delighted when at the close of the year he was removed to Hanover, though, as he afterwards said, " it was a change. "it of scene, but with it came no remedy of existing evils."

We are also told that the Baron, whose whole soul was divided between drill and the accumulation of money, did not hesitate to appropriate to himself under one pretext or other, the greater portion of his allowance, restricting his pocket money to one guinea and a-half per week, and to prevent his remonstrances reaching his father, a rigid espionage was established, his letters were intercepted, and his conduct misrepresented, so that, again to use his own language, "my letters never having reached the King, he was displeased at my apparently undutiful conduct. I was described to him as recklessly extravagant, and much of the estrangement between my royal parent and myself-much of the sorrow of my after life-may be ascribed to that most uncalled for sojourn in the Electorate."

The Reverend Erskine Neale has very justly observed that in Germany the soldier is not a man but a machine, not a living being with hopes, aspirations and opinions of his own, but an automaton. His life, one never ending parade, he marks the successive changes of existence by drills. Such the British soldier never can become, and the attempt to make him such would inevitably ensure mutiny. There can be no doubt, that had it not been for the good seed sown in a kindly soil in early youth, all that was good and amiable in his nature would have been eradicated by the vicious system of training to which he was subjected in Germany. As it was, it left its impress on his character and accounts for the unpopularity which for a time rested on his name among the British soldiery, and all must agree with Mr. Neale, that the lesson thereby taught is indisputable: " The British Prince must be trained and nurtured on British ground."

On the 30th May, 1786, he was gazetted Colonel in the Army by brevet, shortly after elected a Knight of the Garter, and in October, 1787, by His Majesty's command, was transfered to Geneva, in many respects, a welcome change for the better; but still he had a morose governor, instead of a parental tutor, a man who made it his sole study to receive and retain all he could of his allowance for maintenance. He, however, had now the pleasure of forming the acquaintance and enjoying the society of English gentlemen of his own age, but not having the means of commanding

even the indulgences which they were allowed, he incurred debts by borrowing money to procure them; but at length, "wearied out by petty and perpetual espionage, thwarted on most occasions by the Baron; chafed by ever recurring an-. noyances arising from the position he had to maintain, with the stinted allowance assigned him, he resolved to visit England. He was now of age; written remonstrances he had found unavailing, and he hoped a personal appeal to his father might secure an impartial hearing and redress.'

In January, 1790, he arrived in London, without previous intimation, and took up his quarters at an hotel, where he was at once visited by the Prince of Wales, who took him to Carlton House, where they were immediately joined by the Duke of York, who undertook to communicate his arrival to the King. Dire was the wrath of the King, his displeasure was inexorable. Prince Edward had returned without his sanction, therefore he refused to see him, and in a few days sent him peremptory written orders under seal to proceed, within twenty-four hours, to Gibraltar, and only admitted him to his presence for a few minutes on the night before his departure. Thus, after an absence of six years from his family, he was debarred all opportunity of giving explanations, or laying open his embarrassments, or even of soliciting the King to grant him the usual and necessary outfit.

On the first of February, with wounded feelings and insulted affections, he quitted England, and on his arrival at Gibraltar, was compelled to provide for his domestic establishment at enormous expense.He was, however, rid of the "Old Man of the Sea," Wangenheim, and was placed by the Governor, General O'Hara, under the kind tutelage of Colonel Symes, a man of generous qualities, who considerately made efforts to relieve him from his embarrassments, though, unfortunately, without success. But, to his great delight, he was now appointed to the Colonelcy of the 7th Royal Fusileers, then forming part of the garrison, and had thus an opportunity of carrying out the ideas of military duty which had been instilled into him in Germany, and as a consequence, the strict discipline which he enforced, though he faithfully subjected himself to it, made him unpopular with the men. Yet it is on official record, that "the Prince's general conduct has been perfectly to the satisfaction of General O'Hara, and has met the approbation of the whole

garrison." And it is further testified, that of all the officers, he had shewn himself the most attentive and diligent in the discharge of his public duties," as well as the most regular and temperate in his private hours." Unfavorable representations had however been made at home, as to the disaffection prevalent among the Fusileers, and in consequence he was ordered to embark with them for Canada.

Before his departure from Gibraltar, a splendid fête was given by his brother officers, to shew their regard for "their comrade and fellow soldier," which was gratefully acknowledged by Sir Robert Boyd, in general orders, who was directed to say, "how flattering to His Royal Highness this mark of their attachment had been."

Though owing to the very limited, or rather totally inadequate allowance, which had been made to him by his father, his debts had been increased during his sojourn at Gibraltar. He left that fortress, bearing in his bosom good will to those he left behind, and animated with brighter hopes for the future, the voices of his comrades still sounding in his ear, singing the concluding verses of a song composed for the occasion:

"For Royal Edward leaves us now!
'Twas he who taught us how to bear
The soldier's toil, the leader's care,
Yet cheered fatigue with festive hours,
And strewed life's rugged path with flowers.
Ye breezes softly waft him o'er

To brave the cold Canadian shore,

To spread afar his rising fame,

And make his own a glorious name."

Under these favorable auspices Prince Edward commenced his voyage to America, which terminated as has been described at the commencement of this chapter.

CHAPTER II.

Quebec-Habits-Society-Desertion and Mutiny-Free School-De Salaberry Family-Addresses-Departure for the West Indies.

1791 To 1794.

THE Quebec Gazette informs us that, on the Saturday following his arrival, His Royal Highness Prince Edward received at the Castle of St. Louis the officers, civil and military, of the garrison, the clergy, merchants, etc.; and in the afternoon, the ladies of Quebec were introduced; and that on Thursday, 18th August, an address was presented to him from the inhabitants, to which he made the following reply:

GENTLEMEN,—I request you will be fully convinced how grateful I must feel myself for the very flattering sentiments you have expressed towards my person.

I am anxious that during my stay in this country, my conduct may prove I am deserving of them.

Nothing will give me greater pleasure than if I should be fortunate enough to find an opportunity of being personally serviceable to you till then, gentlemen, I hope you will remain fully persuaded of my gratitude and esteem.

This may appear mere language of course, but time proved they were the genuine sentiments of his heart, and many a Canadian can testify to their practical fulfilment.

The Prince at once entered on his military duties in connexion with his regiment and the garrison, with that ardour which always distinguished him, and also joined in the society of the place "with gracious and engaging condescension, shewing marked courtesy on all occasions to the French Canadians, with several of whom he associated on terms of the most kindly intimacy. He delighted in musical reunions and organized a society of amateurs, of which the late Chief Justice Sewell, an accomplished violinist, was leader. Though duty required his daily presence in the city, after some time,

in accordance with his taste for rural life, he took up his residence at Haldimand House, at the Falls of Montmorenci, from whence he drove into town every morning. He soon became very popular, and the Quebec Gazette informs us that on the 2nd November, being the first anniversary of his birth after his arrival, a ball was given at the Castle of St. Louis, and the city was generally and splendidly illuminated in honor of the day.

Brown autumn was passed, and winter reigned supreme, and its "joys" were fully entered into, and the terms on which he had already placed himself with one of the Canadian families will be understood from the following letter, translated from the French:

QUEBEC, 1st March, 1792.

I am in despair, my dear De Salaberry, that we will not have the pleasure of seeing you here to-day. I am more pained to know the cause, but I hope it will not result in anything serious. Keep yourself cheerful, have a little patience, and do not venture out till you are completely recovered. The moment you inform me the roads are passable, I will not lose an instant in repairing to Beauport with Madame de St. Laurent, who joins with me in assuring you of those sentiments of distinguished consideration and esteem, with which I am always your most devoted and faithful

EDWARD, Col. R. Fusileers.

P. S.-Many compliments from myself and Madame de St. Laurent, to Madame de Salaberry and your charming family.

A Mon'r. M. Louis de Salaberry, Beauport.

This letter affords the opportunity of introducing the gentleman to whom it was addressed, and who, with his family, will occupy a prominent part in this narrative.

M. Louis Ignace de Salaberry, Seignior of Beauport, was descended from a noble family in the Pays de Basque, his great ancestor having been ennobled on the field of Coutras in 1557, by Henry Quatre, fer a deed of daring and clemency performed under his eye. "Force à superbe, Mercy à foible," said the monarch, "shall be thy device," and it has continued to be so to the present day. Michel de Salaberry, the father of Louis, arrived at Quebec in 1735, in command of the French frigate L'Anglesea, and the archives of Notre Dame de Beauport show that he was married on the 13th July, 1750, to Demoiselle Madeleine Louise Juchereau Duchesnay, daughter of the deceased Seignior; on the 5th