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ing or clearing, dues, duty per ton, or tonnage taxes, but the Secretary of Commerce may, in his discretion, direct that such foreign yachts shall be required to obtain licenses to cruise, in a form prescribed by him, before they shall be allowed under the provisions of this Act to cruise in waters of the United States. Such licenses shall be issued without cost to such yachts and shall prescribe such limitations as to length of time, direction, and place of cruising and action, and such other particulars as the Secretary of Commerce may deem proper. (May 28, 1908, sec. 5. See also Tonnage tax, p. 139.) Every yacht, except those of fifteen gross tons or under, visiting a foreign country under the provisions of sections forty-two hundred and fourteen, forty-two hundred and fifteen, and forty-two hundred and seventeen of the Revised Statutes shall, on her return to the United States, make due entry at the customhouse of the port at which, on such return, she shall arrive: Provided, That nothing in this act shall be so construed as to exempt the master or person in charge of a yacht or vessel arriving from a foreign port or place with dutiable articles on board from reporting to the customs officer of the United States at the port or place at which said yacht or vessel shall arrive, and deliver in to said officer a manifest of all dutiable articles brought from a foreign country in such yachts or vessels. (R. S. 4218; Aug. 20, 1912. See sec. 441, tariff act of 1922, p. 475.)

Official Number.

The Commissioner of Navigation shall have power, under such regulations as he shall prescribe, to establish and provide a system of numbering vessels so registered, enrolled, and licensed; and each vessel so numbered shall have her number deeply carved or otherwise permanently marked on her main beam; and if at any time she shall cease to be so marked, such vessel shall be liable to a fine of thirty dollars on every arrival in a port of the United States if she have not her proper official number legally carved or permanently marked. (R. S. 4177; June 19, 1886, sec. 6.)

Name of Vessel.

The name of every documented vessel of the United States shall be marked upon each bow and upon the stern, and the home port shall also be marked upon the stern. These names shall be painted or gilded, or consist of cut or carved or cast roman letters in light color, on a dark ground, or in a dark color on a light ground, secured in place, and to be distinctly visible. The smallest letters used shall not be less in size than four inches. If any such vessel shall be found without these names being so marked the owner or owners shall be liable to a penalty of ten dollars for each name omitted. (R. S. 4178; Feb. 21, 1891; Jan. 20, 1897.)

Port Defined.

The word "port," as used in section forty-one hundred and seventyeight shall be construed to mean either the port where the vesssel is registered or enrolled, or the place in the same district where the vessel was built or where one or more of the owners reside. (June 26, 1884, sec. 21.)

Every steam vessel of the United States, in addition to having her name painted on her stern, shall have the same conspicuously placed

in distinct, plain letters, of not less than six inches in length on each outer side of the pilot house, if it has such, and in case the vessel has side wheels, also on the outer side of each wheelhouse; and if any such steamboat be found without having her name placed as required, she shall be subject to the same penalty and forfeiture as provided by law in the case of a vessel of the United States found without having her name, and the name of the port to which she belongs, painted on her stern. (R. S. 4495.)

Change of Name.

No master, owner, or agent of any vessel of the United States shall in any way change the name of such vessel, or by any device, advertisement, or contrivance deceive or attempt to deceive the public, or any officer or agent of the United States, or of any State, or any corporation or agent thereof, or any person or persons, as to the true name or character of such vessel, on pain of the forfeiture of such vessel. (R. S. 4179.)

The Commissioner of Navigation shall, under the direction of the Secretary of Commerce, be empowered to change the names of vessels of the United States on application of the owner or owners of such vessels when in his judgment there shall be sufficient cause for so doing.

The Commissioner of Navigation, with the approval of the Secretary of Commerce, shall establish such rules and regulations and procure such evidence as to age, condition, where built, and pecuniary liability of the vessel as he may deem necessary to prevent injury to public or private interests; and when permission is granted by the Commissioner of Navigation, he shall cause the order for the change of name to be published at least in four issues in some daily or weekly paper at the place of documentation, and the cost of procuring evidence and advertising the change of name to be paid by the person or persons desiring such change of name. (Sec. 2.)

For the privilege of securing such changes of name the following fees shall be paid by the owners of vessels to collectors of customs, to be deposited in the Treasury by such collectors as navigation fees: For vessels ninety-nine gross tons and under, $10; for vessels one hundred gross tons and up to and including four hundred and ninety-nine gross tons, $25; for vessels five hundred gross tons and up to and including nine hundred and ninety-nine gross tons, $50; for vessels one thousand gross tons and up to and including four thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine gross tons, $75; for vessels five thousand gross tons and over, $100. (Sec. 3.)

Sections 1 and 2 of the Act of March 2, 1881, entitled "An Act to authorize the Secretary of the Treasury to change the name of vessels under certain circumstances," and section 5 of the Act of July 5, 1884, entitled "An Act to constitute a Bureau of Navigation in the Treasury Department," are hereby repealed. (Sec. 4.)

This Act shall take effect thirty days after its passage. 1920, sec. 5.)

Draught.

(Feb. 19,

The draught of every registered vessel shall be marked upon the stem and stern posts, in English feet or decimeters, in either Arabic

or Roman numerals. The bottom of each numeral shall indicate the draught to that line. (Feb. 21, 1891, sec. 2; Jan. 20, 1897, sec. 2.) Authority to Take Over Vessels of Enemy Nations.

The President be, and he is hereby, authorized to take over to the United States the immediate possession and title of any vessel within the jurisdiction thereof, including the Canal Zone and all territories and insular possessions of the United States except the American Virgin Islands, which at the time of coming into such jurisdiction was owned in whole or in part by any corporation, citizen, or subject of any nation with which the United States may be at war when such vessel shall be taken, or was flying the flag of or was under register of any such nation or any political subdivision or municipality thereof; and, through the United States Shipping Board, or any department or agency of the Government, to operate, lease, charter, and equip such vessel in any service of the United States, or in any commerce, foreign or coastwise.

That the Secretary of the Navy be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to appoint, subject to the approval of the President, a board of survey, whose duty it shall be to ascertain the actual value of the vessel, its equipment, appurtenances, and all property contained therein, at the time of its taking, and to make a written report of their findings to the Secretary of the Navy, who shall preserve such report with the records of his department. These findings shall be considered as competent evidence in all proceedings on any claim for compensation. (S. J. Res., May 12, 1917, sec. 2.)

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Before any vessel shall be registered, she shall be measured by a surveyor, if there be one, or by the person he shall appoint, at the port or place where the vessel may be, and if there be none, by such person as the collector of the district within which she may be shall appoint. But in all cases where a vessel has before been registered as a vessel of the United States, it shall not be necessary to measure her anew, for the purpose of obtaining another register; unless such vessel has undergone some alteration as to her burden, subsequent to the time of her former registry. (R. S. 4148.)

The officer or person by whom such measurement is made shall, for the information of and as a voucher to the officer by whom the registry is to be made, grant a certificate, specifying the build of the vessel, her number of decks and masts, her length, breadth, depth, the number of tons she measures, and such other particulars as are usually descriptive of the identity of a vessel, and that her name, and the place to which she belongs, are painted on her stern in manner required by this Title [R. S. 4131-4305]; which certificate shall be countersigned by an owner, or by the master of such vessel, or by some other person who shall attend her admeasurement, on behalf of her owner or owners, in testimony of the truth of the particulars therein contained; without which the certificate shall not be valid. (R. S. 4149.)

The registry of every vessel shall express her length and breadth, together with her depth and the height under the third or spar deck, which shall be ascertained in the following manner: The tonnage deck, in vessels having three or more decks to the hull, shall be the second deck from below; in all other cases the upper deck of the hull is to be the tonnage deck. The length from the fore part of the outer planking on the side of the stem to the after part of the main stern post of screw steamers, and to the after part of the rudder post of all other vessels measured on the top of the tonnage deck, shall be accounted the vessel's length. The breadth of the broadest part on the outside of the vessel shall be accounted the vessel's breadth of beam. A measure from the under side of the tonnagedeck plank, amidships, to the ceiling of the hold (average thick

ness), shall be accounted the depth of hold. If the vessel has a third deck, then the height from the top of the tonnage-deck plank to the under side of the upper-deck plank shall be accounted as the height under the spar deck. All measurement to be taken in feet and fractions of feet; and all fractions of feet shall be expressed in decimals. (R. S. 4150.)

No part of any vessel shall be required by the preceding section to be measured or registered for tonnage that is used for cabins or staterooms, and constructed entirely above the first deck, which is not a deck to the hull. (R. S. 4151.)

Gross Tonnage.

The register tonnage of every vessel built within the United States or owned by a citizen or citizens thereof shall be her entire internal cubical capacity in tons of one hundred cubic feet each, to be ascertained as follows: Measure the length of the vessel in a straight line along the upper side of the tonnage deck, from the inside of the inner plank, average thickness, at the side of the stem to the inside of the plank on the stern timbers, average thickness, deducting from this length what is due to the rake of the bow in the thickness of the deck, and what is due to the rake of the stern timber in the thickness of the deck, and also what is due to the rake of the stern timber in one-third of the round of the beam; divide the length so taken into the number of equal parts required by the following table, according to the class in such table to which the vessel belongs: Class one. Vessels of which the tonnage length according to the above measurement is fifty feet or under: into six equal parts.

Class two. Vessels of which the tonnage length according to the above measurement is above fifty feet and not exceeding one hundred feet into eight equal parts.

Class three. Vessels of which the tonnage length according to the above measurement is above one hundred feet and not exceeding one hundred and fifty feet: into ten equal parts.

Class four. Vessels of which the tonnage length according to the above measurement is above one hundred and fifty feet and not exceeding two hundred feet: into twelve equal parts.

Class five. Vessels of which the tonnage length according to the above measurement is above two hundred feet and not exceeding two hundred and fifty feet: into fourteen equal parts.

Class six. Vessels of which the tonnage length according to the above measurement is above two hundred and fifty feet: into sixteen equal parts.

Then, the hold being sufficiently cleared to admit of the required depths and breadths being properly taken, find the transverse area of such vessel at each point of division of the length as follows:

Measure the depth at each point of division from a point at a distance of one-third of the round of the beam below such deck: or, in case of a break, below a line stretched in continuation thereof, to the upper side of the floor timber, at the inside of the limber strake, after deducting the average thickness of the ceiling, which is between the bilge planks and limber strake; then, if the depth at the midship division of the length do not exceed sixteen feet, divide each depth into four equal parts; then measure the inside horizontal breadth,

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