Puslapio vaizdai
PDF
„ePub“

FACULTY OF ARTS.

PRELIMINARY HONOURS.

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY.

1. (a) Outline the steps in the digestion of starch, palmitin, egg albumin.

(b) Outline the tests for the detection of the following substances: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, bile salts, bile pigments, free hydrochloric acid, pepsin.

2. (a) Give the structural formulae of alanine, aspartic, acid, tryptophane, indole, skatole, uric acid.

(b) Discuss the chemistry of the lipoids.

3. (a) Discuss the chemistry of the blood. (b) Discuss the chemistry of the liver.

4. Discuss the excretion of sulphur.

5. Write note on the chemistry of the following substances as end products in the metabolism of nitrogenous compounds: (a) urea, (b) uric acid, (c) creatinine, (d)

ammonia.

FACULTY OF ARTS (HONOURS) AND FACULTY OF PRACTICAL SCIENCE (COURSES B, C, D).

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY.

Not more than seven questions to be attempted.

1. Show how to determine the ratio of the arms of a balance, and, having obtained this ratio, show how to use it to calibrate a set of weights, a standard 50 gram piece being also provided. Deduce the formula for allowing for the buoyancy of air, using brass weights.

2. Given a burette, graduated 50 c.c. in tenths, a ten c.c. pipette and a 1000 cc.. flask, calculate the permissible error in the two latter pieces of apparatus, so that they should have the same relative accuracy as the burette. Show how to calibrate a pipette.

3. Give an explanation of the law of mass action and illustrate it by examples. How does it apply to the ionization of a weak base?

4. Fully explain and illustrate the phase rule, taking first water, and secondly sodium chloride and water as an example.

5. The temperature of the sodium sulphate region in Mexico fluctuates between 25° and 40°C. What changes would you expect to notice in the sodium sulphate? On what circumstances would it depend, whether anhydrous calcium sulphate, or gypsum (CaSO4, 2H,O) separates out in nature?

6. Prove the gas equation PV=R.T., assuming Boyle's and Charles' Laws. Express R in various units. How did Avogadro's theory supplement Dalton's atomic theory?

7. How is osmotic pressure measured? 1 mole of sugar (342 grams) is dissolved in 1 liter of water.

motic pressure at 25°.

Find the os

Briefly discuss various kinds of semipermeable membranes and their relation to osmotic pressure.

8. What are Kopp's and Neumann's laws, and what relation do they bear to Dulong and Petit's law?

Explain the meaning of c, and c, and show by what amount they differ.

FACULTY OF ARTS (HONOURS).

INDUSTRIAL CHMISTRY.

Seven questions to be attempted.

Equations are always to be given.

1. 1000 kilos of chile saltpeter containing 3% water and 1.5% NaCl are distilled from a retort with strong sulphuric acid. Calculate the volume of chlorine and nitric oxide produced. What is the percentage loss of nitric acid due to the presence of the sodium chloride? How much nitric acid is obtained?

2. Show how to determine the hardness of a water by either Clark's or Hehner's method, pointing out all the sources of error you are acquainted with. What is the relation between the English, French and German degrees of hardness?

3. Fully describe the destructive distillation of wood, and the products obtained.

4. Fully describe the manufacture and purification of either acetic acid or acetone.

5. Fully describe a technical rectifying or dephlegmating column, and its mode of action. What are its advantages compared with ordinary distillation? For what classes of liquids can it be employed?

6. Show how to determine the calorific value of a coal. Compare the heating values of three different fuels with which you are acquainted. What is bagasse?

« AnkstesnisTęsti »