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PASS ANIMAL BIOLOGY.

Extra-Mural.

1. Describe the nervous system and the respiratory system of the Grasshopper.

2. Write a note on the Coleoptera.

3. Compare the hearts of the Fish, Frog and Bird.

4. Sketch the Water-vascular system of the Echinodermata.

5. Write a note on the Mollusca.

6. Describe Paramoecium.

7. Write a note on the Earthworm.

8. Describe the methods of locomotion, reproduction and feeding of the Hydra.

FACULTY OF ARTS AND FACULTY OF SCIENCE.

JUNIOR CHEMISTRY AND GENERAL CHEMISTRY I.

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1. State the Law of Multiple Proportions and apply it to the laboratory exercise in such a way as to make clear the application of the law. [To do this it is not necessary to remember weights].

2. How much charcoal containing 95% carbon will it take to reduce 100 tons of magnetite (Fe3O4), the carbon being all oxidised to the monoxide?

[Fe=56, C=12, O=16].

3. Explain why (a) powdering and (b) stirring hasten the dissolving of a solid.

4. (a) Define gramme-molecular-weight and grammemolecular-volume, and give the values of each for hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine, phosphorus, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, and sulphur trioxide. [H=1.008, O=16, Cl=35.46, P=31, N=14.01, S=32.06].

(b) Write the equation for the manufacture of chlorine by oxidising hydrozen chloride (Deacon's process), and state the relative gas volumes of all the substances.

5. The molecular weight of a substance is 74. Calculate (a) Its gas density compared with hydrogen, (b) Its gas density compared with air, and (c) The weight of one litre as a gas at normal temperature and pressure.

6. Write the equilibrium equation for a solution of bismuth trichloride in water, and explain fully (1) how diluting with water affects this equilibrium, and (2) the results which follow the addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid when the solution is in equilibrium with a precipitate of bismuth oxychloride.

7. (a) Show in a general way how the effect of a dissolved substance upon the freezing point of a solvent can be used to determine the molecular weights of substances.

(b) What classes of substances are exceptional and how is their exceptional character explained?

(c) The freezing point of a 3.3% solution of hydrogen peroxide in water is -2.03°. Calculate its molecular weight. [Molecular depression constant for water=1.89°].

8. Give the names and formulas of the ordinary substances which cause water to be (a) "temporarily” hard and (b) "permanently" hard.

(c) Write the equations for the action of soap on such waters, assuming the formula Na Fa for soap.

(d) Account for the fact that ordinary limestone (CaCO3) is slowly dissolved by natural waters.

9. Use hydrolysis and ionization to explain (a) the alkaline reaction of a solution of normal sodium carbonate, and (b) the acid reaction of a solution of aluminium sulphate.

10. Describe shortly experiments you have made to illustrate the following:

(a) The relative solubilities of iodine in water and in carbon bisulphide.

(b) The relative chemical activity of chlorine, bromine and iodine. Equations for these.

FACULTY OF ARTS.

SENIOR CHEMISTRY.

Note.-Candidates will answer questions 1, 2, 3 in separate book.

1. (a) What is the highest strength of alcohol that can be obtained by distillation of a mixture of alcohol and water? Explain why this is the case.

(b) How could you detect chlorine and hydrogen in chloroform?

2. (a) Outline the chemistry of the alcohols and compare with phenols.

(b) Discuss the chemistry of diazonium compounds.

3. Describe in detail the preparation and purification of (i) aniline, (ii) ethylene dibromide.

4. Given a solution which may contain any or all of potassium chloride, potassium bromide and potassium iodide, how would you detect each? Give the facts upon which each test is based.

5. What do you understand by the terms: complex salt, mixed salt, double salt, amphoteric hydroxide, hydrolysis of a salt?

6. Give as completely as you can the chemistry of the separation of nickel from cobalt as nickelic hydroxide, or the separation of cadmium from copper, or

the action of ammonia solution upon silver chloride and silver iodide.

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