with not more than five additional persons who shall be acquainted with the needs of aeronautical science, either civil or military, or skilled in aeronautical engineering or its allied sciences: * * * Act of Mar. 3, 1915 (38 Stat. 930), making appropriations for the naval service. 687. Service without compensation.-* * Provided, That the members of the Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, as such, shall serve without compensation: * Act of March 3, 1915 (38 Stat. 930). 688. Duties of the National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics.-* Provided further, That it shall be the duty of the Advisory Committee for Aeronautics to supervise and direct the scientific study of the problems of flight, with a view to their practical solution, and to determine the problems which should be experimentally attacked, and to discuss their solution and their application to practical questions. In the event of a laboratory or laboratories, either in whole or in part, being placed under the direction of the committee, the committee may direct and conduct research and experiment in aeronautics in such laboratory or laboratories: And provided further, That rules and regulations for the conduct of the work of the committee shall be formulated by the committee and approved by the President. Provided, That an annual report to the Congress shall be submitted through the President, including an itemized statement of expenditures. Act of March 3, 1915 (38 Stat. 930). 689. Office of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics.—* Provided, That the Secretary of War is authorized and directed to furnish office space to the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics in governmental buildings occupied by the Signal Corps. Act of July 1, 1918 (40 Stat. 650), making appropriations for sundry civil expenses. 690. Appropriation for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics.-That the sum of $5,000 a year, or so much thereof as may be necessary, for five years is hereby appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, to be immediately available, for experimental work and investigations undertaken by the committee, clerical expenses and supplies, and necessary expenses of members of the committee in going to, returning from, and while attending, meetings of the committee: * Act of March 3, 1915 (38 Stat. 930), making appropriations for the naval service. For scientific research, technical investigations, and special reports in the field of aeronautics, including the necessary laboratory and technical assistants; traveling expenses of members and employees; office supplies, printing, and other miscellaneous expenses, including technical periodicals and books of reference; equipment, maintenance, and operation of Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory, and construction of additional buildings necessary in connection therewith; maintenance and operation of one motor-propelled passengercarrying vehicle; and purchase, maintenance, and operation of one passengercarrying motor cycle; personal services in the field and in the District of Columbia: Provided, That the sum to be paid out of this appropriation for clerical, drafting, watchmen, and messenger service for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1922, shall not exceed $30,000; in all, $200,000. Act of Mar. 4, 1921 (41 Stat. 18×1), making appropriations for sundry civil expenses: National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics. 691. Bureau of Aircraft Production established. That the President is further authorized to establish an executive agency which may exercise such jurisdiction and control over the production of aeroplanes, aeroplane engines, and aircraft equipment as in his judgment may be advantageous; and, further, to transfer to such agency, for its use, all or any moneys heretofore appropriated for the production of aeroplanes, aeroplane engines, and aircraft equipment. Sec. 3, act of May 20, 1918 (40 Stat. 557). 692. Civilian employees in the Bureau of Aircraft Production.-That during the existing emergency the head of the bureau or department charged with aircraft production be, and he is hereby, authorized to employ in the District of Columbia out of appropriations made for designing, procuring, caring for, and supplying airships, engines, and property connected therewith such services as are necessary for carrying out these purposes. Act of July 9, 1918 (40 Stat. 850), making appropriations for the support of the Army. 693. Corporations to further the production of aircraft.-That the Director of Aircraft Production may, whenever in his judgment it will facilitate and expedite the production of aircraft, aircraft equipment, or materials therefor, for the United States and Governments allied with it in the prosecution of the present war, form under the laws of the District of Columbia or under the laws of any State one or more corporations for the purchase, production, manufacture, and sale of aircraft, aircraft equipment, or materials therefor, and to build, own, and operate railroads in connection therewith. The total capital stock of the corporation or corporations so formed, together with any bonds, notes, debentures, or other securities issued by them, shall not at any one time exceed $100,000,000. Sec. 1, chap. XVI, act of July 9, 1918 (40 Stat. 888), making appropriations for the support of the Army. 694. Stock held by the Director of Aircraft Production.-That the Director of Aircraft Production may, for and on behalf of the United States, subscribe, purchase, and vote not less than a majority of the voting capital stock of any such corporation, and may purchase for and on behalf of the United States all or any part of the preferred nonvoting stock, bonds, notes, debentures, or other securities issued by such corporations, and do all things necessary to protect the interest of the United States and to carry out the purpose of this chapter; and, with the approval of the Secretary of War, may sell any or all of the stock, bonds, notes, debentures, or other securities of the United States in such corporation: Provided, That at no time shall the United States be a minority holder of voting stock therein. Any sums heretofore or hereafter appropriated for the purchase or procurement of aircraft, aircraft equipment, or materials therefor, for the Army shall be available for the purchase of the capital stock of such corporation or corporations or their bonds, notes, debentures, or other securities. Sec. 2, chap. XVI, act of July 9, 1918 (40 Stat. 888), making appropriations for the support of the Army. 695. Dissolution of aircraft corporations.-That within one year from the signing of a treaty of peace with the Imperial German Government the Director of Aircraft Production shall, on behalf of the United States as a stockholder, institute such proceedings as are necessary to dissolve such corporation or corporations under the laws of the District of Columbia or the State or States under which such corporation or corporations are organized. Upon the dissolution of the corporation or corporations the same shall be liquidated and the assets distributed in accordance with the laws of the District of Columbia or the State or States under which such corporation or corporations are organized. Sec. 3, chap. XVI, act of July 9, 1918 (40 Stat. 889), making appropriations for the support of the Army. 696-698. Vacant. CHAPTER 18. CHEMICAL WARFARE SERVICE. Chemical Warfare Service: Composition, 699. HISTORICAL NOTE. The Chemical Warfare Service is an outgrowth of a Gas Service Section, which owed its origin to a memorandum from The Adjutant General to the Chief of Engineers, dated October 17, 1917, reading as follows: "Under the instructions of the Secretary of War of October 16, a Gas Service Section of the National Army is to be organized and the following commissioned personnel appointed upon your recommendation: a. An Officer of Engineers not above the rank of colonel, to be appointed Director of the Gas Service. b. Following commissioned personnel for this service: 4 majors, 6 captains, 10 first lieutenants, 25 second lieutenants." Sec. XI, General Order 139, War Department, Nov. 1, 1917, directed that a Chemical Service Section of the National Army be organized with a commissioned personnel of 47 and an enlisted force of 95. By General Order 62, War Department, June 28, 1918, the Gas Service was organized into a Chemical Warfare Service, National Army, to include the Chemical Service Section, National Army. General Order 80, War Department, 1918, directs that the Chief of the Chemical Warfare Service will operate under the direct supervision of the Chief of Staff, in so far as pertains to purely military matters, and is responsible for the efficiency and preparedness for service of personnel and matériel. The act of July 11, 1919 (41 Stat. 129), directed that the Chemical Warfare Service "with their powers and duties as defined in orders and regulations in force and effect on Nov. 11, 1918, shall be continued to and until June 30, 1920." Specific appropriation for the above service appears for the first time in act of June 5, 1920 (41 Stat. 972), making appropriations for the support of the Army. 699. The Chemical Warfare Service.-There is hereby created a Chemical' Warfare Service. The Chemical Warfare Service shall consist of one Chief of the Chemical Warfare Service with the rank of brigadier general, one hundred officers in grades from colonel to second lieutenant, inclusive, and one thousand two hundred enlisted men. Sec. 12a, added to the act of June 3, 1916, by sec. 12, act of June 4, 1920 (41 Stat. 768). 700. Duties of the Chemical Warfare Service.-* The Chief of the Chemical Warfare Service under the authority of the Secretary of War shall be charged with the investigation, development, manufacture, or procurement and supply to the Army of all smoke and incendiary materials, all toxic gases, and all gas-defense appliances; the research, design, and experimentation con nected with chemical warfare and its material; and chemical projectile filling plants and proving grounds; the supervision of the training of the Army in chemical warfare, both offensive and defensive, including the necessary schools of instruction; the organization, equipment, training, and operation of special gas troops, and such other duties as the President may from time to time prescribe. Sec. 12a, added to the act of June 2, 1916, by sec. 12, act of June 4, 1920 (41 Stat. 768). CML2 p.5 1323/ prot Quartermaster's Department.-The Quartermaster's Department was authorized by R. S., sec. 1094, and its organization was prescribed by R. S., sec. 1132. The latter section was amended, by the addition of other provisions, by act Feb. 27, 1877 (19 Stat. 242); but its original provisions had been superseded, previous to that amendment, by act Mar. 3, 1875 (18 Stat. 338), and the department was continued, as then constituted, by act Mar. 2, 1899, sec. 7 (30 Stat. 979). All these provisions were superseded by provi sions of act Feb. 2, 1901, sec. 16 (31 Stat. 751), which provided that the Quartermaster's Department should consist of 1 Quartermaster General with the rank of brigadier general, 6 assistant quartermasters general with the rank of colonel, 9 deputy quartermasters general with the rank of lieutenant colonel, 20 quartermasters with the rank of major, 60 quartermasters with the rank of captain mounted, and 150 post quartermaster sergeants, which said provisions were superseded by sec. 9 of the national defense act of June 3, 1916 (39 Stat. 170). Said act of Feb. 2, 1901, sec. 16, also contained a provision, omitted here, which included in the department "the military storekeeper now provided for by law." Military storekeepers, not exceeding 16, with the rank of captain of Cavalry, were authorized by R. S., sec. 1132; but act Mar. 3, 1875, sec. 2 (18 Stat. 338), provided that no more appointments should be made in the grade, and that it should cease as soon as it should become vacant. The appointment of a military storekeeper in the department was authorized by act July 1, 1898 (30 Stat. 571), but the office was to cease, on the occurrence of a vacancy therein, by act Feb. 2, 1901, sec. 1 (34 Stat. 748). A proviso annexed to said act Feb. 2, 1901, sec. 16, providing for filling vacancies created or caused by this act is omitted as temporary merely. A further proviso, annexed to said sec. 16, authorizing the continuance in service, during emergency, for duty in the Philippine Islands and on transports, of certain officers of volunteers, is also omitted as temporary merely. The number of officers in the department was increased by 2 colonels, 3 lieutenant colonels, 7 majors, and 18 captains, the vacancies thus created to be filled by promotion and detail in accordance with act Feb. 2, 1901, sec. 26 (31 Stat. 755), by a provision of act Mar. 3, 1911 (36 Stat. 1045), which provision was superseded by sec. 9 of the national defense act of June 3, 1916 (39 Stat. 170), providing that the commissioned personnel of the Quartermaster Corps should consist of 1 Quartermaster General (major general), 2 assistants to the Quartermaster General (brigadier generals), 21 colonels, 24 lieutenant colonels, 68 majors, and 180 captains. The section further provided that the pay clerks then in active service should have the rank, pay, and allowances of second lieutenant and that they might be commissioned second lieutenants in the Quartermaster Corps. The strength of the enlisted personnel and the number in each grade was to be fixed by the President, under certain limitations set forth in said section, This section was superseded by 702, post. Sec. 4, act of Aug. 24, 1912 (37 Stat. 593), provided for the replacement of certain grades of civilian employees by enlisted men, 713, post. Pay Department.-The Pay Department, co nomine, was first organized by the act of Apr. 24, 1816 (3 Stat. 297), but a Paymaster for the Army, "to reside near the head |