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56 Geo. III. c. 127.

An Act to reduce the Duty on the Exportation from Great Britain of Small Coals of a certain description.*

Screened coals to pay same duty as culm.-From the 5th day of July, 1816, there shall be raised upon the exportation from Great Britain to Foreign Parts of Coals which have been screened through a riddle or screen, (the bars of which not being in any part thereof more than threeeighth parts of an inch asunder, and stamped in the manner hereinafter directed,) the like duties as are charged on culm exported from Great Britain to Foreign Parts. § 1.

Certificate required that they have been screened.-Provided, that no such Coals be admitted to entry on payment of the duty payable on Culm, unless a certificate under the hand of an owner or proprietor of the mine or pit from which such coals have been raised, (or of the principal and known agent of such owner,) shall be delivered to the collector of the customs at the port of exportation,—which certificate shall specify the real quantity of coals so to be admitted to entry, and that such coals have actually passed through a riddle or screen of the dimensions hereinbefore described, and which riddle or screen had been stamped as by this act directed;—and such certificate shall also contain the name and residence of the owner of such coals, with the description of the situation of the mine or pit from which such coals were raised. § 2.

Mine owners to provide riddles or screens, &c.—The owner or proprietor of any coal pit from which it may be intended to ship for exportation any coals of the sort and dimensions hereinbefore described, shall at his expense provide such a number of riddles or screens as shall be necessary and sufficient for the purpose of ascertaining that the coals intended to be shipped are of the dimensions required by this act, in order to entitle them to be exported to foreign parts on payment of the duty as Culm: Provided, that all such riddles or screens shall be stamped in such manner as the commissioners of the customs in England and Scotland respectively shall direct; such stamps to be provided and affixed at the expence of the owners of the mines from which such coals shall be intended to be shipped.

Coals of a larger size, on exportation to be charged with duty as heretofore. All coals of a larger size or dimensions than herein before mentioned, shall on the exportation from Great Britain be charged with the duty on coals so exported, in the like manner in every respect as if this act had not been made. § 3.

Penalty on shipping coals of a larger dimension, &c. at the reduced duty. If any coals shall be entered or shipped for exportation to foreign parts on which the duty payable on Culm shall have been paid, which shall be of larger dimensions than is allowed by this act, or which shall not have passed through a stamped riddle or screen, the owner of such coals, (or the person who in his behalf signed the certificate hereby required to be delivered to the collector of the customs at the time of the entry, and the person entering or shipping any such coals,) shall be subject to a penalty of ten pounds for every chaldron, Newcastle measure, of such coals so improperly entered or shipped. § 4.

• This act is excepted out of the " General Repeal Act," see page 487.

Officer to attend the screening of coals so entered.-The proper officer of the customs at the port where any coals shall be entered for exportation to foreign parts on payment of the duty as Culm, shall, (as often as it conveniently can be done,) attend at the screening; and in case he is not able to attend, the owner, &c., or shipper shall, whenever required, cause such coals to be re-screened in his presence; and if it shall appear that they or any part thereof are not of the dimensions required by this act, or have not passed through the screen directed by this act to be used, the owner or proprietor, and the person who may have signed the certificate, shall be liable to the penalties directed by this act. § 5. Duties how to be levied.-The duties by this act imposed shall be managed, ascertained, raised, levied, collected, paid, and recovered, in such and the like manner as any duties of customs of a like nature are inanaged, ascertained, raised, levied, collected, paid, and recovered, and under and subject to the several powers, conditions, regulations, restrictions, penalties, and forfeitures now in force in relation to or made for securing the revenue of customs in Great Britain, and all pains, penalties, fines, and forfeitures for any offences whatever committed against or in breach of any act or acts of parliament in force on or immediately before the passing of this act, made for securing the revenue of customs or for the regulation or improvement thereof, and the several clauses, powers, and directions therein contained, shall be in full force and effect as to the said duties, as fully and effectually to all intents and purposes as if they were at large and re-enacted in this act. § 6.

Application of duties.-All monies from time to time arising from the said duties (the necessary charges of raising and accounting for the same respectively excepted) shall from time to time be paid into the receipt of his Majesty's exchequer at Westminster, and shall be appropriated and applied in the same manner as the duties on Culm exported from Great Britain are directed to be appropriated and applied. § 7.

For the other regulations respecting the export of coals, see CUSTOMS. 6 Geo. IV. c. 107. § 63.* 66. 67. and 120.-6 Geo. IV. ch. 111. § 29.† + Page 503.

* Page 462, &c.

CHAPTER XIII.

THE EAST INDIA TRADE.

It is not within the province of this work to give a history of the commencement and progress of the trade to the East Indies; the curious will find the subject extensively treated in "An Historical Disquisition concerning the Knowledge which the Ancients had of India, and the Progress of Trade with that Country prior to the Discovery of it by the Cape of Good Hope," by Dr. Robertson, and likewise in that useful publication, "A Dictionary of Commerce and Commercial Navigation," by J. R. M'Culloch, Esq. And the trading public will be much edified at this time by Mr. M'Culloch's concise statement respecting the intrigues of the first chartered company and that which was formed in 1698.

The object in the present work is to give such parts of Acts of Parliament as are now in force affecting persons trading to the East Indies, the limits within which such trade may be carried on, and by whom.

9 and 10 Wm. III. c. 44.

An Act for raising a sum not exceeding two millions, upon a fund for the payment of annuities after the rate of eight per centum, and for settling the trade to the East Indies.

Original trading limits of the East India Company.-By the 61st Section it was provided that if the sum of two millions were subscribed by the 29 September, 1698, that then all the persons, natives and foreigners, from whom such subscriptions were made, and all persons who should derive from such original subscribers, or should be entitled to any part of the stock of the general society,* might lawfully for ever after by themselves or their factors, agents, or servants, freely traffic and use the trade of merchandise in such places, and by such ways and passages, as are already frequented, found out, or discovered, or which hereafter shall be found out or discovered, as they severally shall esteem and take to be fittest or best for them, into and from the East Indies in the countries and parts of Asia and Africa, and into and from the islands, ports, havens, cities, creeks, towns, and places in Asia, Africa, and America, or any of them, beyond the Cape of Bona Esparanza to the Streights of Magellan, where any trade or traffic of merchandise is or may be used or had and to and from every of them.

* "The General Society entitled to the advantages given by an Act of Parliament for advancing a sum not exceeding two millions for the service of the crown of England."

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