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quired for the management of a hundred trees, from Every one of which the sap is oozing out at the same time. In rainy weather, the trees yield their valuable juice rather tardily; and, during the whole month which is sometimes devoted to this employment, it often happens that only eight or nine days are propitious to this part of the settler's labours. The best weather for the purpose is that in which the night is frosty, and the day cheered by the rays of a warm sun. If the process of boiling were not continued both day and night, the sap would accumulate too rapidly in the reservoir, and soon evince symptoms of vinous fermentation, which would change its quality, and render it useless for the manufacture of sugar.

The first thing necessary for commencing the manufacture of this article is a metal boiler, which costs in Upper Canada about L.2, 10s. sterling. This holds nearly thirty gallons, and, with a small cooking-pot, is sufficient, in a prosperous season, to boil down 500 lbs. One hundred and fifty troughs, eight reservoirs, and four hand-buckets, will be necessary for the regular supply of this boiler. The troughs cost about 16s. 3d. per hundred; the reservoirs, which are barrels without heads, about 4s. each; and the buckets 2s. 6d. each. These are the only utensils which an emigrant will need: the troughs may be made by himself, if he has acquired any skill in the use of his axe during the preceding winter. An expert hand can make thirty or thirty-five troughs in a day, which, though formed only with the axe, will last for many years, if carefully placed under cover during summer. The trees are tapped either by means of an incision made by an axe, or the perforation of an augur. But the latter mode is considered the less injurious to the growth of the tree, and is therefore the more approved plan. A small shoot about nine inches long is made the conductor of the sap from each incision to its respective trough, from which, when nearly full, it is conveyed in buckets to the reservoirs, and there allowed to subside. When the grosser particles of the sediment have been left to sink to the bottom, the sap is drawn off into the boilers, and reduced to molasses by the simple process of evaporation. The liquid in this purer state is then drawn from the boilers, and placed in the reservoirs or coolers, until it becomes nearly cold, when it is strained through a woollen cloth into a smaller boiler, and, after being clarified with eggs, milk, or bullock's blood, is boiled down to the consistence of sugar, and poured into inoulds of the particular shape which it is intended to assume as a sort of candy; but if to be used as soft sugar, the syrup in its last stage of purification is left in a sugar-cask, which is perforated, to allow the moist particles, in the form of molasses, to ooze through the bottom. Many people neither clear nor strain the molasses, and consequently make very coarse and dirty sugar; but by a strict adherence to the simple directions which I have given, the most ignorant novice in the art might manufacture sugar equal to any that is imported into England. Some of it, indeed, has what is called 'a smack, or peculiar taste, derived often from the kind of wood of which the troughs are made, and sometimes from being neglected while in the act of boiling, and suffered to burn. Every tree, on an average, will from a single wound yield about twenty gallons of sap, and a proportionate quantity from any number of incisions not exceeding four. Five gallons of sap contain at least one pound of sugar."

Dyes. The most simple rule for dyeing is to put the dye into very hot water, and when well mixed, to pass the stuff through it until it sufficiently imbibes the colour, but on no account to squeeze it; it should then be hung up, and when cold, plunged twice into soft water, and then into hard water with a little alum dissolved in it; the stuff may then be again hung up, and when nearly dry, ironed or pressed. Most colours are made brighter by the addition of a little cream of tartar, and darker by pearl-ash. Dyes may be purchased ready prepared. We would recommend that all ordinary dyeing, and particularly when fancy or delicate colours are required,

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should be consigned to the hands of the professed dyer; and dyeing of a coarse kind only be done at home. In such cases, brown may be produced from a decoction of birch bark; and black from logwood with green copperas. (See article CHEMISTRY APPLIED TO THE ARTS.) Temperance drinks. The simplest beverage of a cooling and pleasing quality, which contains no intoxicating fluid, is lemonade; this may be very easily made by pouring boiling water on sliced lemons, and sweetening with sugar to taste. Lemons, however, are not always to be procured, and in such a case, citric acid, or cream of tartar, may be employed instead. Superior lemonade is made with lump sugar. Ginger beer may be made as follows: - Take of lump sugar 3 pounds, bruised ginger 2 ounces, cream of tartar 1 ounce, one or two lemons sliced, boiling water 4 gallons, and yeast 8 ounces. Let the whole stand to work in a cask for four days, and then bottle off for use. Treacle beer is a cheap drink, which may be made as follows:-Boil as much water as will fill twelve common quart bottles; and to it add one pound of treacle, or more, according to taste. When the treacle is dissolved, take the pot from the fire, and let the solution cool. When lukewarm, put into it half a gill of yeast. As soon as it is cold, bottle it, but do not put in the corks till next morning, when the yeast will have wrought over the top of the bottles. Let it stand in a cool place for two or three days, when it will be fit for use. Unless care is taken as to the proportion of yeast and keeping cool, also to corking lightly, the bottles may burst, which is a serious loss to a poor family.

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THE TOILET.

Personal cleaning and decoration are the proper duty at the toilet, which requires regular performance daily. We shall speak first of matters connected with the gentleman's toilet.

Sharing. Some beards are more hard and difficult to shave than others. The usual plan is to soften them with soap lather, but this is not sufficient with beards which are somewhat stubborn. We recommend all to try the following plan: Rub the face or beard with a little soap and water with the hand over the basin, and when pretty well rubbed or softened, apply the lather. Raise the lather from warm water, and apply with a brush. The best kind of soap for shaving is Bandana, but Windsor is also generally liked. Although warm water is most agreeable and suitable for shaving with, it is advantageous for every one to accustom himself to shaving with cold water, as it will render him independent of assistance when travelling or in cases of emergency.

It is of no use going to a great expense in purchasing razors. A razor of the best kind may be had for from five to eight shillings, and as their tempering is very much a matter of chance, sometimes a first-rate razor may be had for two or three shillings. Supposing a sharp and good razor to be procured, it may last a whole lifetime with ordinary care. We have used one for twenty years, and it is still as good as new. Some persons prefer keeping six or seven razors, and changing them daily, but in this there is no absolute utility. Razors become blunt more from bad management than fair work in shaving. When to be used, dip the razor in hot water, for this adds keenness to the edge; and before putting it away, wash the razor gently to remove all impurities. Do not wipe it with or upon paper, for that spoils the edge; wipe it only with a fine rag. Before putting it away in its case, give it a turn or two on a strop. Several kinds of strops are now offered for sale; and all, very properly, are mounted on hard board. The best we have seen has several sides, of different degrees of fineness; one being for use in taking out small bluntnesses or flattenings on the edge, called setting, and another for simple stropping. In any case, take care always to draw the razor smoothly and flatly from heel to point along the strop. Do not draw first

what would buy the things ready made from shops. | the soles and seams a composition made of the following We therefore confine our directions to articles which materials:-Half a pint of unboiled linseed of, twe may require to be manufactured in families at a great table-spoonfuls of turpentine, one ounce of bees'-wax, distance from towns, or for the families of emigrants and a quarter of an ounce of Burgundy pitch. Meit tha in remote settlements. whole together, and apply with a brush before the fire, Repeat the application till the soles will absorb to more. Neats'-foot oil, alone, will be found an excellent preservative of shoes in wet weather.

Blacking for shoes.-There are many ways of making this article, the chief ingredients employed being ivory black, vinegar or sour beer, sugar, a little sweet oil, and oil of vitriol. A good blacking may be made as follows: -Mix three ounces of ivory-black, two ounces of treacle, a table-spoonful of sweet oil, one ounce of vitriol, one ounce of gum-arabic dissolved in water, and a pint of vinegar.

For blacking-balls, mix one pound of ivory-black, one pound of lamp-black, a quarter of a pound of gumarabic dissolved in water, six ounces of brown sugar, half an ounce of melted glue, and a quart of water; and make into balls. A fine blacking for dress-shoes may be made by well beating two eggs, and adding a table-spoonful of spirits of wine, a lump of sugar, and ivory-black to thicken. This blacking may also be used for restoring the black leather seats and backs of chairs, &c. It should be laid on and polished as other blacking, and then left a day to harden.

Boot-top liquid.-Dissolve in a quart of water one ounce of oxalic acid, and the same of white vitriol; with which sponge the leather previously washed with water; then wash off the composition with water, and dry. This mixture is for white tops. For brown, mix one ounce of oxalic acid, one ounce of spirits of salts, a scruple of cochineal bruised, and a pint of boiling water, and use as above. These mixtures should be labelled "poison." For brown tops, also, mix with a pint of skimmed milk half an ounce of spirits of salts, half an ounce of spirits of red lavender, one ounce of gumarabic dissolved in water, and the juice of two lemons; keep the mixture closely corked, sponge the tops when dry, and polish them with a brush or piece of flannel. Blacking for harness.-Melt two ounces of mutton suet with six ounces of bees'-wax; add six ounces of sugarcandy, and two ounces of soft soap dissolved in water, and one ounce of indigo finely powdered; and when melted and well mixed, add a gill of turpentine. Lay it on the harness with a sponge, and polish off with a brush.

Ink. An excellent ink suitable for writing with steel pens, which it does not corrode, may be made of the following articles :--Sixty grains of caustic soda, a p of water, and as much Indian ink as you think fit fr making a proper blackness.

Bottle war. A good kind of bottle wax or cement may be cheaply made as follows:-Put into an iron laus half a pound of rosin, two ounces of bees'-wax, and whrt melted over the fire, stir in Venetian red, lamp-blac or other colouring; and apply while hot. If kept it after use, melt with a candle as usual when applied. Potato-starch.-Wash and peel a gallon of good pota toes, grate them into a pail of water, stir frequently, and then let them settle. On the following day the star will be found at the bottom of the pail; when pour the water, add fresh, stir as before, and let it subska a second time; when pour off the water, and dry the sediment in the sun or a slow oven. An excellent stari may also be made by setting in a cool place the water a which rice has been boiled (though not in a clo which will in twenty-four hours become a strong stare Potashes.-Settlers in the backwoods of America, t other woody regions, have an opportunity of mant turing potashes, an article of great use and considerab value. A vast quantity of this substance is annua made in Canada, and exported to Great Britain. F ashes are made from the ashes of burnt trees. Is burning timber to clear the land, the ashes are re fully preserved, and put in barrels, or other vesses with holes in the bottom; and water being poured ov.? them, a liquid or alkali is run off; this ley being bak in large boilers, the watery particles evaporate, and leave what is called black salts, a sort of residuer which, when heated to a high degree, becomes fani, and finally, when cool, assumes the character of potas

By these potashes the Canadians make their owă soap; the ley of a barrel of ashes, boiled along with: a pounds of tallow, till it is of a proper consistence, pro duces about forty pounds of very good soft soap. It related, that when the land has been covered with her timber of a hard nature, there is such a quantity ashes produced that their value will pay for clear the land.

Cement. Various preparations are used for mending broken china, earthenware, and glass. The most successful are as follow:-Beat the white of an egg with quicklime, in impalpable powder, into a paste; to which is sometimes added a little whey, made by mixing vinegar and milk. A little isinglass, dissolved in mastic varnish, is another cement. Nature supplies some Maple sugar.-In the woody districts of Canada, the cements ready to our hands-as the juice of garlic, and inhabitants have it in their power to make sugar? the white slime of large snails; and it has been stated domestic consumption as well as for exportation. Th in a respectable scientific journal, that a broken flint sugar is produced from the sap of the maple tree, one has been joined so effectually with this snail cement, of the most valuable vegetable products of the Amer that when dashed upon a stone pavement, the flint broke forests. An active farmer and his wife may make, elsewhere than at the cemented parts. In their anxiety is said, about 700 lbs. of sugar annually, not inferra to unite broken articles, persons generally defeat them-quality to that of the West Indies, and worth about selves by spreading the cement too thickly upon the edges of the article, whereas the least possible quantity should be used, so as to bring the edges almost close together; and this may be aided by heating the fragments to be joined.

Paste is useful in a house for papering walls, cupboards, boxes, labeling, &c. Dr M'Culloch, of Edinburgh, employs "paste made of flour in the usual way, but rather thick, with a proportion of brown sugar, and a small quantity of corrosive sublimate. The use of the sugar is to keep it flexible, so as to prevent its scaling off from smooth surfaces; and that of the corrosive sublimate-independently of preserving it from insects as an effectual check against its fermentation. This salt does not, however, prevent the formation of mouldiness; but a drop or two of oil of lavender, peppermint, or aniseed, is a complete security against

this.

Waterproof stuff for shoes.-In winter, or during wet weather, shoes may be rendered durable by applying to

per pound. The manufacture of this native of greatly tends to lower the price of West India sugars which would be otherwise as high as 1s. 6d. a pou Talbot, in his "Five Years' Residence in the Canad writes with enthusiasm of the value and use of s manufacture, which it seems is far from being properly attended to by the settlers. "Maple sugar might be manufactured," says he, " by the rudest mountaine in your country, as well in the first season after bu arrival here, as by the most eminent sugar-refiner is Jamaica. The manufacture is generally commenced early in the month of April, when the sap of the tree is first put into motion at the return of spring, and when no other agricultural operation can be carried on good purpose by the farmer, on account of the unpleant weather which occurs at that period. A part of estate is selected which contains the largest quantity flourishing maple trees nearly contiguous to each oth and a temporary hut is erected for the accommodate a of the operators, not more than two or three being re

quired for the management of a hundred trees, from every one of which the sap is oozing out at the same time. In rainy weather, the trees yield their valuable juice rather tardily; and, during the whole month which is sometimes devoted to this employment, it often happens that only eight or nine days are propitious to this part of the settler's labours. The best weather for the purpose is that in which the night is frosty, and the day cheered by the rays of a warm sun. If the process of boiling were not continued both day and night, the sap would accumulate too rapidly in the reservoir, and soon evince symptoms of vinous fermentation, which would change its quality, and render it useless for the manufacture of sugar.

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should be consigned to the hands of the professed dyer; and dyeing of a coarse kind only be done at home." In such cases, brown may be produced from a decoction of birch bark; and black from logwood with green copperas. (See article CHEMISTRY APPLIED TO THE ARTS.) Temperance drinks. The simplest beverage of a cooling and pleasing quality, which contains no intoxicating fluid, is lemonade; this may be very easily made by pouring boiling water on sliced lemons, and sweetening with sugar to taste. Lemons, however, are not always to be procured, and in such a case, citric acid, or cream of tartar, may be employed instead. Superior lemonade is made with lump sugar. Ginger beer may be made as follows: Take of lump sugar 3 pounds, bruised ginger 2 ounces, cream of tartar 1 ounce, one or two lemons sliced, boiling water 4 gallons, and yeast 8 ounces. Let the whole stand to work in a cask for four days, and then bottle off for use.

Treacle beer is a cheap drink, which may be made as follows:-Boil as much water as will fill twelve common quart bottles; and to it add one pound of treacle, or more, according to taste. When the treacle is dissolved, take the pot from the fire, and let the solution cool. When lukewarm, put into it half a gill of yeast. As soon as it is cold, bottle it, but do not put in the corks till next morning, when the yeast will have wrought over the top of the bottles. Let it stand in a cool place for two or three days, when it will be fit for use. Unless care is taken as to the proportion of yeast and keeping cool, also to corking lightly, the bottles may burst, which is a serious loss to a poor family.

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THE TOILET.

Personal cleaning and decoration are the proper duty at the toilet, which requires regular performance daily. We shall speak first of matters connected with the gentleman's toilet.

The first thing necessary for commencing the manufacture of this article is a metal boiler, which costs in Upper Canada about L.2, 10s. sterling. This holds nearly thirty gallons, and, with a small cooking-pot, is sufficient, in a prosperous season, to boil down 500 lbs. One hundred and fifty troughs, eight reservoirs, and four hand-buckets, will be necessary for the regular supply of this boiler. The troughs cost about 16s. 3d. per hundred; the reservoirs, which are barrels without heads, about 4s. each; and the buckets 2s. 6d. each. These are the only utensils which an emigrant will need the troughs may be made by himself, if he has acquired any skill in the use of his axe during the preceding winter. An expert hand can make thirty or thirty-five troughs in a day, which, though formed only with the axe, will last for many years, if carefully placed under cover during summer. The trees are tapped either by means of an incision made by an axe, or the perforation of an augur. But the latter mode is considered the less injurious to the growth of the tree, and is therefore the more approved plan. A small shoot about nine inches long is made the conductor of the sap from each incision to its respective trough, from which, when nearly full, it is conveyed in buckets to the reservoirs, and there allowed to subside. When the grosser particles of the sediment have been left to sink to the bottom, the sap is drawn off into the boilers, and reduced to molasses by the simple process of evaporation, The liquid in this purer state is then drawn from the hoilers, and placed in the reservoirs or coolers, until it becomes nearly cold, when it is strained through a woollen cloth into a smaller boiler, and, after being clarified with eggs, milk, or bullock's blood, is boiled down to the consistence of sugar, and poured into moulds of the particular shape which it is intended to Assume as a sort of candy; but if to be used as soft sugar, the syrup in its last stage of purification is left in a sugar-cask, which is perforated, to allow the moist particles, in the form of molasses, to ooze through the bottom. Many people neither clear nor strain the molasses, and consequently make very coarse and dirty sugar; but by a strict adherence to the simple directions which I have given, the most ignorant novice in the art might manufacture sugar equal to any that is imported into England. Some of it, indeed, has what is called 'a smack,' or peculiar taste, derived often from the kind of wood of which the troughs are made, and sometimes from being neglected while in the act of boiling, and suffered to burn. Every tree, on an average, will from a single wound yield about twenty gal-ing them daily, but in this there is no absolute utility. lons of sap, and a proportionate quantity from any number of incisions not exceeding four. Five gallons of sap contain at least one pound of sugar." Dyes. The most simple rule for dyeing is to put the dye into very hot water, and when well mixed, to pass the stuff through it until it sufficiently imbibes the colour, but on no account to squeeze it; it should then be hung up, and when cold, plunged twice into soft water, and then into hard water with a little alum dissolved in it; the stuff may then be again hung up, and when nearly dry, ironed or pressed. Most colours are made brighter by the addition of a little cream of tartar, and darker by pearl-ash. Dyes may be purchased ready prepared. We would recommend that all ordinary dyeing, and particularly when fancy or delicate colours are required,

Sharing. Some beards are more hard and difficult to shave than others. The usual plan is to soften them with soap lather, but this is not sufficient with beards which are somewhat stubborn. We recommend all to try the following plan: Rub the face or beard with a little soap and water with the hand over the basin, and when pretty well rubbed or softened, apply the lather. Raise the lather from warm water, and apply with a brush. The best kind of soap for shaving is Bandana, but Windsor is also generally liked. Although warm water is most agreeable and suitable for shaving with, it is advantageous for every one to accustom himself to shaving with cold water, as it will render him independent of assistance when travelling or in cases of emergency.

It is of no use going to a great expense in purchasing razors. A razor of the best kind may be had for from five to eight shillings, and as their tempering is very much a matter of chance, sometimes a first-rate razor may be had for two or three shillings. Supposing a sharp and good razor to be procured, it may last a whole lifetime with ordinary care. We have used one for twenty years, and it is still as good as new. Some persons prefer keeping six or seven razors, and chang

Razors become blunt more from bad management than
fair work in shaving. When to be used, dip the razor
in hot water, for this adds keenness to the edge; and
before putting it away, wash the razor gently to remove
all impurities. Do not wipe it with or upon paper, for
that spoils the edge; wipe it only with a fine rag. Be-
fore putting it away in its case, give it a turn or two
on a strop. Several kinds of strops are now offered for
sale; and all, very properly, are mounted on hard board.
The best we have seen has several sides, of different
degrees of fineness; one being for use in taking out
small bluntnesses or flattenings on the edge, called set-
ting, and another for simple stropping.
In any case,
take care always to draw the razor smoothly and flatly
from heel to point along the strop. Do not draw first

one way and then push another. In general one or two turns will be enough. Never leave your razors in drawers or cases which are accessible to servants or children. By locking them up, you will keep them in better order than by all the other means you employ. A cut in shaving.—The bleeding may be at once effectually stopped by placing on the wound a small portion of wool from a beaver hat. We have known cases in which bleeding from very serious wounds have been stopped by the application of hat stuff when all other means failed.

The teeth. The cleaning and proper management of the teeth is the most difficult operation of the toilet. Whether arising from heat of the stomach or other constitutional causes, the teeth of some persons are much more liable to become discoloured and decay than others. In general, even in the worst cases, much might be done in youth to prevent future deterioration of teeth; but children are ignorant, and parents are lamentably careless on this important matter of personal economy, and remedies often require to be applied when too late. Parents desirous of seeing their children grow up with good teeth, should cause them to be cleaned with scrupulous regularity daily, though only with a brush and tepid water. If the teeth appear crowded, so that there is a fear of one tooth shooting over another, a dentist ought by all means to be employed to thin the row, and allow all to grow straight. The daily cleaning of the teeth should take place every morning after washing the face. Employ in preference tepid water and a moderately hard brush. Various dentifrices or powders are offered for sale, and which the opulent have opportunities of testing; but we know of none better than finely-powdered charcoal, that is, charred wood well ground in a mortar, and kept in a box secluded from the air. It may be purchased, ready for use, at a small price from perfumers. By putting a little of this on the wet brush, and rubbing the teeth with it, impurities and discolourations will be removed without injuring the enamel. Rinse well afterwards with clean water. A much more strong dentifrice consists of the powder of burnt tobacco; but it contains silica, or gritty particles of sand, and cannot be recommended for common use.

The nails.-Keeping the nails of the fingers in order is a proper duty of the toilet. They should be brushed with soap and water when washing the hands. While still wet, or when wiping the hands with the towel, push back the skin which is apt to grow over the nail, and thus keep the top of the nails neatly rounded. The points of the nails should be regularly pared once a

week.

Stray hairs.-These sometimes grow in the nose and ears to an uncomfortable extent. Remove them smartly with a pair of tweezers.

Pomatum.-This is a soft unguent which is valuable for softening the hands, and preventing them chopping in cold dry weather, or for moistening the hair. It was originally named from its containing apple (pomum, Latin), and consisted of lard, rose-water, and the pulp of apples. It now consists of perfumed hog's-lard, the apple being omitted. The famed sultana pomatum is made as follows:-Melt together half a pound of beef suet, the same of bear's grease, an ounce of white wax, and two ounces of olive oil; and add to it, tied up loosely in muslin, one ounce of bruised cloves, half an ounce of cinnamon, two bruised tonquin beans, and four grains of musk; strain and put into pots. The article called bear's grease, usually sold in the shops, is little else than perfumed beef-marrow; and the many oils offered for restoring and softening the hair are chiefly olive or almond oil, perfumed with different scents. In general, if the hair be well brushed, no such applications are necessary, and in most cases they create a scurf on the head which it requires considerable trouble to get rid

of.

Pomade divine.This is a soft and valuable unguent, possessing a fine aromatic odour. Dr Biddoes recomends it to be made as follows:-Steep twelve ounces

of beef-marrow in water ten days (changing the occasionally), and then steep it in rose water. Ir into a jar with half an ounce of flowers of benjar the same of storax and orris-root in powder, and drachms each of cinnamon, nutmeg, and cierra powder. Cover the jar closely, set it in a ve water, and put it on the fire; and when the patta. thus melted, strain it for use. As a very small qua is ever used at a time, in general it will be found u more economical to buy a small bottle of it t prepare the article.

Cold cream. This is a simple and cooling cints: exceedingly serviceable for rough or chopped ha winter, or for keeping the skin soft. It is very made. Take half an ounce of white wax, and into a small basin, with two ounces of almos Place the basin by the side of the fire till the w. dissolved in the oil. When quite melted, add two of rose-water. This must be done very slowly, by little; and as you pour it in, beat the m smartly with a fork to make the water incur When all is incorporated, the cold cream is com and you may pour it into jars for future use. cold cream is much better than that which is t sold in shops, and which is too frequently made. ferior ingredients.

Spermaceti ointment.-This is a cooling and l ointment for wounds. Take a quarter of an oL white wax and half an ounce of spermaceti (** a hard white material), and put them in a sma with two ounces of almond oil. Place the bas the side of the fire till the wax and spermacti dissolved. When cold, the ointment is ready for This is an article which it is also much better to than to purchase. When you make it yoursel know that it has no irritating or inferior mater... it.

The feet-corns.-To keep the feet in a proper dition, they should be frequently soaked and weil. At these times, the nails of the toes should be jand prevented from growing into the flesh. Cart the most troublesome evils connected with the They are of two kinds-soft and hard. Soft ear those which grow between the toes. They easily removed by applying ivy leaf steeped in vi. if the corn be very painful, change the piece of y every morning. The leaf may be steeped for a two days before using. Hard corns, which gre outside of the toes, are caused by friction from thei and we know of nothing so likely to prevent ther easy soft shoes and very frequent soaking of the f warm water. Every method of extracting corns but to afford temporary relief, and never will be att with complete success unless attention is paid : shoes. It is very dangerous to cut corns too deep, account of the multiplicity of nerves running in e direction of the toes. The bunion, or swelling ball of the great toe, is produced by the same CALthe corn-pressure and irritation by friction treatment recommended for corns will succeed in e of bunions; but in consequence of the greater ex sion of the disease, the cure of course is more tes When a bunion is commencing, it may be effects. stopped by poulticing, and then opening with a la but this must be committed to the hands of a sur attendant.

Cosmetics. These consist of washes and pastss improving the skin, and are in general highly object able; for the greater number contain poisonous ir: dients, and while removing from the surface any colouration, drive the disease inward, and therefore much more harm than good. Lotions for pu freckle washes, milk of roses, rouge, and all such tre we studiously discommend. The best purifier is w with a cloth; the best beautifiers are health, exercias, i

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