of the gentlemen concerned, unless it be the receipt of money by Sebastian." Again, p. 37, "She (meaning Kentucky) has reared many illustrious patriots, but none who have served her more faithfully through a period of extraordinary embarrassment and peril, than Brown, Innes, Nicholas, and Sebastian." We can assure Mr. Hall, from a long and intimate acquaintance with the people of Kentucky, that they, and none more than the descendants of the first three of their ancient and distinguished public servants above mentioned, will regard their association with Judge Sebastian as equals in fame, with much the same complacency, that they would consider the assertion that Arnold and Burr were the equals of Washington and Jefferson. It is indeed political profanation to mingle men of of such opposite character in the same strain of eulogy. The fathers of Kentucky ought not to be classed with a foreign pensioner.

5. Military Operation in the North-Western Territory.

This part of our work will be despatched in much shorter compass than the former. I did expect that after my publication of the principal points in General Clark's papers, when they had been suffered to repose for upwards of half a century, the celebrated Illinois campaigns of this gallant officer would in future have been exhibited faithfully. It is a portion of our history, which before that time had been known to the public, more by its results than its details. Yet so far from Judge Hall's account of this transaction, which is most recent, being most particular, and most free from error; it presents mistakes which were never presented before, and which the Western source of the work and the presumed familiarity of the author with western affairs, are calculated to perpetuate. The whole plan of this expedition originated with Gen. Clark (then an inferior officer) and was pressed by his military genius on the approbation of Gov. Henry and the Executive Council of Virginia. Its honors in conception and execution belong to that hero, and should ever be placed to the credit of his memory. The first error which attracts our notice in Mr. Hall's account of the Illinois expedition of 1778, is, the number of men under the command of its chief. This is said, vol. 2, p. 119, to have been "between two and three hundred men." Now, this officer declares in his memoir which I have quoted, p. 50, that he had "but four companies;" and although he does not mention their numbers, yet he does say, that after receiving two companies of French volunteers for his expedition against Vincennes in 1779, that he had only 170 men.

The presumption is, that a very small number, if any, was left at Kaskaskia, at so perilous a time, and after detaching fortysix men in the galley, under the command of Lieutenant Rogers, which was despatched round from Kaskaskia to ascend the Wabash. There is also a letter of Gov. Henry, just published in the History of Kentucky, which mentions that Col. Clark had "one hundred and seventy or eighty men.”—Butler's History, p. 533, 2d edition. What may be the authority of Mr. Hall for this assertion is left to conjecture. An error of an opposite effect, in favor of the enemy, represents Kaskaskia as a "garrisoned town," and as "fortified."-Vol 2, p. 119. It is true there was a fort; but the only garrison that could be obtained for it was the militia of the village, who, at the attack by Col. Clark, were snugly at their own houses; and their governor, M. Rocheblave, was in bed. But this notice has extended too far; the remainder must be condensed. Mr. Hall omits all account of the first voluntary submission of Vincennes to the government of Virginia, in August, 1778. He represents Col. Clark as visiting Kentucky for the first time, in 1777, p. 118; yet it is well known that this gentleman came to Kentucky in 1775, and was formally chosen by the people of West Fincastle, on Kentucke, as their representative to the Convention of Virginia, in 1776. The British garrison of Vincennes is represented as a well appointed body of soldiers, twice as numerous as his (Clark's) own followers," p. 123. Col Clark states the garrison that surrendered as seventy-nine. Butler, p. 87, after a slight siege. Is 79 twice 170? These events are spoken of as "65 years ago," p. 120; can 178 or 179, the years in which Kaskaskia and Vincennes were taken by Clark, be 65 years from 1835, the date of these sketches? These are minor errors of numbers and date; so is the settlement of Louisville, which preceded the capture of Kaskaskia, if Corn Island, the seat of our first colony, is a part of the settlement; and it still preceded the capture of Vincennes, and did not succeed it, even on the main bank. The expedition of Clark represented to be in 1785, against the Wabash Indians, was in the succeeding year, as all the previous records of Kentucky attest.

But we must stop, with the expression of our sincerest regret, that a writer who possesses so easy a flow of style as Mr. Hall, should, by his inattention to authorities, and the dry, but indispensible investigation of old papers and dates, have exposed himself to the preceding remarks. Yet it is due to the public, that mistakes calculated to embarrass the whole history of the western country should be temperately stated, however

painful the task may have been.

Were the author less dis

tinguished in our young literature than he is, his errors would

not so imperiously require exposure.

MANN BUTLER.

ART. 6.-FUNERAL OF DR. SPÜRZHEIM.

Composed November, 1832, after witnessing the impressive Ceremony in the South Church, Boston.

1

Why is the city stirred?

Why stand its streets along,

With aspect thus sedate,

The still increasing throng?

2

Why is that ancient church
With sable drapery hung?
Around a coffin, stand

The mingled old and young.
3

Around a stranger's corpse
Gather the young and old,
While, in warm, simple words,
The stranger's worth is told.
4

What sympathy connects-
What common feeling binds,
With chain of earnest thought,
This group of varied minds?

5

Life's hollow shows and forms,

One moment breaking through,

There comes to all a sense

Of what is Real and True.

6

For clearly to their hearts

By word and act are shown,
In this man's life and death,
A love for truth alone.

7

A love which penetrates

The dark veil hung abroad,
By human creeds and forms,

Before the LIVING GOD.

Is not this a misnomer? How many go to church for the purpose of worshipping God? Who feels that the great end of meeting together has been fulfilled, unless they have heard a sermon upon the Sunday? By the fireside a prayer and a chapter of the Word suffice for us, but not so at church; there too, commonly, the intellectual pleasure coming from the sermon is the great thing. "Who preaches?" is the question when the bell rings, and as that is answered, we go or stay. Should this be so? Ought we not in the house of prayer to be more active, and less passive; prayers and worshippers rather than hearers?

Public instruction is a good thing, and instruction must be public, while worship may be private; but our fear is, that public worship if desirable, is too generally neglected, and at least by Unitarians. The Episcopal Church has provided a service in which the congregation bear a part. We like this, for we think it leads to and aids devotion. The Methodists also, are by their forus called on to worship aloud; and though

many, not of that sect, rail at their extravagancies, few profit by their excellencies.

At Boston, the Unitarian church over which Dr. Freeman was, and Mr. Greenwood is, pastor, still uses the Episcopal service, altered to meet its views. Is not this example worthy of consideration? If we go to church to worship, is not that form the best which allows and induces all to join in the prayers and other services by which we worship? And in this point of view how superior the Episcopal to the Presbyterian form. And should any hesitate to borrow from an opposing sect, they have but to remember that the prevailing form is borrowed from the Presbyterians.

The music, also, as a part of worship, is too little thought of. Where all join, as in some Methodist churches, the very absence of perfection and melody produces the desired effect; it is like the shouting of a great multitude, or any other sound without harmony, but flowing from, and full of feeling,—it rouses feeling; while we could smile as musicians, at the discord-as men, we are swept away by the pervading energy. Or where this is not the case, but a small and trained choir alone are heard, the same end is gained; the perfectness produces solemn thoughts,

"And the wrapt spirit, on the wings of sound,

Floats in mid-ether."

But too often we find all of the discord and none of the warmth; too often, a few poor singers, untrained, and ever changing, so that the choir is never the same three weeks together, excite the merriment of the children, and the pity of the musician; and yet this choir is to assist in public worship! Far better have one good singer, or a whole house full of bad

ones.

Upon these points we believe some change is needful, and will ere long be called for; and also upon many others connected with public worship; among which is the present necessity put on clergymen of preaching two new sermons every week. This is what no man should do, and particularly no Unitarian, for he cannot, like the orthodox, dwell month after month and year after year upon the few points of depravity, election, salvation, damnation, &c.; he must, from his creed, be ever intellectually at work. On this account, more than any other, do Unitarian ministers become weak and broken down sooner than those of other sects, whose faith calls on them for much less reflection and thought.

Another point worthy of consideration in large towns, is the propriety of giving up afternoon for evening services. We