W WHEN I beheld the Poet blind, yet bold, In flender book his vast design unfold, I lik'd his project, the fuccefs did fear; Might hence prefume the whole creation's day Pardon Pardon me, mighty Poet, nor defpife Thou haft not mifs'd one thought that could be fit, So that no room is here for writers left, But to detect their ignorance or theft. That majefty which through thy work doth reign, Draws the devout, deterring the profane. And things divine thou treat'ft of in such state As them preferves, and thee, inviolate. At once delight and horror on us seise, Thou fing'st with so much gravity and ease; And above human flight doft foar aloft With plume fo ftrong, fo equal, and fo foft. The bird nam'd from that Paradife you fing So never flags, but always keeps on wing. Where couldst thou words of fuch a compass find? Whence furnish such a vast expense of mind? Juft Heav'n thee like Tirefias to requite Rewards with prophecy thy lofs of fight. Well might'st thou scorn thy readers to allure With tinkling rime, of thy own sense secure; VOL. I. H While While the Town-Bays writes all the while and spells, The poets tag them, we for fashion wear. I too tranfported by the mode offend, And while I meant to Praise thee must Commend. In number, weight, and measure, needs not rime. ANDREW MARVEL. THE THE VERSE. Trime, HE measure is English heroic verfe without rime, as that of Homer in Greek, and of Virgil in Latin; rime being no neceffary adjunct or true ornament of poem or good verfe, in longer works especially, but the invention of a barbarous age, to fet off wretched matter and lame meter; grac'd indeed fince by the use of some famous modern poets, carried away by cuftom, but much to their own vexation, hindrance, and constraint to exprefs many things otherwife, and for the most part worse than else they would have exprefs'd them. Not without cause therefore fome both Italian and Spanish poets of prime note have rejected rime both in longer and fhorter works, as have also long fince our best English tragedies, as a thing of itself, to all judicious ears, trivial and of no true mufical delight; which confifts only in apt numbers, fit quantity of fyllables, and the fense variously drawn out from one verfe into another, not in the jingling found of like endings, a fault avoided by the learned Ancients both in poetry and all good oratory. This neglect then of rime fo little is to be taken for a defect, though it may feem fo perhaps to vulgar readers, that it rather is to be efteemed an example fet, the first in English, of ancient liberty recovered to heroic poem, from the troublesome and modern bondage of riming. A CRITIQUE upon the PARADISE LOST. T By Mr. ADDISON. Cedite Romani Scriptores, cedite Graii. HERE is nothing in nature more irkfome than general difcourfes, especially when they turn chiefly upon words. For this reafon I fhall wave the difcuffion of that point which was started fome years fince, Whether Milton's Paradife Loft may be called an Heroic Poem? Those who will not give it that title, may call it (if they please) a Divine Poem. It will be fufficient to its perfection, if it has in it all the beauties of the highest kind of poetry; and as for thofe who allege it is not an heroic poem, they advance no more to the diminution of it, than if they should say Adam is not Æneas, nor Eve Helen. Propert. Paradife Loft, in these three feveral lights. Homer to preserve the unity of his action haftens into the midit of things, as Horace has obferved: Had he gone up to Leda's egg, or begun much later, even at the rape of Helen, or the investing of Troy, it is manifeft that the ftory of the poem would have been a feries of feveral actions. He therefore opens his poem with the difcord of his princes, and artfully interweaves, in the feveral fucceeding parts of it, an account of every thing material which relates to them, and had paffed before this fatal diffenfion. After the fame manner, Æneas makes his first appearance in the Tyrrhene feas, and I fhall therefore examin it by within fight of Italy, because the the rules of epic poetry, and fee action proposed to be celebrated whether it falls fhort of the Iliad was that of his fettling himself in or Æneid, in the beauties which Latium. But because it was necefare effential to that kind of writing. fary for the reader to know what The first thing to be confider'd in had happened to him in the taking an epic poem, is the fable, which of Troy, and in the preceding is perfect or imperfect, according parts of his voyage, Virgil makes as the action which it relates is his hero relate it by way of episode more or less fo. This action should in the fecond and third books of have three qualifications in it. First, the Æneid: the contents of both It should be but One action. Se- which books come before thofe of condly, It fhould be an Entire ac- the firft book in the thred of the tion; and Thirdly, It fhould be a ftory, tho' for preferving of this Great action. To confider the unity of action, they follow it in the action of the Iliad, Eneid, and difpofition of the poem. Milton, |