Ellis H. Minns assistant-librarian, and late fellow, of Pembroke, to Miss M. G. Kennedy, and to the Mistress of Girton; to the Assistant Keeper of MSS. at the British Museum, and the Librarian at Lambeth; to Lord Francis Hervey and Sir Ernest Clarke who kindly supplied some annotated references to the school at Bury from the Curteys Register, and last but not least to the Rev. H. F. Stewart (chaplain of Trinity) and Mrs. Stewart, the former of whom has been good enough to read portions of the proof sheets of Chapter IV. For any opinions expressed I am, of course, alone responsible. M. A. R. T. February 1907. CHAPTER III THE UNIVERSITY AS A DEGREE-GIVING BODY Meaning of a degree-the kinds of degrees-the bachelor-the ancient exercises of the schools called acts, opponencies, and responsions—the sophister questionist — determiner-master- regent master- the degree of M.A.-introduction of written examinations—the tripos. The subjects of study and examination: the trivium and quadrivium -grammar-Aristotle's logic-rhetoric-the three learned facultiesthe doctorate-development in university studies-the development of the mathematical tripos-the senior wrangler-the classical tripos -Greek at Cambridge-the moral sciences tripos-philosophy at Cambridge-the natural sciences tripos-science at Cambridge-the language triposes―lists of the triposes—changing value of the examination tests the double tripos-present conditions for the B.A. degree -modern changes in the examinations-standard of the ordinary and honour degree, examples. Method of tuition at Cambridge—the lecture—the class—the weekly paper -the professorial chairs-readerships-lectureships-Lambeth degrees - degrees by royal mandate - honorary degrees - the "modern subjects"—and the idea of a university. 157-201 CHAPTER IV COLLEGIATE AND SOCIAL LIFE AT THE UNIVERSITY University and college officers :-chancellor and vice-chancellor-the senate -graces-proctors-bedells-the master of a college-the vice-master or president-the fellows-unmarried and married fellows-the combination room-dons' clubs-Hobson's choice-the dons of last century-classes of students :-scholar-pensioner-fellow-commoner -sizar-age of scholars-privileges of peers-position of the sizarcollege quarters and expenses-' non-colls '--early discipline-jurisdiction of the university in the town-present discipline :-the proctors —fines—' halls '—'chapels '-town lodgings-expulsion-rustication -gates-the tutor-academical dress-cap and gown-the undergraduates' day—the gyp—the college kitchen-hall '—'wines'—teas -the May term-idleness-rioting-modern studies and tripos entries -athletics—the Union Society-Sunday at Cambridge-scarlet days -academic terms and the long vacation-multiplication of scholar- ships-class from which the academic population has been drawn and careers of university men :-the Church-the rise of an opulent middle class—the aristocratic era-English conception of the benefits of a university-examples of the classes from which the men have come-recruiting grounds of the university-popularity of colleges— numbers in the colleges-religion at Cambridge-Cambridge politics- -university settlement at Camberwell - married dons and future Men who owe nothing to a university-40 great Englishmen-Cambridge men: the scientists, the poets, the dramatists, other literary men, the philosophers, the churchmen, lawyers, and physicians, the statesmen. National movements: King John and the barons-the peasants' revolt - York and Lancaster- the new world-Charles and the Parliament James II. and the University-the Declaration of In- dulgence the Nonjurors-William and Mary and Cambridge whiggery-Jacobitism and Toryism at Cambridge in the reign of Religious movements: Lollards, the early reformers, the question of the divorce, Lutheranism at Cambridge, later reformers and the Reformation, the English bible, and service books, the Cambridge martyrs, the Puritans, the Presbyterians, the Independents, the Latitudinarians, the Deists, the evangelical movement, the Tractarian Intellectual movements: the New Learning and the age of Elizabeth-the Royal Society-the Cambridge Platonists-modern Connexion of Cambridge founders and eminent men with the university—early Cambridge names—a group of great names in the xiii and xiv centuries—Cambridge men in the historical plays of Shakespeare-genealogical tables of founders-Cantabrigians from the xv century to the present day-Cambridge men who have taken no xi CHAPTER VI GIRTON AND NEWNHAM Etheldreda of Ely and Hild of Whitby connect the school of York with the monastery of Ely-English women and education—the four "noble and devoute countesses" and two queens at Cambridge-the rise of the movement for university education-two separate movements-Girton-Newnham-rise of the university lecture movement— Anne Clough-the Newnham Halls and Newnham College-the first triposes the "Graces" of 1881-social life at the women's collegescharacter and choice of work among women-the degree-status of women's colleges at Cambridge and Oxford - and status elsewhere 310-360 xii |