something seen as a picture and felt as an experience—these are the things that are especially well rendered. The narrative prose and the random observations sometimes fall short of interesting the reader.

In the second part the author tells how, by taking up golf and out of door recreation, he escaped the breakdown in health that too close application to a successful business career made imminent. He tells a fishing story, a story of Florida life, and gives us his gospel of love for nature.

The third portion of the book contains a plea for the cultivation of literature, especially poetry, a chapter on “Ideals in the Spirit of Higher Living," and one on "The Gentle Art of Being Kind." The philosophy of life, or natural religion, that the author gives expression to is sane and wholesome and vital. It does honor to his spirit and character, and it to a great degree explains the appeal of the author's verse. But it is rather in the verse and in those paragraphs of prose in which things seen become the basis of a spiritual experience rendered as a flash of poetic vision that the author is original. ALBERT M. Webb.

EAST BY WEST: ESSAYS IN TRANSPORTATION.

By A. J. Morrison. Boston: Sherman, French and Company, 1917,—177 pp. $1.25 net. This essay professes to be "a commentary on the political framework within which the East India trade has been carried on from very early times, starting with Babylon and ending very near Babylon." After sketching the course of trade and commerce in the times when Babylon was a magnificent city, Mr. Morrison's graceful pen follows the paths by which the world has gone West. He passes successively from Mesopotamia to Tyre and Sidon, Greece, Constantinople, Rome, the Italian cities, Western Europe, and the Americas. When the farthest frontiers of the West had been reached, from the Golden Gate new ocean paths were traversed to the East. With the East India trade as a nexus, the author rapidly surveys the world's transportation methods and routes for forty centuries and ends with the Bagdad Railway.

The effect of the succession of sketches Mr. Morrison presents is somewhat kaleidoscopic. He has gathered together an

endless variety of interesting things and offers to the reader a series of pen pictures in high colors. But they are so brief and are exhibited to the reader so rapidly as to leave his eye dazzled and his mind almost confused. However, as a novelty in the discussion of world transportation questions Mr. Morrison's work is certainly of unusual interest.

ESSAYS IN WAR TIME. FURTHER STUDIES IN THE TASK OF SOCIAL HYGIENE. By Havelock Ellis. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1917,-252 pp.

RIGHT AND WRONG AFTER THE WAR. By Bernard Iddings Bell. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1918,-ix, 187 pp. $1.25 net.

Havelock Ellis, the distinguished English scientist, has collected in this volume a considerable number of short essays, many of them having direct connection with the problems of war time. Some of his subjects are "Evolution and War," "War and Eugenics," "Morality in Warfare,” “Is War Diminishing?" "War and the Birth Rate," and "War and Democracy." In time of war Mr. Ellis has a hopeful attitude toward plans to ensure the preservation of the world's peace in the future. He says that "the vast conflagration of today must not conceal from our eyes the great central fact that war is diminishing, and will one day disappear as completely as the mediaeval scourge of the Black Death. To reach this consummation all the best humanizing and civilizing energies of mankind will be needed."

Other important subjects discussed by Mr. Ellis are “Feminism and Masculinism," "The Nationalization of Health,” "Eugenics and Genius," "Civilization and the Birth Rate," and "Birth Control." On these and other matters his style is clear and readable, his thought stimulating, and his views positive.

Another volume of essays on social problems is that by an American churchman, Dean Bell, of St. Paul's Cathedrai Church, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. Dean Bell is considering especially the part which workers of the church are to play in applying Christian moral principles to the new problems of living. He discusses problems of restatement of Christian ethics, problems of the "hunger urge," problems of the "sex

urge," problems of the local community, and national and international problems. It is a forward-looking book of peculiar interest to churchmen but containing a vigorous and sensible discussion of matters important to all good citizens.

NOTES AND NEWS

The Princeton University Press has published a volume entitled "Tales of an Old Sea Port" by Wilfred Harold Munro, of Brown University. A sketch of the history of Bristol, Rhode Island, is followed by biographical accounts of old sea captains of the locality and narratives or journals of some of their important voyages. There are several illustrations of an unusual character. The book is of importance from the standpoint of local history, and relates in an interesting way the deeds of venturesome Bristol men in remote parts of the world.

Rev. Abraham Mitrie Rihbany, the eloquent Boston preacher of Syrian birth, has written a little book on "Militant America and Jesus Christ," which he has dedicated "to the soldiers of democracy on every battlefield." The essay is a study of the sayings of Jesus as affecting the question of the righteousness of the use of force in a good cause. Mr. Rihbany is convincing in his argument that the followers of Christ are justified by his teachings in resisting German military aggression with the sword. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Mass. $.65 net.

After the European War must come numerous problems of reconstruction. One of the most important of these is the training of soldiers who have been permanently injured or crippled so that they may be enabled to take useful, and at least partly self-supporting, places in the organization of economic society. George Edward Barton has written under the title "Reeducation," a book which contains important suggestions along this line derived from personal experience and extended investigation. The volume merits the careful consideration of social workers. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Mass. $1.00 net.

The Office of Farm Management of the United States De

partment of Agriculture has recently published a “Geography of the World's Agriculture," by V. C. Finch, Assistant in Agricultural Geography, and O. E. Baker, Agriculturist. This is an exceedingly timely publication, showing by means of a large number of maps, diagrams, and tables the sources throughout the world of the principal agricultural products. Its use is made easy by excellent topical and geographical indexes. Teachers of commercial geography-especially the geography of food products-are under great obligations to the authors. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1917.

The most important matter presented in the twelfth annual report of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching is the new plan for a system of insurance and annuities for the benefit of the college and university teachers of the United States. A commission constituted by the Foundation has recommended the organization of a corporation to be called the Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America. The purpose of the corporation is "to provide insurance and annuities for teachers and other persons employed by colleges, by universities, or by institutions engaged primarily in educational or research work; to offer policies of a character best adapted to the needs of such persons on terms as advantageous to its policyholders as shall be practicable; and to conduct its business without profit to the corporation or to its stockholders; and the corporation shall transact its business exclusively upon a non-mutual basis and shall issue only non-particpating policies." The corporation proposes to begin its work with a very distinguished list of incorporators and trustees. The details of the proposed plan are of great interest and importance to every college teacher in the United States. The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, 576 Fifth Avenue, New York City.

The April number of the Studies in Philology, published by the University of North Carolina, contains a third series of Elizabethan studies. Especially noteworthy is a short article by Eden Phillpotts on "Hayes Barton," the birthplace of Sir Walter Raleigh. This is attractively illustrated from photo