repulsed at Springfield, Jan. 8, and at Hartsville... .Jan. 11, 1863 Gen. John H. McNeil repulses General Marmaduke in a battle at Cape Girardeau April 26, 1863 Ordinance adopted by the State convention, ordaining that slavery should cease, July 4, 1870, subject to provisions with regard to age, etc......July 1, 1863 Death of Governor Gamble Jan. 31, 1864 Robbery and general massacre of citizens and Federal soldiers in Centralia by guerilla band under Bill Anderson Sept. 27, 1864 General Price invades Missouri; defeats Curtis at Little Blue, Oct. 21, but is repulsed by Nationals at Big Blue, Little Osage, and Newtonia......October, 1864 Constitutional convention meets at St. Louis, Jan. 6, 1865, adopts an ordinance abolishing slavery.. ....Jan. 11, 1865 State board of immigration organized under act of legislature.. 1865 State convention vacates on May 1 the offices of judges of the Supreme Court, of all circuit courts, and others March 17, 1865 New constitution completed April 10. Article ii., section 9, provides that after sixty days "no person shall be permitted to practise as an attorney," nor be competent as a bishop, priest, deacon, minister, elder, or other clergyman" to teach or preach or solemnize marriages unless he shall have taken, subscribed, and filed an oath of loyalty. Constitution ratified by the people, vote 43,670 for and 41.808 against .June 6, 1865 Judges of the higher courts decline to yield to the new judges appointed by Governor Fletcher under ordinance of March 17, as not in the power of the convention. By special order, General Coleman is directed to use such force as may be necessary to establish the new judges in office, which he accomplishes. . . . . . June 14, 1865 Excitement in Lafayette from political strife and robbery and murder by desperadoes under Archie Clemmens, who is killed by troops sent to quell the disturbance Monument to Thomas H. Benton, raised for the State government on Lafayette Square, St. Louis, is unveiled May 27, 1868 People reject the amendment striking out the word "white" in the suffrage clause, by 74,053 to 55,236..........1868 Original seal of the State of Missouri, which had disappeared from the seat of government in 1861, is restored to Governor McClurg by ex-Lieut.-Gov. Thomas C. Reynolds.... .....May 26, 1869 Legislature ratifies Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution Jan. 10, 1870 State Agricultural College located at Columbia by law..... . 1870 A movement set on foot in 1866 by Col. B. Gratz Brown, for universal amnesty, universal franchise, and revenue reform, divides the Republican party, at the State convention at Jefferson City, Aug. 31, 1870, into Radicals and Liberals or "Bolters," headed by Gen. Carl Schurz. The Liberal candidate, B. Gratz Brown, elected governor.... Nov. 8. 1870 Act passes over Governor Brown's veto directing that 422 bonds of the State of Missouri, of $1,000 each, issued in 1852 and falling due in 1872, "redeemable in gold or silver coin," be redeemed in legaltender notes.... Feb. 8. 1872 Seventy or eighty masked men stop a railroad train at Gun City, Cass county, and murder Judge J. C. Stephenson, Thomas E. Detro, and James C. Cline, charged with complicity in the fraudulent issue of railroad bonds, which imposed a heavy burden upon the tax-payers in that county.............. .April 24, 1872 Railroad bridge over the Mississippi at St. Louis, designed by James B. Eads and constructed by the Illinois and St. Louis Bridge Company, formally opened July 4, 1874 State railroad commission created by act of legislature . . . . . . . . . March 27, 1875 Ordinance passed by legislature to prevent the payment of 1.918 bonds and coupons of $1,000 each, executed by the Pacific Railroad of Missouri under a law of Dec. 10, 1855, which had disappeared, but had not been cancelled or destroyed spring of 1867 Legislature makes prize-fighting for money punishable by imprisonment from six to twelve months, or a fine of $500 to $1,000.... Feb. 8, 1868 Oct. 30, 1875 New constitution framed by a State convention which sat at Jefferson City, May 5, 1875, to Aug. 19, is submitted to the people and ratified by a vote of 90,600 to 14,362. . . . ...Oct. 30, 1875 Convention of 869 delegates from thirtyone States and Territories assembles at St. Louis to take action upon the construction of the Southern Pacific Railroad Nov. 23-24, 1875 Carl Schurz, of Missouri, Secretary of the Interior... .March 12, 1877 State lunatic asylum at St. Joseph burned; the 218 inmates escape Jan. 25, 1879 Cottey law passed, to take effect immediately, providing that county courts shall levy only four taxes: the State revenue tax, the State interest tax, tax for current county expenses, and school tax, unless ordered by the circuit court for the county or by the judge thereof in chambers.. March 8, 1879 Laws creating a State fish commission, a bureau of labor statistics, and appropriating $3,000 for a State hatchery 1879 Proposed amendment to the constitution, article xiv., embodying the Maine liquor law, passes the House, and is rejected in the Senate by 12 to 10......1879 Convention of representatives of the commercial and agricultural and other productive industries of the Mississippi Valley meets at St. Louis....Oct. 26, 1881 Missouri River improvement convention meets at St. Joseph. Four States and two Territories are represented Nov. 29, 1881 Downing high license law passed, which fixes the maximum State and county tax on license for dram-shops at $1,200 per annum..... 1883 State board of health created by act of legislature.... .1883 Some seventy-five of the "Bald-knobber" organization of Christian county are arrested in March, some on the charge of murder, others for attending unlawful assemblies of Regulators." All but the leaders are tried at Ozark and fined 66 Bald-knobber leader David Walker and three accomplices tried, March and April, 1888. Sentenced to be executed on May 18; postponed. Their Bald knobber friends, for revenge, seize and hang five of the witnesses.. .Nov. 14, 1888 Norman J. Coleman appointed Secretary of Agriculture... . Feb. 12, 1889 Australian ballot reform act, applicable to cities and towns with a population of 5,000 and over, passed by the legislature 1889 Act of legislature appointing the first Friday after the first Tuesday of April to be observed as Arbor Day........1889 David Walker, William Walker, and John Matthews, Bald-knobbers, sentenced April, 1888, finally executed at Ozark May 10, 1889 Inter-State Wheat Growers' Association of Mississippi Valley meets at St. Louis, N. J. Coleman, presiding....Oct. 27, 1889 Woman's temperance crusade in Lathrop, etc., from... . Feb. 10, 1890 State Treasurer E. T. Noland suspended from office for defalcation to the amount of $32,745.69.... .March 4, 1890 Semi-centennial of the laying of the corner-stone of the State university at Columbia celebrated.... . July 4, 1890 Limited Kansas City express on the Missouri Pacific Railroad is "held up" by seven highwaymen at Otterville, and express car robbed of $90,000 Aug. 17, 1890 Representatives from the Union Labor, Prohibition, and Greenback parties meet at St. Louis, Sept. 3, and organize the National Reform party...... Sept. 5, 1890 Gen. W. T. Sherman dies at New York City, Feb. 14, is buried at St. Louis Feb. 21, 1891 Legal rate of interest fixed at 8 per cent. by act of legislature, which adjourns March 24, 1891 National industrial conference (over 650 delegates from Farmers' Alliance and mutual benefit associations) meets at St. Louis and decides to act with the People's party in the Presidential campaign Feb. 22, 1892 August, 1887 Fifty out of seventy-eight elections under the Wood local option law result National Nicaragua Canal convention, in favor of prohibition... .1887 with delegates from twenty-five or more Governor Marmaduke dies. Dec. 28, 1887 States, meets at St. Louis....June 2, 1892 Institution for deaf and dumb at Fulton Southeast Missouri land commission burned.. February, 1888 created .1893 Cyclone at St. Louis, great loss of lives and property. .. May 27, 1896 Republican National Convention meets at St. Louis. Platform adopted Richard P. Bland dies at Lebanon, Mo. Louisiana purchase exposition to receive $5,000,000 in bonds from St. Louis; $1,000,000 from the State; $5,000,000 from the United States after the committee has raised $10,000,000.. .1900 Department-store taxation law declared unconstitutional.... Feb. 20, 1900 June 18, 1896 The People's Party National Convention meets at St. Louis.... July 24, 1896 The street-railroad system of St. Louis sold to a New York syndicate for $8,500,000. . Deo. 7, 1898 Tornado in northern part of the State (forty-two persons killed, over 100 injured)... ..April 27, 1899 ed The great trolley-car strike settled MONTANA Montana, a northwestern frontier State of the United States, is included almost wholly between lat. 45° and 49° N., and long. 104° and 116° W. It is bounded on the north by British America, east by North Dakota and South Dakota, south by Wyoming, the Yellowstone National Park, and Idaho, and west by Idaho. Originally part of New France, ceded to Spain, 1763; receded to France, 1801; ceded to the United States, 1805; successively part of the Territory of Louisiana, 1805; Missouri, 1812; Missouri and Oregon, 1848; Washington, 1853; Nebraska, 1854; Dakota and Washington, 1861; Idaho, 1863. Area 146,080 square miles in twenty-six counties. Population, 1890, 132,159; in 1900, 243,329. Capital, Helena. Sieur de la Verendrye and his sons, with a party of explorers, leave the Lake of the Woods, April 29, 1742; they reach the upper Missouri and Yellowstone rivers and arrive at the Rocky Mountains January, 1743 Lewis and Clarke's expedition cross Montana to the Pacific Ocean. Returning, Captain Lewis descends the Missouri from the Great Falls, and Captain Clarke the Yellowstone from Livingstone, and meet at the mouth of the Yellowstone....1805 Emanuel Lisa builds a trading-post on the Yellowstone.. 1809 Gen. William H. Ashley, of St. Louis, builds a trading-post on the Yellowstone 1822 Steamboat Assiniboine, built by the American Fur Company, ascends the Missouri to Fort Union in 1833; winters near the mouth of Popular Creek 1835 Father Peter John de Smet visits the Flathead Indians in Gallatin Valley.. 1840 De Smet establishes a mission on the St. Mary's River in the Bitter Root Valley September, 1842 De Smet establishes St. Ignatius mission in the Flathead Lake Valley....1845 American Fur Company builds Fort Benton ...1846 Steamboat El Paso reaches the mouth of Milk River.... 1850 Francis Finlay, alias "Benetsee," a half-breed Scotch-and-Indian trader, settled in what is now Deer Lodge county on Gold Creek, discovers gold.......1852 Gov. Isaac I. Stevens explores a route for a Pacific Railroad from St. Paul across Montana to the Pacific Ocean..... .1853 Sir George Gore leaves St. Louis with forty men, explores the headwaters of Powder River, and builds a fort on Tongue River, 8 miles from its junction with the Yellowstone 1855 John Silverthorn trades tobacco, etc., with "Benetsee" for gold-dust... . . . 1858 Stern wheel steamboat the Chippewa reaches Fort Brulé, 12 miles below Fort Benton..... ...July 17. 1859 Chippewa reaches Fort Benton, the first steamboat to arrive there, but is followed the same day by the Key West July 2, 1860 American Fur Company builds Fort Union on the Missouri, 3 miles above the Capt. James Fisk's first expedition, conmouth of the Yellowstone... 1829 sisting of 100 men and thirty women and children from Minnesota, arrives at Gold Creek, Deer Lodge county.. Sept. 26, 1862 Discovery of gold in the Alder Gulch near present site of Virginia City, Madison county, by a party of prospectors consisting of William Fairweather and others May 22, 1863 Twenty-four outlaws, including the sheriff and two deputies, hanged by a vigilance committee, and eight banished. At their trial and by confession it was found that these outlaws had murdered 102 people in Montana December, 1863-February, 1864 Law creating Montana Territory out of a portion of Idaho approved by President Lincoln.... . May 26, 1864 Gold discovered in "Last Chance Gulch," in Lewis and Clarke county, on present site of Helena....July 21, 1864 Montana Post, first newspaper in the Territory, started at Virginia City.. 1864 First territorial legislature meets at Bannock.. .Dec. 12, 1864 Historical Society of Montana incorporated..... . Feb. 2. 1865 First National Bank of Helena, the first in Montana, organized... 1866 .1866 extinguishing all registered indebtedness Henry Villard, president of the Northern Pacific Railroad, completes the work on that road, by driving the last spike opposite the entrance of Gold Creek into Deer Lodge River........ Sept. 8, 1883 Settlement in Deer Lodge and Gallatin counties of monogamic Mormons expelled from Utah for apostasy......1883 Constitutional convention meets Jan. 14, 1884, and adjourns Feb. 9; its constitution was ratified by the people Nov. 4, and submitted to Congress, asking admission into the Union.. . 1884 First steamboat to successfully navigate the Missouri River above Great Falls is launched at Townsend.. ..1886 Territorial legislature passes a localoption act, and provides for the observance of Arbor Day.. .1887 Coal-mining begun in Cascade county 1888 Montana admitted to the Union by act of Congress.. . Feb. 22, 1889 Legislature passes an Australian ballot .... 1889 Laying of the corner-stone of the new capitol building on..........July 4, 1889 act.. Constitutional convention meets at Helena, July 4, 1889; adopts a constitution and adjourns, Aug. 17. Constitution ratified by the people, 24,676 for and 2,274 against... .Oct. 1, 1889 Proclamation of President Harrison, admitting Montana into the Union as a State.. Nov. 8, 1889 United States penitentiary at Deer Lodge becomes the property of the State of Montana upon its admission....... 1889 Helena Herald first issued. Steamer Key West leaves Sioux City, April 14, 1869, reaches the Yellowstone May 6, and ascends that river to Powder River, a distance of 245 miles.......1869 Congress sets apart a tract near the headwaters of the Yellowstone as a public park; a small portion lies in Montana, bordering on Wyoming....March 1, 1872 Expedition under Thomas P. Roberts explores the upper Missouri from the three forks down to Fort Benton.. 1872 Seat of government removed from Vir- Owing to a dispute concerning the elecginia City to Helena.... ....1875 tion returns in Silver Bow county, a General Forsythe, under orders from Democratic and Republican House, each General Sheridan, explores the Yellow claiming a quorum of thirty members, stone, leaving Bismarck in the steamer including those from the disputed counJosephine, June 15, ascending to Huntley, ty, convene. Governor Toole, Democrat, 418 miles.. ...June, 1875 sends a message to the Senate, comprised Sioux Indians under Sitting Bull, near of eight Republicans and eight Democrats, the Little Big Horn River, massacre Gen. and a Republican lieutenant-governor, and George A. Custer, with five companies to the Democratic House also. The Re(276 men) of the 7th Cavalry, no man publican Senate elects two United States escaping.. .June 25, 1876 Senators, and the House and Senate in Fort Assiniboine, near the Milk River, joint session elect two Democratic United established... .May 9, 1879 States Senators.... ...December, 1889 Uncalled territorial bonds, amounting First legislature of State meets at to $45,000, redeemed and cancelled, thus Helena... January, 1890 Helena selected as capital To block legislation, the eight Democratic Senators flee the State, six going to the Pacific coast and two to St. Paul, until the session expires..... Feb. 5, 1890 Three Indian chiefs of the Comanches, Cheyennes, and Arapahoes, meet near Crow agency to behold the Great Spirit on the rocks (Messiah craze)...June 3, 1890 Rival houses of the legislature agree; the Republicans to have twenty-eight members, the Democrats twenty-seven and the speaker, subordinate offices, and control of committees.... ..Jan. 29, 1891 Montana University opened at Helena; first graduation..... .June, 1891 Sept. 1 made a legal holiday, as Labor Day.. ...1891 Legislature failing to elect a United States Senator, the governor appoints Lee Mantle, which appointee the Senate refuses to seat.... ...Aug. 28, 1893 November, 1894 State University at Missoula opened September, 1895 Blackfeet and Fort Belknap reservations opened to settlement...... February, 1896 First National Bank of Helena failed Sept. 4, 1896 State capitol authorized; not to cost over $300,000.... 1898 Corner-stone of the new capitol laid by Governor Toole...... ..July 4, 1899 State board of horticulture created. 1899 State school of mines opened at Butte Sept. 11, 1900 Marcus Daly dies at New York Nov. 12, 1900 Amendment to the constitution in reference to the Supreme Court carried.. 1900 Railroad accident killing about forty persons.. .Aug. 31, 1901 NEBRASKA Nebraska, the thirty-seventh State of the Union in the order of admission, borders upon the Missouri River between lat. 40° and 43° N., from which river it extends west from long. 95° 23′ for a distance of about 420 miles to long. 104°. It is bounded north by South Dakota, east by Iowa and Missouri, south by Kansas and Colorado, which cuts off a square from the southwestern part of the State, and on the west by Colorado and Wyoming. Area, 76,855 square miles in ninety counties. Population, 1890, 1,058,910; 1900, 1,066,300. Capital, Lincoln. Congress organizes the Territory of Nebraska between lat. 40° and 49°, and between the Missouri River and Minnesota on the east and Utah Territory on the west..... . May 30, 1854 Francis Burt, appointed governor, dies Capitol at Omaha completed January, 1858 Governor Black issues a proclamation calling out volunteers for the Federal army... May 1, 1861 Act to enable the people to form a State government.... April 19, 1864 Constitution framed by convention, Feb. 9, 1866; ratified by the people, 3,938 for and 3,838 against........June 21, 1866 Emanuel Lisa founds a trading-post at Bellevue..... ..1805 American Fur Company founds a fort at Bellevue, 1810, where Col. Peter A. Sarpy locates as their representative. 1824 Fort Kearney, on the Platte, established for the protection of the Oregon..1848 Most of the present Nebraska, and much more on the north, was acquired from France by treaty ceding Louisiana in 1803. It became a portion of the Territory of Louisiana in 1805, and a part of the Indian country in 1834. That part west of long. 103° was acquired from Mexico by the treaty of Guadalupe-Hidal- except Indians not taxed"; the Nebraska ..July 4, 1848 legislature accepting these conditions go, proclaimed.. Act to admit Nebraska as a State is passed over a veto, "upon the fundamental condition that within the State of Nebraska there should be no denial of the elective franchise or of any other right to any person by reason of race or color, Omaha founded. .1854 Feb. 8-9, 1867 |