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See also 1837,

Salaries.

purpose of well conducting the business of each of the said branches, the Officers to be following officers shall be appointed upon the nomination of the President, the buildings are appointed when and with the advice and consent of the Senate: one superintendent, one erected. treasurer, one assayer, one chief coiner, one melter, and one refiner. And 1851. Res. 5. the superintendent of each mint shall engage and employ as many clerks Post, No. 18. and as many subordinate workmen and servants as shall be provided for ch. 14, and ch. by law; and the salaries of the said officers and clerks shall be as follows: 46. For the branch at New Orleans, to the superintendent, the sum of two thousand five hundred dollars; to the treasurer, the sum of two thousand dollars; to the chief coiner, the sum of two thousand dollars; to the assayer, melter, and refiner, the sum of two thousand dollars each; to two clerks, the sum of twelve hundred dollars each; to the subordinate workmen, and servants, not exceeding twenty in number, such wages and allowances as are customary and reasonable, according to their respective stations and occupations. For the branches at Charlotte and Dahlonega, to the superintendents, each the sum of two thousand dollars, who shall respectively discharge the duty of treasurers; to the chief coiners, each the sum of one thousand five hundred dollars; to the assayers, melters, and refiners, each the sum of one thousand five hundred dollars; to the clerks, not exceeding one at each branch, the sum of one thousand dollars; and to the subordinate workmen and servants, not exceeding the number of five at each of the said branches, such wages and allowances shall be paid as are customary and reasonable, according to their respective stations and occupations. And for the purpose of paying the said salaries, Appropriation wages, allowances, and the incidental expenses of the said branches of the for salaries, &c. mint, for the year one thousand eight hundred and thirty-five, the following sums, to be paid out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated, be, and the same hereby are, appropriated: for the branch at New Orleans, the sum of thirty-five thousand dollars; for the branches at Charlotte and Dahlohnega, the sum of fifteen thousand dollars each.

Oath or affirm

1844, ch. 7,

SEC. 3. That the officers and clerks to be appointed under this act, before entering upon the duties thereof, shall take an oath or affirmation ation of officers. before some judge of the United States, faithfully and diligently to per- post, No. 13. form the duties thereof; and shall each become bound to the United States of America, with one or more sureties, to the satisfaction of the director of the mint and the Secretary of the Treasury, with condition for the faithful and diligent performance of the duties of their offices.

General direc

to be under the director of the

SEC. 4. That the general direction of the business of the said branches of the mint of the United States shall be under the control and regulation tion of branches of the director of the mint at Philadelphia, subject to the approbation of the Secretary of the Treasury; and for that purpose, it shall be the duty mint at Philadelof the said director to prescribe such regulations, and require such re- phia. turns, periodically, and occasionally, as shall appear to him to be necessary for the purpose of carrying into effect the intention of this act in establishing the said branches; also, for the purpose of discriminating the coin which shall be stamped at each branch, and at the mint itself; also for the purpose of preserving uniformity of weight, form, and fineness in the coins stamped at each place; and for that purpose, to require the transmission and delivery to him, at the mint, from time to time, such parcels of the coinage of each branch as he shall think proper to be subjected to such assays and tests as he shall direct.

Laws for regu

branches.

SEC. 5. That all the laws, and parts of laws, made for the regulation of the mint of the United States, and for the government of the officers and lation of mint persons employed therein, and for the punishment of all offences con- extended to the nected with the mint or coinage of the United States, shall be, and the same are hereby, declared to be in full force, in relation to each of the branches of the mint by this act established, so far as the same shall be applicable thereto.

Stat. at Large, CHAP. III. Vol. V. p. 136.

Act of April

2, 1792, ch. 16.
Act of March
3, 1835, ch. 37.
Act of Feb. 27,
1843, ch. 46.
Act of April 2,
1844, ch. 7.
Officers.
Duties of.
Director.

Treasurer.

Assayer.

Melter and refiner.

Chief coiner.

Engraver.

Appointment of assistants and

clerks.

No. 10. JANUARY 18, 1837.

- An Act supplementary to the Act entitled "An Act establishing a Mint, and regulating the Coins of the United States."

Be it enacted, &c. That the officers of the mint of the United States shall be a director, a treasurer, an assayer, a melter and refiner, a chief coiner and an engraver, to be appointed by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.

SEC. 2. That the respective duties of the officers of the mint shall be as follows:

First. The director shall have the control and management of the mint, the superintendence of the officers and persons employed therein, and the general regulation and supervision of the business of the several branches. And in the month of January of every year he shall make report to the President of the United States of the operations of the mint and its branches for the year preceding. And also to the Secretary of the Treasury, from time to time, as said Secretary shall require, setting forth all the operations of the mint subsequent to the last report made upon the subject.

Second. The treasurer shall receive, and safely keep all moneys which shall be for the use and support of the mint; shall keep all the current accounts of the mint, and pay all moneys due by the mint, on warrants from the director. He shall receive all bullion brought to the mint for coinage; shall be the keeper of all bullion and coin in the mint, except while the same is legally placed in the hands of other officers, and shall, on warrants from the director, deliver all coins struck at the mint to the persons to whom they shall be legally payable. And he shall keep regular and faithful accounts of all the transactions of the mint, in bullion and coins, both with the officers of the mint and the depositors; and shall present, quarter-yearly, to the Treasury Department of the United States, according to such forms as shall be prescribed by that department, an account of the receipts and disbursements of the mint, for the purpose of being adjusted and settled.

Third. The assayer shall carefully assay all metals used in coinage, whenever such assays are required in the operations of the mint; and he shall also make assays of coins whenever instructed to do so by the director.

Fourth. The melter and refiner shall execute all the operations which are necessary in order to form ingots of standard silver or gold, suitable for the chief coiner, from the metals legally delivered to him for that purpose.

Fifth. The chief coiner shall execute all the operations which are necessary in order to form coins, conformable in all respects to the law, from the standard silver and gold ingots, and the copper planchets, legally delivered to him for this purpose.

Sixth. The engraver shall prepare and engrave, with the legal devices and inscriptions, all the dies used in the coinage of the mint and its branches.

SEC. 3. That the director shall appoint, with the approbation of the President, assistants to the assayer, melter and refiner, chief coiner, and engraver, and clerks for the director and treasurer, whenever, on representation made by the director to the President, it shall be the opinion of the President that such assistants or clerks are necessary. And it Their duties. shall be the duty of the assistants to aid their principals in the execution of their respective offices, and of the clerks to perform such duties as shall be prescribed for them by the director.

Vacancies in

SEC. 4. That whenever any officer of the mint shall be temporarily case of tempo- absent, on account of sickness, or any other sufficient cause, it shall be rary absence lawful for the director, with the assent of said officer, to appoint some

how filled.

person attached to the mint, to act in the place of such officer during his absence, and that the director shall employ such workmen and servants in the mint as he shall from time [to time] find necessary.

Employment

of workmen and
servants.
Oath to be

SEC. 5. That every officer, assistant, and clerk of the mint, shall, before he enters upon the execution of his office, take an oath or affirmation taken. before some judge of the United States, or judge of the superior court or any court of record of any State, faithfully and diligently to perform the duties thereof.

Bonds re

SEC. 6. That the following officers of the mint, before entering upon the execution of their respective offices, shall become bound to the United quired. States, with one or more sureties, to the satisfaction of the Secretary of the Treasury, in the sums hereinafter mentioned, with condition for the faithful and diligent performance of the duties of their offices, viz: The treasurer in the sum of ten thousand dollars; the assayer in the sum of five thousand dollars; the melter and refiner in the sum of ten thousand dollars; the chief coiner in the sum of ten thousand dollars. And that similar bonds may also be required of the assistants and clerks, in such sums as the director shall determine, with the approbation of the Secretary of the Treasury.

SEC. 7. That there shall be allowed to the officers of the mint the fol

Salaries of offiassistants.

lowing salaries per annum: To the director, for his services, including cers, clerks, and travelling expenses incurred in visiting the different branches, and all 1854, ch. 242, other charges whatever, three thousand five hundred dollars; to the § 13. treasurer, assayer, melter and refiner, chief coiner, and engraver, each, two thousand dollars; to the assistants and clerks, such annual salaries shall be allowed as the director may determine, with the approbation of the President: Provided, That an assistant shall not receive more than fifteen hundred dollars; and that a clerk shall not receive more than twelve hundred dollars; to the workmen and servants shall be allowed Wages of such wages, to be determined by the director, as may be customary and workmen and reasonable, according to their respective stations and occupations; and that the salaries provided for in this section shall be payable in quarterly instalments.

SEC. 8. That the standard for both gold and silver coins of the United States shall hereafter be such, that of one thousand parts by weight, nine hundred shall be of pure metal, and one hundred of alloy; and the alloy of the silver coins shall be of copper; and the alloy of the gold coins shall be of copper and silver, provided that the silver do not exceed one half of the whole alloy.

Proviso.

servants.

Standard for

coins.

gold and silver Alloys.

SEC. 9. That of the silver coins, the dollar shall be of the weight of Weight of silfour hundred and twelve and one half grains; the half-dollar of the ver coins. weight of two hundred and six and one fourth grains; the quarter-dollar of the weight of one hundred and three and one eighth grains; the dime, or tenth part of a dollar, of the weight of forty-one and a quarter grains; and the half-dime, or twentieth part of a dollar, of the weight of twenty grains, and five eighths of a grain. And that dollars, half-dollars, and quarter-dollars, dimes, and half-dimes, shall be legal tenders of payment, according to their nominal value, for any sums whatever.

SEC. 10. That of the gold coins, the weight of the eagle shall be two hundred and fifty-eight grains; that of the half-eagle one hundred and twenty-nine grains; and that of the quarter-eagle sixty-four and one half grains. And that for all sums whatever, the eagle shall be a legal tender of payment for ten dollars; the half-eagle for five dollars; and the quarter-eagle for two and a half dollars.

Dollars, &c. shall be legal tenders, &c.

Weight of gold coins. Eagles, &c. shall be a legal tender, &c.

Silver coins

SEC. 11. That the silver coins heretofore issued at the mint of the heretofore isUnited States, and the gold coins issued since the thirty-first day of July, sued, and gold one thousand eight hundred and thirty-four, shall continue to be legal coins issued tenders of payment for their nominal values, on the same terms as if they were of the coinage provided for by this act.

since 31st July, 1834, shall continue to be legal tenders.

Weight of copper coins. 1857, ch. 56, § 4. 1864, ch. 66,

Devices and

SEC. 12. That of the copper coins, the weight of the cent shall be one hundred and sixty-eight grains, and the weight of the half-cent eighty1. four grains. And the cent shall be considered of the value of one hundredth part of a dollar, and the half-cent of the value of one two hundredth part of a dollar.

SEC. 13. That upon the coins struck at the mint there shall be the legends of coins. following devices and legends; upon one side of each of said coins there shall be an impression emblematic of liberty, with an inscription of the word LIBERTY, and the year of the coinage; and upon the reverse of each of the gold and silver coins, there shall be the figure or representation of an eagle, with the inscription United States of America, and a designation of the value of the coin; but on the reverse of the dime and halfdime, cent and half-cent, the figure of the eagle shall be omitted.

Gold and silver

bullion brought for coinage shall be received and

coined.

Proviso.

Further pro

viso.

Receipt to be given for bullion.

Proviso.

Bullion de

SEC. 14. That gold and silver bullion brought to the mint for coinage, shall be received and coined, by the proper officers, for the benefit of the depositor: Provided, That it shall be lawful to refuse, at the mint, any deposite of less value than one hundred dollars, and any bullion so base as to be unsuitable for the operations of the mint; And provided also, That when gold and silver are combined, if either of these metals be in such small proportion that it cannot be separated advantageously, no allowance shall be made to the depositor for the value of such metal.

SEC. 15. That when bullion is brought to the mint for coinage, it shall be weighed by the treasurer, in the presence of the depositor, when practicable, and a receipt given which shall state the description and weight of the bullion: Provided, That when the bullion is in such a state as to require melting before its value can be ascertained, the weight after melting shall be considered as the true weight of the bullion deposited.

SEC. 16. That from every parcel of bullion deposited for coinage, the posited for coin- treasurer shall deliver to the assayer a sufficient portion for the purpose of being assayed; but all such bullion remaining from the operations of the assay shall be returned to the treasurer by the assayer.

age to be assayed.

Assayer to report the quality,

&c.

Charges to which the depositor is subjected.

SEC. 17. That the assayer shall report to the treasurer the quality or standard of the bullion assayed by him; and he shall also communicate to the treasurer such information as will enable him to estimate the amount of the charges hereinafter provided for, to be made to the depositor, for the expenses of converting the bullion into standard metal fit for coinage. SEC. 18. That the only subjects of charge by the mint to the depositor shall be the following: For refining when the bullion is below standard; for toughening when metals are contained in it which render it unfit for coinage; for copper used for alloy when the bullion is above standard; for silver introduced into the alloy of gold; and for separating the gold and silver when these metals exist together in the bullion; and that the rate of these charges shall be fixed, from time to time, by the director, with the concurrence of the Secretary of the Treasury, so as not to exceed, in their judgment, the actual expense to the mint of the materials Disposition of and labor employed in each of the cases aforementioned; and that the amount received. amount received from these charges shall be accounted for, and appropriated for defraying the contingent expenses of the mint.

Rate of, how fixed.

Value of deestimated.

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SEC. 19. That from the report of the assayer, and the weight of the posit, &c, how bullion, the treasurer shall estimate the whole value of each deposite, and also the amount of the charges or deductions if any; of all which he shall give a detailed memorandum to the depositor; and he shall also give, at the same time, under his hand, a certificate of the nett amount of the deposite, to be paid in coins of the same species of bullion as that deposited.

Transfers of

bullion by treas

urer to melter and refiner.

SEC. 20. That parcels of bullion shall be, from time to time, transferred by the treasurer to the melter and refiner; that a careful record of these transfers, noting the weight and character of the bullion, shall be kept; and that the bullion thus placed in the hands of the melter and refiner

shall be subjected to the several processes which may be necessary to form it into ingots of the legal standard, and of a quality suitable for coinage.

SEC. 21. That the ingots thus prepared shall be assayed by the assayer, Ingots to be and if they prove to be within the limits allowed for deviation from the assayed, &c. standard, they shall be transferred by the melter and refiner to the treasurer, accompanied by the assayer's certificate of their fineness; and that a careful record of the transfer shall be kept by the treasurer.

Deviation from

SEC. 22. That no ingots of gold shall be used for coinage of which the quality differs more than two thousandths from the legal standard; and legal standard allowed in ingots that no ingots of silver shall be used for coinage of which the quality of gold and silver. differs more than three thousandths from the legal standard.

SEC. 23. That in the treasurer's account with the melter and refiner, Treasurer's the melter and refiner shall be debited with the standard weight of all the account with melter and rebullion placed in his hands, that is to say, with the weight of metal of finer. legal standard fineness which it will make; and that he shall be credited by the standard weight of all the ingots delivered by him to the treasurer; and that once at least in every year, at such time as the director shall appoint, the melter and refiner shall deliver up to the treasurer all the bullion in his possession, in order that his accounts may be settled up to that time; and, in this settlement, he shall be entitled to a credit for the difference between the whole amount of bullion delivered to him, and received from him, since the last settlement, as an allowance for necessary waste: Provided, That this allowance shall not exceed two thousandths of the whole amount of gold and silver bullion, respectively, that had been delivered to him by the treasurer.

Allowance for

necessary waste. Proviso.

SEC. 24. That the treasurer shall, from time to time, deliver over to Ingots for cointhe chief coiner, ingots for the purpose of coinage; that he shall keep a age. careful record of these transfers, noting the weight and description of the ingots; and that the ingots thus placed in the hands of the chief coiner shall be passed through the several processes necessary to make from them coins, in all respects conformable to law.

allowed in the

SEC. 25. That in adjusting the weights of the coins, the following de- Deviation from viations from the standard weight shall not be exceeded in any of the legal standard single pieces: In the dollar and half-dollar, one grain and a half; in the weights of coins, quarter-dollar, one grain; in the dime and half-dime, half a grain; in in single pieces. the gold coins, one quarter of a grain; in the copper coins, one grain in

the pennyweight; and that in weighing a large number of pieces together, In a large numwhen delivered from the chief coiner to the treasurer, and from the treas- ber together. urer to the depositors, the deviations from the standard weight shall not exceed the following limits: Four pennyweights in one thousand dollars; three pennyweights in one thousand half-dollars; two pennyweights in one thousand quarter-dollars; one pennyweight in one thousand dimes; one pennyweight in one thousand half-dimes; two pennyweights in one thousand eagles; one and a half pennyweight in one thousand half-eagles; one pennyweight in one thousand quarter-eagles.

Coins to be

SEC. 26. That the chief coiner shall, from time to time, as the coins are prepared, deliver them over to the treasurer, who shall keep a careful weighed. record of their kind, number, and weight; and that, in receiving the coins, it shall be the duty of the treasurer to see whether the coins of that delivery are within the legal limits of the standard weight; and if his trials for this purpose shall not prove satisfactory, he shall cause all the coins of this delivery to be weighed separately, and such as are not of legal weight shall be delivered to the melter and refiner, as standard bullion, to be again formed into ingots and recoined.

Coins to be

SEC. 27. That at every delivery of coins made by the chief coiner to the treasurer, it shall be the duty of the treasurer, in the presence of the preserved for the assayer, to take indiscriminately, a certain number of pieces of each annual trial. variety for the annual trial of coins, (the number being prescribed by the

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