The Abolition of Slavery and the Aftermath of Emancipation in Brazil

abolitionism abolitionist African Afro-Brazilians agricultural analysis Antônio Conselheiro areas backlands Bahia Belo Monte Brazil Brazilian abolition Brazilian slavery Brazilian society British caboclo Calasans Canudos capital Capivary Ceará chap church coffee colonial commercial Conrad Cuba Cuban Cunha Drescher economic elite employers essay Estudos European factory fazendas fazendeiros Fernandes former slaves free labor free population história immigrants Integração do negro inventories Italian jagunços João Joaseiro José labor force labor market Laemmert land landowners libertos major manioc Maria mobilization movement município Nina Rodrigues nineteenth century Northeast Notícias Operário Paraíba Paraíba Valley Paulista Paulo peasants percent Pernambuco plantation planters police political poor free postemancipation povo production province Província race racial records region Rio de Janeiro role rural Salvador Sergipe sertão sertões Silva Jardim Slave Emancipation slave labor slave population slave trade slaveholding slaveowners slavery social southern sugar tion Toplin trabalho U.S. South United urban Vianna wages women workers