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> Is all his foldiership. But he, fir, had th' election
And I, of whom his eyes had feen the proof

At Rhodes, at Cyprus, and on other grounds
Chriftian and heathen, muft bebe-leed and calm'd
By d debitor and creditor. This counter-cafter

He, in good time, muft his lieutenant be,

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And I, fir, (blefs the mark!) his Moor-ship's Ancient. Rod. By heaven, rather would have been his hangman, Taga. But there's no remedy; 'tis the curfe of fervice; Préferment goes by letter and affection,

Not by the old gradation, where each fecond

Stood heir to th' firft. Now, fir, be judge yourself, 1 Whether I in any just term am* affin'd

To love the Moor.

Rod. I would not follow him then.

Iago. O fir, content you;

I follow him to serve my turn upon him.
We cannot all be mafters, nor all mafters
Cannot be truly follow'd. You fhall mark

y The 3d and 4th fo's read in for is. z So all before P. who reads, be bad tb' election, omitting But and fir; followed by the reft, except C..

a Qu's, Cipres.

b The 2d q. reads Chriftn'd; two ift fo's, Chriften'd.

So the ad q. the fo's, R. T. H. J. and C; the rest led, except W. who from hence conjectures les. But be-led feems to be the true reading. Lee'd is a featerm, which fignifies, retarded by conrar winds; and be-les'd is a word of

the fame origin and meaning. Heath in loc.

d H. and C. read, Debtor.

e The fo's omit fir; the 1ft q. P. T. H. W. and C. God bless the mark. f The 1ft q. worship's for Moor-ship's. g The fo's and R. read Why for But.

So the qu's; W. reads, Not (as of old) gradation; the reft, And not by old gradation.

i So all before P. who alters Whether

If; followed by the reft, except C. k So the zd q. the fo's, R. J. and C; the reft, affign'd.

Many

Many a duteous and knee-crooking knave,
That, doting on his own obfequious bondage,
Wears out his time, much like his master's afs,
For nought but provender; and when he's old, cashier'd;
Whip me fuch honeft knaves. Others there are,
Who, trimm'd in forms and visages of duty,
Keep yet their hearts attending on themselves;
And, throwing but fhews of service on their lords,

- Do well thrive by 'em; and when they have lin'd their.

coats,

Do themselves homage.

Thefe P fellows have fome foúl,

And fuch a one do I profefs myself. For, fir,

It is as fure as you are Roderigo,

Were I the Moor, I would not be laga:

In following him, I follow but myself,

Heaven be my judge; not I, for love and duty,
But, feeming fo, for my peculiar end.
For when my outward action doth demonftrate
The native act and figure of my heart
In compliment externe, 'tis not long after
But I will wear my heart upon my fleeve,
For daws to peck at. I am not what I am.

1 The 2d q. omits zoben.

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So all before P. who reads I'm;

m So all before P. who omits Do; followed by the rest, except C. followed by the rest, except C.

So the qu's; the reft, by them.
The qu's, Those.

P So all before P. who reads folks for fellows; followed by all after, except £.

So all before P. who reads feem for am; followed by the rest, except C and J. But this is giving us the explanation of the text, for the text itself: I am not what I am, fignifies, I am not that inwardly which I am outwardly, or, I am

So all before P. who omits For, Sir; not what I ferm to appear to be. P. has here turned poetry into profe!

followed by all after, except C.

The if q. doves for daws.

B 4

Rod

Rod. What a full fortune does the thick-lips owe,

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Roufe him, make after him, poison his delight,
Proclaim him in the * ftreet, incenfe her kinsmen
And, though he in a fertile climate dwell,
Plague him with flies; though that his joy be joy,
Yet throw fuch changes of vexation on't,
As it may lofe fome colour.

Rod. Here is her father's houfe, I'll call aloud.
Iago. Do with timorous accent, and dire yell,
As when, by night and negligence, the fire
Is ' fpied in populous cities.

u The fo's, fall for full.

w The ad q. the fo's, R. J. and C. read carry't for carry ber; the 1ft q. reads carry 'et, which feems to be a mistake of the printer, who put t for r, and it might originally be written carry 'er, a contraction for carry her, which

is the reading of P. and the rest,

x So the qu's; the reft, Areets.

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Rod.

Otherwise the particle by would be made to fignify time applied to one word, and caufe applied to the other. We should read therefore, Is fpred, by which these faults are avoided. But what is of most weight, the fimilitude, thus emended, agrees beft with the fact it is applied to. Had this notice been given to Brabantio before his daughter ran away and mar

y The fo's and R. read chances for ried, it might then indeed have been

changes.

z The qu's, out for on't.

a H. reads a for the.

well enough compared to the alarm giv

en of a fire just spied, as foon as it was begun. But being given after the par

W. reads fpred for spied; and has ties were bedded, it was more fitly compared to a fire spred by night and negligence. W.

the following note,

Is fpied in populous cities.] This is not fenfe, take it which way you will. If night and negligence relate to pied, it is abfurd to fay, the fire was spied by negligence. If night and negligence refer anly to the time and occafion, it should he then by night, and brough negligence.

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Rod. What, ho! Brabantio! Signior Brabantie! ho. Iago, Awake! what, ho! Brabantio! thieves, thieves,

thieves !

Look to your houfe, your daughter, and

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your bags,

Thieves! thieves!

SCENE II

Brabantio appears above at a window.

Bra, What is the reason of this terrible fummons?

What is the matter there?

Rod. Signior, is all your family within?

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Iago. Are your doors lock'd?

Bra. Why? Wherefore afk you this?

Iago. 'Zounds, fir, you are robb'd; for fhame, put on

your gown;

Your heart is burft, you have loft half your foul; • Even now, very now, an old black ram

to the fame word, is common to Shakefpeare with all other writers; especially where the word is so familiar a one, as in this question. Ovid feems even to have thought it a beauty instead of a defect. Edwards's Canons of Criticism. p. 106.

I would farther add, that by reading fpred the faults (as they are called) arifing from the double application of the particle by are not avoided: for the time is applied to by in, spred by night; and the cause to by in, by negligence. We may obferve that the latter part of W.'s note is not answered in the Canons.

So the qu's; the fo's and R. have thieves but twice; P. to fupply the defi

ciency of a fyllable in the verfe, reads, bo! thieves, thieves! followed by the reft, except C.

d So the ad q. fo's, R. and C; the reft, all for your.

* Firft q. doore lockts.

f So the 1ft q. P. T. H. and W; the reft omit 'Zounds.

8 So the qu's, 3d and 4th fo's, and R¿ P. reads, Ev'n now, ev'n very now, &c. followed by the after-editors. But the verfe was compleat without the repetition of cv'n;

Even | now very now | an old | black

ram.

The 1st and 2d fo's, and C. read, Even new, now, very now, &c.

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Is tupping your white eye. Arife, arife,
Awake the fnorting citizens with the bell,
Or elfe the devil will make a grandfire of you.
Arife, I fay,

Bra. What have you loft your wits?

Rod. Moft reverend Signior, do you know my voice?
Bra. Not I. What are you?
Rod. My name is Roderigo.

Bra. The worse welcome.

I have charg'd thee not to haunt about my doors.
In honeft plainness thou haft heard me say,

* My daughter is not for thee; and now in madness
Being full of fupper and diftemp'ring draughts,
Upon malicious' bravery doft thou come

Tó ftart my quiet.

Rod. Sir, fir, fir

Bra. But thou muft needs be fure,

My m fpirit and my place have in " them power

To make this bitter to thee.

Rod. Patience, good fir.

Bra. What tell'ft thou me of robbing? This is Venice, My house is not a grange.

Rod. Moft grave Brabantio,

In fimple and pure foul I come to you.

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lago. Zounds, fir, you are one of thofe that will not ferve God, if the devil bid you. Because we come to do

h. The 2d q. fad for say.

i The fo's, R. and 7. read worfer. * So all before P; he and the reft, except C. read, My daughter's not, &c. The fo's and R. read knavery för bravery.

m The fo's and R. read spirits.

n So the qu's; all the reft, their for them.

• So the rft q. T. W. and C; the rest omit Zounds.

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