AND INTERPRETATIONS By W. WARDE FOWLER M.A. HON. LL.D. EDINBURGH, &c. Author of The Roman Festivals of the Republic, Social Life at Rome OXFORD AT THE CLARENDON PRESS PREFATORY NOTE I HAVE included in this selection of papers none that were simply critical of the work of others: only those in which I seemed to myself, rightly or wrongly, to be moving towards some fairly definite conclusion on points of permanent interest. Should I be criticized for including some short and apparently trifling papers which I have called 'parallela quaedam ', I should reply that I like to show that the apparently marvellous may be sometimes wholly or in part authenticated by modern parallels. At the end I have placed character sketches of two great Roman historians, Niebuhr and Mommsen, and an essay on the Julius Caesar of Shakespeare. Whether I am right in reprinting and revising papers, many of which were written long ago, the critics will decide. I can only say that they are fragments of work into which I have put my best abilities, and in the writing of which I have found much pleasure, whether in the hurry of a busy tutorial life at Oxford, or in the leisure of old age in the country. I have to acknowledge gratefully the permission of the Council of the Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies, and of the Council of the Classical Association. to reprint papers originally published in their Journals. A considerable part of the material of the volume has not been published before. I am greatly indebted to my old friend Mr. P. E. Matheson for kind help in reading the proofs. KINGHAM, June 19, 1919. W. W. F. CONTENTS PART I THE LATIN HISTORY OF THE WORD Religio. (Transactions of the Congress for the History of Religions, 1908) THE ORIGINAL MEANING OF THE WORD Sacer. (J. R. S., PAGE 15 |