The Oxford Handbook of RationalityAlfred R. Mele, Piers Rawling Oxford University Press, 2004-01-08 - 496 psl. Rationality has long been a central topic in philosophy, crossing standard divisions and categories. It continues to attract much attention in published research and teaching by philosophers as well as scholars in other disciplines, including economics, psychology, and law. The Oxford Handbook of Rationality is an indispensable reference to the current state of play in this vital and interdisciplinary area of study. Twenty-two newly commissioned chapters by a roster of distinguished philosophers provide an overview of the prominent views on rationality, with each author also developing a unique and distinctive argument. |
Turinys
| 3 | |
| 17 | |
Practical Aspects of Theoretical Reasoning | 45 |
Procedural and Substantive Practical Rationality | 57 |
Humean Rationality | 75 |
Rationality as Practical Reason | 93 |
Duty Rationality and Practical Reasons | 110 |
Bayesianism | 132 |
Paradoxes of Rationality | 257 |
Rationality and Psychology | 279 |
Gender and Rationality | 301 |
Rationality and Persons | 320 |
Rationality Language and the Principle of Charity | 343 |
Rationality and Science | 363 |
Economic Rationality | 380 |
Legal Theory and the Rational Actor | 399 |
Decision Theory and Morality | 156 |
Rationality and Game Theory | 182 |
Practical Reasoning and Emotion | 206 |
The Rationality of Being Guided by Rules | 222 |
Motivated Irrationality | 240 |
Rationality and Evolution | 417 |
References | 439 |
Index | 469 |
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Pagrindiniai terminai ir frazės
akratic action argues argument backward induction basic Bayesian behavior Cambridge chap choose claim cognitive coherence commitment conception of rationality confirmation bias consider cooperation Cosmides Davidson decision theory deliberation desire economic emotions epistemic epistemology ethics evaluation evidence evolution evolutionary evolutionary game theory evolutionary psychologists example expected utility explain externalist feminist game theory Gauthier gender human Humean hypothesis inductive inductive reasons inference interpretation irrational irrationality judgment justified Kant knowledge logical lottery Mele moral motivated Nash equilibrium normative objective one's option outcome Oxford Parfit payoff person perspective Philosophy players possible practical rationality practical reasoning preferences principle probabilistic probability problem propositional attitudes propositions psychological rational agents rational belief rational unity reflective rational relevant replicator dynamics requires role rule scientists sense Skyrms social strategy subjects substantivists suppose theoretical rationality theoretical reasoning things thought tional truth University Press utility function utility maximization
Populiarios ištraukos
75 psl. - Tis not contrary to reason to prefer the destruction of the whole world to the scratching of my finger.
257 psl. - Cowards die many times before their deaths ; The valiant never taste of death but once. Of all the wonders that I yet have heard, It seems to me most strange that men should fear ; Seeing that death, a necessary end, Will come, when it will come.
77 psl. - Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions, and can never pretend to any other office than to serve and obey them.
105 psl. - Act in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never simply as a means, but always at the same time as an end.
181 psl. - The labour of his body and the work of his hands we may say are properly his. Whatsoever, then, he removes out of the state that nature hath provided and left it in, he hath mixed his labour with, and joined to it something that is his own, and thereby makes it his property.
181 psl. - Labour being the unquestionable Property of the Labourer, no Man but he can have a right to what that is once joyned to, at least where there is enough, and as good left in common for others.
419 psl. - Hence we may look with some confidence to a secure future of great length. And as natural selection works solely by and for the good of each being, all corporeal and mental endowments will tend to progress towards perfection.
98 psl. - Act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law...