doubled, and, in some cases trebled, if no inconvenience is felt from the bulk of fluid received into the stomach. The general caution never to drink largely of cold water, when in a state of perspiration, is applicable here; and yet it is desirable that sufficient exercise shall previously have been taken to arouse the powers of the system, and to avoid the error which is sometimes committed, of drinking a quantity of cold fluid, when the patient stands shivering at the well, with cold feet and torpid circulation.

When the water agrees, it sits lightly and agreeably on the stomach; occasions a pleasing warmth over the body, and exhilarates the spirits. It will act upon the kidneys or skin according as the weather is warm or cold, or as the person is lightly or warmly clothed. In cases where it disagrees, or to which it is not applicable, it generally warms the patient, by producing those unpleasant symptoms before referred to; and where nausea, giddiness, and discomfort are immediately felt after drinking a moderate dose, it is proper to discontinue it immediately, and have

recourse to other means.

These are the two waters which we propose to consider under the head "Saline Chalybeate," and

* Dr. Granville opened" ore rotundo" upon my friend the late Dr, Hunter, for "having himself adopted and justified in others the assumption of the name' Cheltenham Saline,' or spring, in regard to the water found at the Royal Promenade Room, when in reality

they form a most important and useful addition to the medical resources of Harrogate. A glance at the analysis will shew us that while the pump room spring contains the larger proportion of iron, that in the pleasure grounds has a larger quantity of carbonic acid gas, and of the neutral salts of soda, lime, and magnesia.

Their chemical contents, therefore, are in some

there is no similarity between the two,"-inasmuch as, the latter contains no Sulphate of Soda, and does contain Oxide of Iron, the former of which is abundant, and the latter exists but in a very trifling degree, in the real water of Cheltenham. It seems strange, however, that the observation did not occur to one of the learned itinerant's acuteness, that these "so called" and "soidisant" Cheltenham Springs at Harrogate, were most probably

so called" and so "soi-disant," because they happened like the real Cheltenham Water, to contain Oxide of Iron, with a considerable quantity of purgative salts; without reference indeed, to the particular proportion of the former, or as to whether the laxative qualities of the latter were produced by the same agent. But so it is. Authors and critics who are themselves so marvelously accurate as we have shown Dr. Granville to be, have an undoubted right to be fastidious in reference to others; at the risk, it must be allowed, of sometimes reminding us of the old rhyme

"For these philosophers who find
Some favourite system to their mind
In every point to make it fit

Will force all nature to submit—”

degree different; but for medical purposes they are sufficiently similar to be classed together; although there are cases which present such points of difference as to render one or the other preferable.

The Saline Chalybeate Water differs in many important particulars from those which we have already considered, and possesses in itself medical virtues of powerful efficacy and extensive application. These would be sufficient to make Harrogate a valuable and much frequented spa, were there no other mineral springs in the place, so rich is this highly favoured village in the means of curing disease, and establishing health. This water resembles the pure chalybeate, inasmuch as it possesses the tonic and stimulant qualities of iron, and it resembles the sulphurous in that it exerts a purgative action on the bowels.

It is, in fact, a combination of the oxide of iron, with charbonic acid (carbonate of iron) and the earthy salts of lime, soda, and magnesia; not in such small proportions as are often seen in waters of this kind, but in quantity sufficiently powerful to act briskly upon the bowels-as well as upon the kidneys, skin, and nervous system. Such a compound possesses great advantages, and

is useful in a great number of diseases; in some of which the other waters cannot be used, and in others their use can be aided by this. While the iron which it holds in solution, communicates a bracing and strengthening effect, the neutral salts act as a direct, though mild purgative. Hence the operation of this water, is threefold; tonic, laxative, and alterative; and, with proper management it may be made to answer any of these intentions, with certainty and success.

There are some individuals whose maladies require the use of the sulphur water, but who cannot bear to use it. Either its nauseous smell and taste are so intolerable to them, that they cannot overcome their repugnance so as to bring themselves to drink it at all; or, from some peculiarity difficult to be explained, the stomach rejects the draught at once, as soon as it has. received it, and as often as it has been repeated. In other instances the water, though swallowed and retained with ease, occasions various sensations and disorders which compel its discontinuance. Sometimes violent and continued headache, nausea, pain or distension of the bowels, flatulence or nervous excitement are produced by taking it, and that in some persons, although the