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want of the prayer-book; though it was pleasant, he | don, and also, it is believed, to the Duke of Newcastle,
adds, to see all the congregation, both young and old,
freely using their bibles. Some of the facts of Dr. Tyng's
book are marked by their inaccuracy. He calls Preston-
pans "the last fatal contest" for the Pretender; where-
as, it was the first real victory he gained, and the one
which opened England to him. Ayr, he says, is about
fifteen miles from Glasgow. Short as the ride is by the
railway, the distance is not less than forty miles. The
author was not quite three months in Great Britain, and
any mistakes in this brief journal of his visit and obser-
vations on our manners, history, and institutions, may be
considered excusable in the circumstances.

then prime minister. The letters to the former have been
preserved, and form part of this collection; those to the
latter were altogether disregarded, and are not now to be
found. A twofold interest attaches to the city of Carlisle
at that eventful time-from its being the only fortress-
town of England occupied by the forces of the Pretender
during the brief period that the imperial crown of these
realms seemed to be almost within his grasp, and from
the trials and executions that took place in it after the
Mr. Goldie's letters
suppression of the rebellion.
to Dr. Waugh are pretty full
to the young
adventurer's progress in Scotland, previous to the
invasion of England. It was on the 3d of November,
six weeks after Cope's defeat at Prestonpans, that the
Prince's army broke up from Edinburgh and marched
southwards in three divisions. On the afternoon of the

as

The Farmer's Friend: A Record of Recent Discoveries, Improvements, and Practical Suggestions in Agriculture. London: Smith, Elder, & Co. 1847. Turs is a useful and practical book on a useful and 9th, they appeared before Carlisle, to the number of about practical subject, and well worthy of its name. The plan 9,000 men. The Highlanders that same night retreated of the work, though claiming no merit on the score of to Brampton, seven miles on the high road to Newcastle ; originality, is an excellent one, and the volume will be but on the 13th they returned, and began the siege of welcomed by all that large portion of the community the city. The following is the account of its surrender :— who are interested in farming operations. The valu"On the morning of Friday the 15th, the trenches able information contained in the different chapters has were pushed within eighty yards of the wall. An assault been compiled and arranged from various agricultural by escalade appears to have been intended; but before journals of the day, and other approved and satisfactory anything was attempted the white flag was hung out, and an offer made to treat for the surrender of the city. An sources. The agriculturist may put full confidence in the book when he learns that such scientific and ex-replied that he would not do things by halves; and that express was despatched to the Prince at Brampton, who perienced men as Mr. Blacker, Professor Johnston, Mr. Smith of Deanston, Mr. Grey of Dilston, Liebig, Professor Daubeny, and others, whose names are esteemed by farmers, are amongst those whose articles form the contents. Agriculture has now attained to the dignity of a science, and that publication will prove itself indeed the "Farmer's Friend," which comprises, at a cheap rate, well sifted, carefully condensed, and comprehensive reports and papers, on all matters relative to agricultural improvements and progress. On such subjects as live stock, implements, draining, manures, culti-diers, that had enlisted with the Highlanders after the vation and crops, there is here a body of valuable information, which cannot fail of being of great utility to the farmer. The editor has executed his task with much judgment and discrimination. IIe states, that if the work is encouraged, a volume of similar character, under the same name, will be issued half-yearly. Carlisle in 1745. Authentic Account of the Occupation of Carlisle by Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Edited by G. G. Mounsey. London: Longman & Co. Carlisle J. Steel.

the city had no terms to expect unless the castle surrendered at the same time. In the afternoon this was acceded to. The terms were-that the town and castle with the artillery and magazines should be delivered up; that the men should lay down their arms in the market-place, after which they should have passes to go where they pleased, on taking oath not to carry arms against the house of Stuart for a twelvemonth; that the city of Carlisle should retain all its privileges; that they should deliver up all arms, &c., and also the horses of all such as had appeared in arms against the Prince. And that all deserters, particularly the sol

late battle at Prestonpans, and had fled to Carlisle,
should be delivered up. The Duke of Perth immediately
entered and took possession, and the next day proclaimed
King James, attended by the mayor and civil officers in
It is stated
their robes, with their sword and mace.
that, on this occasion, the health of Prince Charles Ed-
ward, as Regent, being drunk, Mr. Dacre, who had
commanded the troop of horse in the city, deliberately pro-
posed the health of King George. The keys of the city
were presented to the Prince at Brampton, by the Mayor
and Corporation on their knees; and on Monday the 18th
November, Charles Edward made his entry into Carlisle
seated on a white charger, and preceded by not less than
an hundred pipers."

ALTHOUGH, from the nature of its contents, the plan of
this work is not a very connected one, the volume will be
found interesting from the variety of curious details, both
historical and local, which it contains. It is principally
composed of the correspondence and narrative of the Rev.
Dr. Waugh, a Prebendary of Carlisle Cathedral, and General Wolfe, who fell gloriously at Quebec in 1759.
Chancellor of the Diocese, at the time of the Highland Col. Durand was unanimously acquitted. Charles fixed his
irruption into England. This gentleman-a zealous sup-quarters at the house of Mr. Highmore, attorney. Among
porter of the Revolution of 1688, which hurled the the antiquities of Carlisle this house is one of the most
Stuarts from the throne-carried on a correspondence interesting. The following is Mr. Mounsey's notice
with several persons in Scotland, and, among others,
with John Goldie, Esq., a magistrate of Dumfries, who
furnished him, from time to time, with accurate accounts
of the progress of the rebellion. These he communicated
to his friend Dr. Bettesworth, Dean of the Arches, Lon-

The proceedings of the court-martial held for the trial of Colonel Durand, the commander of the town and castle, for its surrender, are given in full. Among the mem

bers of the court on this occasion, we find the name of

of it :

"This was a large, white-fronted house on the west side of English Street, nearly in the centre of the city. It stood a little back from the street, which is there wide and spacious. The entry was by an archway in the centre of the building, of sufficient width for a carriage drive,

which led through to the garden behind, extending to Blackfriars' Street. Under this archway were the entries of the house; and on it, in front, was a large bay window of the drawing-room above, on the first floor. The house was large and commodious. It was anciently called 'the Earl's Inn,' and was in all probability the property and occasional habitation of the Earls of Cumberland in ancient times, when Carlisle was a place of great public importance, and affairs required their presence there, or of refuge from the wasting inroads of the Scots; for in those times, scarcely was there a family of consequence in the country that had not its house of refuge in the town. Highmore's House, as it was called in later times, has been converted into shops, and new fronted; the archway, which formed the entrance to it, is now Barwise's Court,' and in the garden has been formed a street communicating with Blackfriars' Street; so that it is no longer recognisable as a house.'"'

The building known by the name of Highmore's house afterwards became the residence of the Duke of Cumberland during his occupation of Carlisle. The Highlanders continued to advance without check, till they reached Derby, where, on finding that they had three armies in their front, each larger than their own, the officers held a council of war, at which, it is well known, the famous retreat was resolved upon, which ended in the utter ruin of the enterprise. Little could the chiefs foresee the dire consequences of that sudden resolve, so fatal to the hopes and prospects of the Stuarts-so fatal, too, to themselves, and to their descendants. The abolition of the heritable jurisdictions, the extinction, for ever, of all the old hereditary and feudal rights of chieftainship, the scattering and peeling of the clans deprived of their natural chiefs, "the

clearings" that have taken place in various parts of the Highlands, the large emigrations from their fatherland, and the misery and famine that now exist in the heath-covered mountains and lone sequestered valleys of the Highlands of Scotland, all may be traced back to the unexpected resolution taken at Derby, to retrace their steps to the north, rather than proceed onwards to London. The crown, that had been almost within the reach of their chivalric leader, melted away into thin air. The surrender of Carlisle to the king's troops, under the Duke of Cumberland, took place on the 30th December, and his Royal Highness entered the town the next day. The trials of the prisoners commenced at Carlisle on the 12th of August 1746, and the notices of them, given towards the conclusion of the volume, are rendered peculiarly interesting from the allusions made to this portion of the annals of the town in Waverley. The editor has executed his task very creditably. To the antiquarian, as well as to the historian and topographer, the work will prove interesting, and in no small degree useful. It describes Carlisle as it was a century ago, and the descriptions are aided by several well-finished wood-cuts of local objects, some of which do not now exist. The editor has also embellished the title page with the engraving of both sides of a medal, struck by the Prince in 1745. Literary Characteristics of the Holy Scriptures. By J. M. M'Culloch, D.D. Second Edition, with Additions and Supplementary Notes. Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd.

THIS is a popular work; a book for the many, and an excellent one; not the formal treatise that might be expected from a learned D.D. It throughout displays cultivated taste, is written with great elegance of style, and forms a captivating introduction to the careful or

critical study of the Scriptures. The Bible, as a school-
book, is placed so early in the hands of children in this
country-long may it so continue that many of its
characteristics remain unnoticed in after life. All know
that in it are contained the Law and the Testimony-the
its minor excellences, and that besides its originality,
revealed message of God to man; but few are aware of
sublimity, depth, and spirituality, its subject-matter in
brief-that for style and the purest mother-English it is a
book unequalled-" the Book of books." It is this
book which is here opened up and presented in a novel
and most attractive form-although, in eloquently expati-
ating upon its numerous beauties, the author never
appears to his readers to forget that the Sacred Volume
derives its chief claim to the regard of mankind, from
"its revelation of a Saviour, and the way of salvation;"
and that they would use the Bible far amiss who peruse
it only for the gratification of literary tastes. Some most
interesting and valuable supplementary notes are added
to this edition of a work which cannot be too widely
diffused.

The MacDermots of Ballycloran. By Mr. A. Trollope.
Three volumes. London Newby.

Or hereditary right, Mr. Trollope may claim power as a fictionist; but he holds by a better tenure. This ear

nest work, on the social, political, and religious condition of Ireland-for such, in fact, this titular romance is displays at once comprehensive views of the many ills which afflict that doomed country, and nice and accurate observation of actual life, as it is animated or modified by

an anomalous and, indeed, an almost indescribable state of

society. We cannot tell how Mr. Trollope has gained his intimate knowledge of Irish life and manners; but it is evident that he knows thoroughly what he has represented with both power and skill. The principal characters are genuine specimens of general as well as of Irish humanity; and his representations are entirely devoid of both the partialities and extravagant exaggerations of the native fictionists. His sketches, if more broad and highly coloured than those of Miss Edgeworth, have a much closer affinity to her school than to that of the popular Irish novelists of the day, and, if they have less of the piquant and picturesque than the latter, they may boast greater truthfulness and freedom from all sorts and shades of party-prejudice. Take the novel as a whole, and we know not where to look for a truer picture of social Ireland, than may be found in its characters and descriptions. If it be a painful and sometimes a repulsive one, the fault lies not in the painter or anatomist, but in the subject; and occasionally in a desire to inform rather than to entertain. The story exhibits a whole gallery of national portraits, some of which will not easily be forgotten. Many as are the Irish Priests that we have had within the last twenty years, Father John and his curate are as original as the former is true, admirable, and loveable, though painted by a Protestant. Thady MacDermot, the unlucky heir of desolate Ballycloran, is more effective amidst his vulgar, but real cares and griefs, his genuine kindness of heart and sturdy endurance, than the most exalted hero of stilted romance. But it is needless to dwell upon what in our pages the reader may not taste, and we have donewarmly recommending these truthful and instructive sketches, not alone to the cultivated readers of romance, but to the enlightened friends of Ireland,

Rough Recollections of Rambles Abroad and at
Home. By Calder Campbell, author of "The Palmer's
Last Lesson," &c. &c. Three Volumes. London
Newby.

liked that the "Year of Consolation" had been extended to sixteen months-for the sake both of the authoress and the "reading public;" of whom the greater part know nearly all of St. Peters, the heathen, and the postheathen lions of Rome, that they are likely ever to know, until they make a holiday excursion, when all the railways open, to the Tiber; but few of whom really ever have the means of reading much respecting the tradesmen, and artizans, and shopkeepers of the seven hills; whether they advertise, and push, and ask two prices-in short, whether they bear the slightest affinity with Oxford Street, or the Strand, with Liverpool, with Edin

argument, that humanity all over the world minds its own interests pretty well, and very nearly after the same rules; but still one wants to know something more of the principles and conduct of those burghers, who occupy the places where the world's masters dwelt in classic ages.

OUR readers do not require any introduction to an author, whose pleasant verses have so often illuminated our own and other pages. Here Major Campbell appears as a prose writer only--as a writer of such prose as poets write. His "Recollections" are as diversified as the scene of his wanderings "Abroad and at Home." They refer to the North of Scotland, the Eastern Highland Border, with its inspiring legends and traditions, and magnificent scenery; or to India, not less fertile in sights and "Recol-burgh and Glasgow, There is of course the general lections," that imprint themselves upon the young and poetic mind. At the age of seventeen, charmed with the privilege of wearing scarlet and a sword," the young soldier was, at one bound, sent from the obscurity of a Highland Home to the East; but his native hills were never forgotten, and with them are associated his most tender-if not his most exciting "Recollections." Taken as a whole, we may safely predict that his modest anticipations will be abundantly fulfilled, and that the pleased reader for there is no need of the solicited "indulgence''—will, on his request, accompany him as he would a "wandering gipsy who now leads him over the bleak upland, whence the rolling sea and busy mart may be seen; and then into the dense forest, where nature lieth not supine among leafy arbours;" be led "not as by a guide, whose aim is to direct, but by a comrade whose desire is to divert."

Mrs. Butler does not profess to investigate the Roman paintings and sculpture on classical and critical rules. Her remarks are so much more valuable on that account. We do not know that artistes are always the best judges of works of art. Sometimes a difference exists between them and the popular opinion, though in the end the latter generally prevails.

Without in the slightest degree imitating the misdemeanours of some travellers, especially those who, like Mrs. Butler, have a connexion with the western world; she lets us into a great many secrets respecting the domestic life of the Romans which are worth knowing, and gives us valuable information on the subjects of hotels

A Year of Consolation. By Mrs. Butler, late Fanny and shops-those that should be avoided and those that

Kemble. Two Vols. London: Edward Moxon.

respecting the hot and cold baths, the wash-houses, and many similar means of healthful life abounding on the Continent, Mrs. Butler alleges most distinctly that cleanliness is not practised in any country except England, and but very moderately there; while we learn that an abundant supply of clean cold water, or the inclination to use it, is as necessary on the Tiber as the Shannon or the Humber. We can glean also from these volumes the sad want of an efficient poor-law in the Roman States where the beggars seem evidently to have beat those of Ireland, before Mr. Mathew's agitation, in extreme distress, dunning, and perseverance. It is deplorable to find the sweetest scenery and the finest climate of Europe blotted over with beggars the outcasts of a peasantry always half starving amidst abundance.

may be trusted. In the midst of all these details, that MRS. BUTLER'S "Year of Consolation" was passed in might be naturally expected to interest a lady, there are Rome; and her volumes contain a current account of her interspersed minute details respecting the condition of proceedings by the way-what she saw, how she fared-the people, their appearance, and—we regret it for their whom she met, and in what manner they acted. The sakes-their low moral and physical habits. After all the ground has been well trampled before Mrs. Butler's jour-information given in pamphlets, and books, and speeches ney; and with all the deep interest attaching to Italy, travels and sojournings there are not in high repute with the publishers. So many people go to Italy, and so many write without having anything to say, that all new works on the subject, except the guide-books, are regarded with suspicion. Mrs. Butler's volumes should, however, be excepted from the general rule, because she sometimes followed byepaths instead of the common roads; encountered adventures not very dangerous but all the more entertaining—and, without professing to be a connoisseur, has given to those of us who can't get to Italy, very pleasant pictures of the paintings and statuary which we might see if we were more fortunate; and, what may be of more importance, glimpses of the common every-day way of life amongst green-grocers, shoemakers, and milliners at home, which most of our travelling authoresses are disposed to overlook. All her trials and toils -her escapes, and wanderings out of the way-her pleasures and her merry-makings-the practices that pleased her and those that she thinks might be advantageously altered, are narrated or discussed in a fresh and happy style, that makes one quite in love with the volumes, and vexed that there were not three instead of two of them. Sometimes we are anxious to see the old rule of three relaxed even without deference to the paper makers, but in this instance the end comes too soon; and we could have

Mrs. Butler left Southampton with no companion except her maid-servant, on Saturday the 20th December, 1845; and as to her channel navigation, bears this testimony, that though she has crossed the Atlantic six times, she had never spent a more terrible night at sea; but the passage was fortunately short. The customs' regulations caused some loss of time, but in the end Mrs. Butler got to Rouen, and there she says:

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'At Rouen we got a mouthful of dinner, and having resumed our seats in the Diligence, proceeded to the railroad, where we stopped under a species of square gate

way, the top of which was occupied by some machinery,
whence depended four powerful iron bars, with hooks at
their extremities; these having been fastened to the Dili-
gence, the machinery at the top was set in motion, and
gradually the huge machine-baggage, passengers, and
all-was lifted bodily off its own wheels, and transferred to
a set of railroad wheels, upon which it was lowered and
took its place immediately in the train, the common road
wheels being dragged off, I should think with much self-
gratulation by the team that brought the monstrous load
upon them to the railroad. The rest of our route was made
in the dark, in rain, sleet, and bitter cold wind, in spite
of which a second-class carriage immediately before ours
-without any roof or shelter to it whatever-was filled
with poor people, many of them women, without any pro-
tection for their heads but the cap, which the lower order
of women habitually go out in.
We reached Paris at ten
o'clock, and were again craned up from the railroad cars,
and let down on a set of common wheels, wherewith we
made our way to the messageries. It is twenty years
since I was last in Paris, a school girl.

of the Arroux), he informed me that the inhabitants who did not profess to be sporting gentlemen, often threw quick-lime into these brooks, and by that means caught and destroyed a quantity of fish. This was a method of poaching I had never heard of before."

It is obvious that Mrs. Butler cannot have travelled so much in the Highlands of Scotland as in those of France. In Scotland, at least during our younger years, poaching by lime was a common offence; and, although an execrable mode of killing fish, yet we are not certain of being altogether exempt from guilt in the matter. Indeed, we fear, that Mrs. Butler will find the plan but too common wherever lime, rivulets, and mischievous boys, without reference to older poachers, meet. From Autun, the travellers proceeded by diligence to Chalons, and went forward to Lyons by the same lazy and disagreeable kind of conveyance. The French have "If I had travelled more on the Continent, before I never learned, and now will likely never learn, the expirwent to America, I should have been infinitely less sur-ing trade of stage-coach driving. They could not turn prised and amazed than I was at the various unpleasant peculiarities of its inhabitants. Since residing in the United States I have returned to Europe and travelled in Germany, and have had some opportunity of comparing smoking and spitting on the Rhine, to the same articles on the Hudson, and really hardly know to which to award the preference; and after raving at every inn I put up at in America, for insufficient ablutionary privileges, find my-ling companion, thoroughly conversant in all antiquarian self now in one of the best hotels in Paris, with a thing like a small cream jug for a water vessel in my bed-room, and a basin as big as a little pudding bowl: moreover, when I asked for warm water for my toilet, they produced a small copper pot, with an allowance such as the youngest gentleman, shaving the faintest hopes of a beard, might have found insufficient for his purposes; in short, I believe England is the only place in the world where people are not disgustingly dirty: and I believe, as a dear friend of mine once assured me, that exceedingly few people are clean there."

Of Paris she has little to say, but of the country onwards by her route and the villages, she gives more diffuse details. Caught in a snow-storm amongst the French highlands at the head of the tributaries to the Seine, the lady and her maid experienced the discomforts of a French hotel in the wood country-from whence Paris draws its fuel-some such place apparently as an English beer-shop, or a Scotch third-rate public house. The fears of the two companionless females were sufficiently annoying to themselves, and amusing enough to the reader, but finally they were extricated, by the judicious expenditure of sixty francs on the single-eyed host who drove them through the forest and the snow-drifts, over dreary mountains to Autun. Sometime elapsed before his fares gathered sufficient confidence to question their charioteer whom they mentally associated with the banditti supposed, and only supposed to haunt the mountains. Within sight of Autun, however, their courage rose, and rendered them laudably inquisitive.

out a well-appointed coach even on the route from Paris, the first, to Lyons, the second city of the kingdom-its Manchester. In the diligence from Chalons, however, "a gouty gentleman, muffled in dreadnoughts," who "had had a threatening of gout," became an excellent travel

matters; and the chief inspector of customs at Lyons, a most admirable acquaintance. The delays of the diligence were sufficiently provoking, especially as the snowstorm was a good pretext for all disarrangements; but the stoppages were improved, for the inspection of old ruins and curious churches, a branch of sight-seeing, respecting which Mrs. Butler very properly remarks—

"It is extremely painful to me to come, from a mere motive of curiosity, into a temple dedicated to God; my conscience rebukes and troubles me during the whole time, and all other considerations are lost in the recollection, that I am in the house of prayer, consecrated by the worship of thousands of souls for hundreds of years. To gaze about, too. with idle, prying eyes, where sit and kneel my fellow-Christians, with theirs turned to the earth in solemn contemplation or devotion, makes me feel sacrilegiously; and I do not know what will become of me in Italy, where every church is a galantee-show. I prayed as I stood before the altar in this dear little old church, and presently we encountered M. le Cure, with whom my companion (an exceedingly companionable soul) began the discussion about the repairs being carried on in the church, which is a building belonging to the Government, and is being restored with considerable care."

We fear that English travellers, in general, are less refined in their notions and practices on this subject than this lady. There are a rudeness and indecorum, far removed from true religious feeling, that seem to think no who cherish it worship not. We are not, in any shape, hallowed thought should rise in any building, where those subjected to the temptations of Puseyism, and have no marked predilection for consecrated stone and lime,

“Our guide pointed out to me a gorge running sharply up, as though a wedge had been driven into the mountains at the extremity of which he said there was a cas-only the feelings of our neighbours deserve to be respected; cade of upwards of a hundred feet. The scenery of this region must certainly be exceedingly charming in summer. The gentleman sportsman at the inn had spoken to me of the fine trout in the streams here, and said that several gentlemen of that neighbourhood belonged to trouting clubs, and had actually gone to Norway and to Canada for the sole and simple pleasure of trout fishing. I had no idea that Frenchmen were ever such keen sportsmen. Reverting to this in my conversation with our driver as we drove along the margin of this lovely brook (a tributary

and those who choose to be rude and noisy in their inspection of chapels and cathedrals have no business there. There is, an evil, we fear, rising from our abominable practice of charging fees for admission into ecclesiastical buildings. What an Englishmen pays for he wishes to use, and the consequence of paying extends farther than the practice. The paintings in this fine old church were not all satisfactory to the visiters.

"The conversation, owing to the antiquary's general enthusiasm for old churches, and the Cure's special enthusiasm for his own old church, was extremely amusing and interesting to me. The former objected vehemently to some wretched engravings surrounding the walls, representing the seven stations, as the Catholics call them, of Jesus bearing the Cross. For me, after one glance cast at one of these abominations-I had forborne to look again-all representations of Christ being revolting to all representations of his agony absolutely intolerable-what will become of me in Italy! In spite of the positive pain and disquiet which these desecrations cause I could not help smiling at the artistical point of view in which my travelling companion regarded the

me,

me,

matter."

And in Italy more complicated troubles in this way were frequently met. Lyons has some fine streets, but on the whole is not certainly superior to our manufacturing towns; in many respects it is inferior. At Marseilles the travellers found English friends in a family established there in some branch of manufactures, which should be prosperous, as we are told that everything at Marseilles is inordinately dear. Certainly the following account of the patriarchal way in which the workmen and their employers live and mingle is very pleasant :

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The enterprise has gone on thriving, the works increasing, the buildings and establishments growing every year, adding to the number of workmen and the importance of the undertaking; the French merchants and masters remaining amazed at this success, where they had predicted the most signal failures; the civil authorities inquiring of Mr. the average amount of crime, and receiving for answer that they had no instance of crime whatever among them-petty misdemeanours, which were visited by the universal indignation and reprobation of the workmen themselves, but no crime; Government enterprises of the same description sending to request to see the rules by which the establishment was governed, receiving for answer that there was no written or printed rules or specific code of government, that a feeling of mutual confidence and respect, justice on both hands, honourable dealings from master to man, ample compensation in the shape of high wages, and that which is a thousand times more efficient, a consciousness, on the part of the men, of being treated with humanity and with sympathy; these were the only laws existing between them and their dependents. Oh! my dear, dear countrymen, how truly I believe that you, and you alone, could have achieved such a noble triumph. My heart melted, and my eyes filled with tears, while listening to these most interesting details, and I could not repress a feeling of patriotic pride in the belief that none but Englishmen could thus have undertaken and thus accomplished.

"Mr.

went on to tell me some details of the yearly celebration of his father's birth-day by his workmen, to whom on that day they gave a dinner, to which all the civil authorities and principal people of the town, their ladies and friends, are invited, when these five hundred men march in two by two, the apprentices carrying large baskets of nosegays, which they distribute to the lady guests-a tribute from the work men themselves to their master's friends. An abundant repast is furnished them, wine à discrétion; and, in the midst of the most unbounded gaiety and enjoyment, not a single instance of intoxication is seen; nor does the destruction of any sort amount to more than the accidental breakage of a few plates and glasses. Mr. opens on this occasion his own garden to his workmen, and not a single flower is touched, not a box-border trodden on; and Mr. told me that, on one of these occasions, hastening himself to the place where he was going to superintend some fire-works which were to be let off, he was jumping over one of the beds in his father's garden, when one of the workmen not recognising him, seized him by the collar, exclaiming-‘Ah, malheureux, tu abuses de la confiance qu'on nous montre, en détruisant le jardin de M.' The mistake was soon

discovered, and the young master thanked his workman for the zeal with which he defended his father's property. He said that few of the spectators of this truly patriarchal fete remained unmoved at the greeting between his father and the men; and I can well believe it, for the mere description of it affected me profoundly. God prosper the work! These men are missionaries in the strictest sense of the term. Dismissal and his father's censure are the only punishments among them. Towards three o'clock, Mrs. called for me to drive with her on the Prado."

It is, however, a great mistake to suppose, as many travellers who know more of foreign countries than their own assume, that English artizans would not be equally attentive to bare borders. Wherever botanical gardens have been open to them, there has been no wilful destruction of flowers and borders.

Ecclesiastical affairs amongst the small Protestant community of Marseilles are not prosperous; but we fear that there is no necessity for taking a journey to Marseilles in order to meet with a dead worship.

out to me the French Protestant Church. "At a few steps from the hotel, Mme. pointed Upon asking her husband some questions respecting the service and congregation here, he informed me that it was the same as the Church de L' Oratoire, the French Calvinist service, that there were not above twenty seats permanently retained for the year; and of these twenty it was extremely rare that half should be occupied; that the elders whose presence was in some sort expected as a and one which for the most part they were glad to escape matter of decorum, appeared only as a pure ceremony, as often as possible. That the service and preaching were utterly uninteresting to the people, and the congreThis was gation meagre and indifferent in the extreme. a sad account; and yet what is to be done, when the alone, beckoning, with languid hands, a people whose mere empty form of religion, a dead corpse, stands up hearts are dead to a dead worship? Who can wonder that living men who think, and women who feel, should God! how wonderful it is that that religion whose very feel but little within them to answer to such a call? Good essence is immortal, the element of incessant activity, of become such a thing as for the most part through endless progress, strength, vitality, spirituality, should Christendom it is! Nevertheless, it cannot perish, and doubtless these people will in good time reject these stones that are given them for the bread of life, and these stagnant waters, so different from the well of living waters, that Christ has promised to them that believe in him.

the shops were brought home this morning, as well as Sunday, 4th January.-Things that I had ordered at my linen from the washerwoman's. We have now been travelling three weeks in France, and of course this desecration of Sunday is no surprise."

The Mediterranean was angry, like the English channe' when Mrs. Butler left Marseilles, and partly destroyed the pleasure of the voyage; which was farther lessened by the aggravating conduct of the proprietors of the Leopoldo Secondo steamer, who charged 32 francs for the voyage-meals inclusive-but then they only give meals when the vessel is in motion, when, in a stormy day, they cannot be of much use; and charge for them when the ship is in any of the harbours exactly at the time when any good could be got out of them. We shall certainly not take Leopoldo Secundo, unless better may not be, for the voyage from Marseilles to Civita Vecchia. At the latter place, Mrs. Butler paid for seats by the Diligence to Rome-the conveyance for the mails of his Holiness the Pope-without seeing the dirty vehicle that does the work-a piece of imprudence of which she warns other travellers. But the day was brilliant, the country

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