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right, presenting the concave of the half moon, they thus form, to the Castle of Neidpath and its accompaniments. These consist of a little flat semicircular haugh, from behind which rises a steep bank of considerable height, grassy in most parts, but terminating to the west, where it faces the first curve of the stream in a bluff and somewhat craggy head, on the summit of which the castle rises in all its grandeur. The approach to it is from the east, by beautiful ranges of artificial terraces, one rising above the other all the way back to the road, whence the northern natural enclosures of the defile rise steep and abThese terraces were, doubtless, kept in

Castle. Throughout all the various changes which this country has undergone, this must have always been one of its most beautiful scenes; and, striking as it now is, we have reason to think that it never was seen under circumstances so disadvantageous at any former period of its history, save, indeed, at the very time when the timber had been recently demolished. This sad slaughter was committed by the last Duke of Queensberry, (old Q, as he was called,) by whose orders the whole of the magnificent wood that grew here was cut down. The greatest part of it was of the noblest description, and the beeches were especially talked of as being very remark-rupt. able. But what did that old living automaton, trim order during the more peaceful periods of its old Q, care for this bonny sylvan scene in Peebles-history; but now they and the gardens are little shire, which, perhaps, his eyes had never looked more than merely traceable. Nay, the old tower upon, or, if he had seen it, what was it to him?— itself may indeed be said to be now more than the latter part of whose useless life was spent in half ruinous and hardly habitable. sitting in a sort of semi-animate state on his terrace in front of his house, near Hyde Park Corner, trying to vivify himself in the rays of the sun, and gloating through his large opera-glass on the lovely forms and faces that filled the open carriages, or cantered along on horseback, in their way to and from the Park! Alas! how often is poor Nature deformed and disfigured by the want of the master's eye and arresting hand! and how often by the master having no eye for her beauties: as well as by the dire necessities created by extravagance! There are few parts of the Tweed that are calculated to excite so many interesting associations in a mind at all open to romantic speculations as this pass. At all periods of the history of the country it must have been important—and the stirring scenes of interest, of ambush, of skirmish, of gallant defence, and of ruthless plunder, that must have taken place here, both before the formidable stronghold of Neidpath was built, and after that event, would be found to equal the number of the leaves that once grew upon the trees of its woods, which old Q. annihilated, if we could only unrol them from the depths of oblivion, into which they have fallen. With such views as these, we must confess our astonishment that our friend, Sir Walter Scott, should have published his two large tomes of "Border Antiquities," and given no niche in the work to Neidpath Castle.

The river Tweed, which has for some distance above this point had a rather wide and open country on both its banks, here enters and entirely occupies the bottom of a ravine guarded by high precipitous rocky steeps on either side, but especially on the left, along which the modern road has been cut with so much difficulty, as may enable us to judge what the Pass was in the olden time, before any such road existed. These banks are now covered with thriving timber, planted, we believe, by the present proprietor, the Earl of Wemyss, who, at old Q's death, succeeded to this property, together with the Earldom of March. After clearing the narrow part of the pass, the river and its southern banks make a bold sweep to the

We have searched in vain, even in old Pennecuick, as well as in our friend, Mr. Robert Chambers, for any certain account of the period when Neidpath Castle was built. All the old Doctor tells us is, that it was anciently called the Castle of Peebles. We may guess at its antiquity from the fact, that it was originally a seat of the powerful Frasers, Lords of Oliver Castle; and we have already stated that the last of their line conquered the English in 1303, near Roslin, in three pitched battles in one day. It affords one of the largest and most formidable specimens of the simple tower--that is, of course, leaving unnoticed the usual smaller external defences-that may be anywhere seen. The walls are eleven feet thick, and built with the ancient indestructible cement which is so well known to have been used in all such erections; and so solid was the texture of the masonry, that, previous to 1775, a staircase was cut with perfect impunity out of the thickness of the wall. An examination of all the curious passages and apartments of this romantic stronghold will be found extremely interesting to all persons who, like us, are fond of such investigations. For our part, we never shall forget the excitement produced in our minds by that of the day on which we first saw it. At the top of the south-western angle of the Tower, a large mass of the masonry had fallen, and laid open a chamber roofed with a Gothic arch of stone, from the centre of which swung, brating with every heavy gust of wind, an enormous iron ring. To what strange and wild horrors did this not awaken the fancy? We confess that it made a strong impression on our minds, and we afterwards contrived to turn it to tolerable account in one of our fictions. What powerful people must these Frasers have been whilst in possession of such a key as Neidpath was to their extensive country, which lay between it and Oliver Castle, over which they possessed the most despotic control! There are some fine subjects for the artist in this pass; and one view which opens downwards towards Peebles, and the more distant country, is extremely rich. below Neidpath.

(To be continued.)

vi

Peebles stands about a mile

LITERARY REGISTER.

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It is no disparagement to the " 'Pilgrimage' to say that it is a religious novel. So is the "Pilgrim's Progress" of Bunyan a religious novel, abounding in the finest elements of poetic romance; so indeed is the "Paradise Lost." But although these great examples did not exist, the world of the nineteenth century has, even in its most serious section, pretty well got over its prejudice against novels, whether religious or secular; and the frame-work of a story is now as freely adopted to convey warnings, to inculcate moral lessons, and to insinuate all sorts of doctrines, as the more grave prescribed modes of giving instruction, as the ancient ponderous Treatise or formal Homily. Romanism, Puseyism, Socialism, Political Economy, each and all employ the favourite medium to render their teachings palatable to the wide and general audience which they seek to interest. Here the designed object is to set forth evangelical doctrines in opposition

to, or rather as the antidote of the modern rationalism which is understood to be so extensively diffused in Protestant Germany and the Swiss Cantons.

The story is of the most simple construction; Frederick Vollbrecht, a young student of great abilities, and a pure and virtuous character, is, nevertheles, deeply tainted with the sceptical, if not positively infidel opinions of "Young Germany." As a pupil he has the daughter and only child of a very wealthy old merchant, a religious man; whose opinions are strictly evangelical. In the love of bold investigation and in rash self-confidence, Vollbrecht found a kindred spirit in the young Caroline Werner; yet theirs is not an Abelard and Heloise storyand the student finds a gentler maiden whose meekness, amiability, and piety tend to win him back from dangerous speculations, and lead him at last to embrace the pure faith recommended to him by the life and death of his excellent mother, and of all who were wise and worthy in the circle of his friends. The history of Caroline, rich, vain, and ambitious, exemplifies, on the contrary, the evil tendency of the sceptical opinions imbibed in her youth. A main instrument in the recovery or conversion of Frederick is a Swiss pastor, who, with his family group and his flock, forms a series of charming Oberlin pictures. There are many other characters in the story, of which, as of course, the good and innocent, and also the penitent transgressors, become at last evangelical Christians. Even the Countess Caroline-who had long mingled, as the object of devoted admiration, in the sceptical circles of Paris, and with the freedom claimed

To English readers the most original part of the volume will be that which unfolds the views that at present are making progress in America, which threaten to overrun Germany, and which, by many of those who entertain them, are hailed as the precursor of a new and greater Reformation than that of Luther. As the most recondite specimen of the work which we can hit upon, we therefore select the first dangerous conversation of the sceptical student with his congenial pupil.

"Thus," said Vollbrecht, who had just concluded a history of the Reformation, coupled with comments on its beneficial influence on the world at large, "thus we see in Luther the long-desired dawn of a new and brighter day. I say the dawn, for the day itself is even yet not everywhere fully come."

"What do you mean by that, Mr. Vollbrecht ?" asked Caroline. termed a light of the Gospel, and even in his days, as you "I think I have generally heard Luther yourself lately told me, the Lutherans boasted of no longer sitting in darkness and the shadow of death, but of being enlightened with the true light, and living in the day of salvation."

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"And why not?" interrupted Caroline, impetuously. "Of what consequence is it in what exact order, or time, wisdom is obtained? True knowledge is always in place, and suits to every time; and as to my father-I am aware indeed that he did not expect direct religious instruction from you-but then, Mr. Vollbrecht, it appears to me that religion is a subject which must necessarily be indirectly interwoven in every branch of knowledge or well be carried on without at least showing what is the science, consequently that historical instruction cannot teacher's belief. Besides-this is after all but a little whim of my father's :-my dear good papa cannot imagine any other times or any other youth than just his own things is in fact an unextinguishable law of our nature. times and his own young days; and yet, progress in all If then, Mr. Vollbrecht, you do not consider yourself entitled to make me a degrading exception to this law of do hope I possess, and yet an unseasonable, I could almost advancement, I entreat you may go on. Wings to fly I say an inoculated dread forbids my preparing them for flight."

Thus called on, I must obey," replied the tutor. "We have just spoken figuratively of the dawn and the Nazareth, was unquestionably such a light of the world, risen day of truth and wisdom. Jesus, the Sage of and called himself so. He brought freedom to the slaves of the Law; and in overthrowing blind obedience to a written law, he proclaimed at once the dignity and the task of man to consist in a rational development of his mental powers. Hence his declaration, Heaven is not without but within you,' and thereby he gave back to mankind that spiritual freedom, and those inalienable rights, wrested from them by the tyranny of individuals of their which, though originally bestowed by God, had been own species. Hence, too, he refrained from perpetuating his doctrines by writing, but preferred implanting them as a free seed in the hearts of men. But human kind could

by a very rich, beautiful, and independent widow, had not endure the bright and dazzling light. Even his own chosen her brilliant society, and organised her Swiss villa fetters of written language, and hence we know not how disciples began to imprison their Master's doctrine in the after the model of Ferney or Coppet-came at last to own much belongs to them, how little perhaps emanated from to the repentant man who had first led her young thoughts heathen slave to the dignity of a Christian Queen, she him. When afterwards the Church was elevated from a astray, "You are in the right, my dear instructor; with- sought to rule over earthly, as she had dominated over out genuine Christian piety, there can be no true happi-heavenly things, and so to the written word came to be ness even in this life." added the soi-disant inheritance of the spoken word

80.

Tradition. That was a time of darkness, and of the shadow of death, which spread over the whole civilized world, in which, while the letter reigned sole and undisturbed, the spirit was dead, and was intended to remain But after from time to time individual flashes had, in various countries, illuminated the night which wrapped mankind, the true dawn of a better day broke at length in the Sage of Wittenberg. It is Luther's infinite merit, that he first of all removed the slavery of the letter. But he could not do ALL he desired. He sought to have given back the spirit instead of the letter, but he only gave the spirit of the letter. Our task is, therefore, to return to that liberty which the Sage of Nazareth preached, when he taught his followers to worship God in spirit and in truth.'"

"And how can that be done?" asked Caroline. "God puts,"

resumed Vollbrecht, "to make use of a Bible expression- God puts his Law in our hearts, and writes it in our minds.' A worshipping of God is in fact only possible in a spiritual sense; wherefore, whoever directs himself, that is his soul, towards God, and retains a perpetual consciousness of the unity of his spirit with the original Divine Spirit, worships God in spirit and in truth.'”

views, and consequently opposite ones to my father. You can understand, therefore, Mr. Vollbrecht, that to spare his feelings I have been compelled very early to keep my sentiments on such subjects to myself. But what then do you understand by Christ being the atonement for our sins?"

"I confess," replied Vollbrecht, "that I would much rather be excused answering such questions."

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No, no! dear Mr. Vollbrecht," cried Caroline, with an eagerness of tone and a flashing eye, which spoke this question to be precisely the one which lay nearest her heart, "leave me not thus standing in the outer porch of the temple of wisdom. Consider," continued she, in a voice of entreaty, "consider that the happiness of my future life depends on your candour."

Well then," replied the young man, "remember what I give you is only my conviction, and, as you will soon perceive, somewhat different from the doctrine openly preached in our church. you, on what you ask of me. Reflect, therefore, I beseech I would very unwillingly rob you of a belief which in the eyes of your father""Leave that out of sight, if you please," interrupted Caroline, impatiently. You little dream, perhaps, how very nearly, as it appears to me, my convictions already approach to yours, and how sincerely I shall bless the hour which removes the oppressive fetters of an inherent timidity from my soul. Speak freely, then, I beseech you."

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"But," objected Caroline, "I have always considered an humble subjection of ourselves to the omnipotence and majesty of God as necessary to the idea of worship." "It is true," continued the teacher, somewhat dogmatically, "a timid self-distrusting being places his wor- 'The church teaches," began Vollbrecht, "that the ship in humility and abasement; but the fully emanci-justice of God could not leave the sins of man unpunished, pated soul has a presentiment of that equality of essence and yet that the best of humankind is so sinful as to renwhich binds him to the Godhead, and his worship of God der it impossible for the Divine Being to bestow happiis, properly speaking, a clear perception of his relation- ness upon him. By necessary sequence, that the whole ship to the Divinity, a joyful pride that earth and heaven human race was eternally shut out from happiness. That are essentially one." in this state of things, Christ came forward as Mediator. atoning with his innocent blood for the sins of man, and thus satisfying the claims of Divine justice, and thereby opening heaven to all believers. You see, Miss Caroline, that God is in this doctrine judged of in a very carnal manner, and you will perhaps feel that a substitution in the moral government of God is highly unworthy of the Deity. The true reconciliation of the human race with God consists in the re-awakened consciousness that we are of divine origin, and that heaven, not earth, is our home; and this reconciliation is attainable by us, without the personal intervention of Christ."

Caroline drew a long deep breath. Her eyes bent on vacancy, seemed to indicate that the mental eye was searching every corner of its prison-house to attain a clear insight into the mysticism whose high sounding words presented a dazzling jugglery to her mind under the name of reason.

"And in what light, then, do you regard the partaking of the sacred supper?" asked his cager listener, evidently much pleased with the sentiments just expressed.

"Mr. Vollbrecht," at last began she, "you unveil to me a land towards which I have for years gazed with almost hopeless longing, and which ever, even in its shadowy indistinctness, seemed attractively fair, and calm, and peaceful. But answer me one question. I ought to partake next Sunday along with my father of the holy Communion. I must honestly own to you that I have hitherto done so without deriving any benefit whatever to my mind, and I am unable to conceive what the Church really intended to accomplish by the ceremony. But we cannot go farther into these novel tenets; and It is difficult for me to conceal these feelings from my have already intimated that master and scholar were father, before whom I am conscious of playing a hypo- finally led, among other doubts, to doubt of their own critical part, although affection for him alone has taught self-sufficient wisdom, and, in lowliness and humility, to me to keep silence. Answer me then candidly and ho-hearken to other teachings. We ought to add that, nestly, Mr. Vollbrecht, what do you think of Christ ?" Vollbrecht suffered a slight smile to pass over his features, and it were hard to say whether it was elicited by the question, the questioner, or the reply he purposed to give; which, after a short pause, was as follows::

merely as a work of entertainment,
possesses many attractions.

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The Pilgrimage"

Continent and Great Britain. By the late Rev. John
Glimpses of the Old World; or, Excursions on the
A. Clark, D.D. Fourth Edition. London :S. Bagster
& Sons, 1847.

tion in America.
This work, we believe, has had an extensive circula-
The title does not seem happily

"Jesus of Nazareth is called the Christ, that is, the King, (or anointed one), because he founded a spiritual kingdom, and freed the world from spiritual thraldom. In the place of the slavish fear of God, he taught the spiritual unity of man with the Deity, and placed this in the most striking light, by depicting God as a father, and all mankind as his children. In the place of selfishness, love of rule, and narrow-minded sectarianism, he sub-chosen. By the term Old World, one is apt to imagine stituted that love which ought to bind man to man with- that it relates to antediluvian or pagan times, to a period out distinction of rank or station; and he removed the anterior to the middle ages, or at least to an era so refear entertained of death as a state of dull repose, by sub-mote as to be only attractive to the antiquarian. The two stituting the doctrine of the continued activity of the immortal spirit. It is possible that some other sage pos- volumes, in reality, embody the account of an American terior to Jesus of Nazareth would have expressed this Episcopal clergyman's visit to some of the principal cities foreboding of the human soul with equal decision, but as the Galilean Prophet actually did so, he is become to us of Europe, and especially of his tour in England and the light of the world, and a model for imitation." Scotland, so late as 1837 and 1838, and are interesting from the scenes and circumstances described, as well as from the freshness and eloquence of the author's style. Dr. Clark's object in coming to Europe was the recovery

66

Very well," said Caroline, "all that has passed more or less distinctly through my own mind already. My earlier instructors likewise held pretty much the same

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Dionysius could, if he chose, spend his leisure moments. This apartment was no sooner finished, and a proof of it made, than Dionysius put to death all the workmen that had been employed in it. He then confined all that he suspected were his enemies, and, by overhearing their communication, judged of their guilt, and condemned and acquitted accordingly. A low whisper at one end of this room is heard over every part of it with the utmost distinctness, if the ear be applied to the side of the wall. Our guide fired off a gun, which took us rather by surprise, and in its ten thousand reverberations sounded like the crashing of worlds."

Of Naples, and the celebrated scenes and places near it, including Vesuvius, Pompeii, Paestum, &c., we have an interesting account, differing in nothing, however, from the reports of other travellers. To Rome, and to

of his health, and the work is in the form of letters to his friends and congregation, containing from different points of his journey, sketches of whatever interested him in the places and countries through which he passed. The design of their publication seems to have been to gratify, more particularly the parties to whom the letters were addressed, and to give the citizens of America an account of the actual state of things, as regards society, laws, religion, manners, art, and literature, in what the author, in common with his countrymen, calls the Old World, meaning thereby Europe, although both Asia and Africa, in relation to history, are much older; just as we talk of America under the name of the New World, that term, however, being more definite than the former. His Continental and English tour afforded him "glimpses" of many remark-descriptions of the many remarkable objects to be seen in able things in the various countries which he visited; but, though his sketches are rapid, they are not without a certain truth and faithfulness, which speak much for the sincerity, as well as for the powers of observation of the author. Here and there we trace some of the peculiar prejudices and associations of an American and of an American clergyman; but though they read strange to one possessing the liberal feelings and enlarged views of a travelled Englishman, they are not without a merit and genuine interest entirely their own. We have been much taken with some of Dr Clark's descriptions. Of Gibraltar, he gives a most graphic account. At present, when so many persons from Ireland are fleeing from the famine there, to Liverpool, Glasgow, London, and other large towns, such a regulation as the following, in force at "the Rock," would be a very judicious expedient, if adopted at the different ports of this country.

"Before two o'clock our vessel was safely moored and had been already boarded by a health officer; and we had in our hands, from the police, a permit to land. As this is a free port, no person is permitted to enter the town, without first getting a responsible citizen to give bonds to the amount of five hundred dollars, that he shall not come upon the town for support, nor break the peace. This regulation is unquestionably necessary to keep the place from being flooded with paupers, and the very scum of the earth. Its vicinity to Spain, and the Barbary coast, renders it peculiarly exposed to an influx of the very vilest population of the earth. It is customary for the merchant to whom any vessel is consigned, to obtain a sufficient number of permits for all the passengers on board. This was the case with us; so that no delay was occasioned by the arrangement just adverted to."

After stopping a few days at Malta, and visiting the most memorable spots in that island, Dr. Clark embarked for Sicily, taking Syracuse and Messina in his way. What is called "the Ear of Dionysius," near the site of ancient Syracuse, is thus described by him:—

"It is a huge cavern, cut out of the hard rock, in the form of the human ear; to reach which you have to pass through an immense stone quarry, deeply excavated, and whence the materials with which the city was built were probably drawn. This excavation, which formerly was used as a state prison, is now occupied as a rope-walk. It presents a most singular appearance. What is called 'the Ear of Dionysius' forms, in fact, a part of this capacious quarry. It is an excavation from the solid rock, of a long room, some sixty feet in height, twenty in width, and more than two hundred in length. The sides slope gradually to the summit, and terminate in a small channel, which conveyed every sound in the cavern to an aperture near the entrance. Thus the sounds in this room were all directed to one common tympanum, which communicated with a small private apartment where

the Eternal City, a large portion of the first volume is devoted. The author had three opportunities of seeing the Pope, Gregory XVI. ; once in the Church of St. Gregory, situated on the side of the Colian Mount; again in the Sistine Chapel, on Ash Wednesday, where he witnessed the ceremony of the Pope's sprinkling the heads of the cardinals with ashes; and the third time in the church of Santa Maria Sopra Minerva, on the Festival of the Annunciation. By far the best sketch of Rome, its antiquities, churches, &c., given by any American tourist, is found in this work of Dr. Clark's. On his road to Paris from the Papal states, he visited Florence, Pisa, Lucca, Genoa, Nice, Marseilles, and Lyons, and some intermediate places, brief “ glimpses" of which, and of the country, with the social condition, manners, and dress of the inhabitants, are given. In Paris, he spent but a short time, being anxious to reach London in time for the May meetings.

The second volume contains principally his impressions of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales, all of which he visited, and was fortunate in becoming acquainted with many of those eminent men, particularly ministers, whose names are as well known in America as in this country. His emotions on setting foot for the first time on the shores of England were of the most vivid description. To an American the land of his forefathers-the motherland of the laws, language, and literature of his country —must always, in spite of national and social prejudices, be one invested with too many bright and hallowed associations not to be surrounded with an interest which no other country can possess; and the commercial character of the two nations tends but to strengthen this feeling the more.

As one of Dr. Clark's main objects in coming to England was to attend the religious anniversaries in London, he at once introduces his American readers to Exeter Hall, and gives some brief and well-drawn sketches of the more eminent men who usually appear on the platform there, as well as of the different societies holding in it their annual meetings. He also gives a very animated account of the streets and parks of London, and of some of its more prominent buildings and places of resort, but particularly churches. Of theatres and such places of amusement these volumes "sayeth not." The author, however, once found himself against his will at Epsom Races, a partaker of the scene of excitement, He had gone down and an eye-witness of "the run.” to the town of Epsom to visit the Rev. Mr. Harris, author of Mammon," who resides there, when, to his

great disappointment and grief, he found he was absent. | He thus describes his feelings and situation at such a time :

"What was I now to do? I was fifteen miles from London, thrown into the very centre of a scene of the wildest excitement and dissipation, without the possibility of an escape before evening. Every carriage all the country round had been put in requisition to convey the thronging multitudes to the race-ground. It was important, therefore, that I should find the coach in which I came, and claim the privilege that had been offered ine .of a return seat in it. But I soon found that this coach had gone to the race-ground. Thither, therefore, I directed my steps. The scene of the races is upon Banstead Downs, about a mile from Epsom. Having reached the summit of those lofty Downs, which overlook Epsom and all the country far and wide, no pen can describe the scene that burst upon my view.

It was not the broad winding Thames, nor the rich luxuriant fields skirting its banks, nor the blooming hawthorn hedges, nor the dark deep verdure peculiar to English scenery; neither was it the glowing heavens, nor the warm bright sun, that poured down his rays of splendour so intensely over the whole scene, that attracted my attention; but the living mass of animated beings that, from all quarters, were pressing forward to this spot, with an ardour and eagerness that indicated immeasurable interest. Thousands and tens of thousands were already on the ground, and yet thousands were still on their way to this scene of attraction. Downs were covered with carriages and crowds of living For miles the beings. Amid this wide and interminable girdle of carriages, how was I to find the coach in which I came? It seemed utterly impossible. And yet, after much search, I was successful. I found, however, that the coach would not leave till evening. Thus I was providentially thrown into a scene which was perfectly novel to me. I could have wished to have avoided it; but, as I was here against my will, I determined to turn it to the best account, and learn all I could from what was passing around me. I walked up and down among the great throng, making my observations as I went along.

"The first thing that particularly struck me was the mixed character of the multitude. Kindred tastes had brought together, upon this great arena, the extremes of society, and into the closest contact. Here were the carriages of the nobility emblazoned with their appropriate coats of arms, and attended with their postilions and liveried footmen; and the cabs and carts in which not a few of the ignobile vulgus had been borne to this scene of dissipation. In the same throng, pressing forward to gaze upon the exciting spectacle, were the gentry and the very off-scourings of the earth, clad in rags and squalidness. In the same group, or standing near each other, might have been seen high-born ladies, servant girls, gipsies, and the most worthless of the sex, all pressing forward, in one broad extended ring to witness the races.

*

"In the intervals between the races the course-ground was filled with rope dancers, jugglers, necromancers, and various kinds of gamesters. On the outskirts of the course were fixed up long lines of splendid booths and pavilions, many of which were hung with crimson and beautiful tapestry. These contained all the appliances and parapharnalia of gambling and carousing on the most extended scale. Over many of these gambling-tables fashionably-dressed females were presiding, to render more attractive the lure to destruction. It seemed as though there was here brought before me, in one concentrated and panoramic view, an exhibition of the world's varied allurements to sin.

The excitement which the races occasioned was intense. I had no idea I should feel so much interest in

the scene.
There are few things more exciting than the
spectacle of twelve or eighteen noble horses pressing for-
ward over the race ground, with the speed of the wind,
while you know, upon the success of each of those animals,
thousands have been staked. As one and another of the
horses fall back and give up the effort, and the point is
now to be contested between two or three, among whom

neither has scarcely half-a-yard's distance the advantage
of the other, the interest amid the whole countless
throng of gazers rises to its highest pitch of intensity.
There is scarcely an individual on the ground that has
not bet upon one of these; and no one who has not been
actually present in the midst of such a scene, can conceive
of the excitement that is felt.
fully aware of the strong demoralizing influence of horse-
racing. In every direction was drinking, and carousing,
and obstreperous mirth."

I never before was so

After visiting South Wales, Birmingham, Liverpool, Manchester, Tadcaster, York, Kendal, Penrith, Carlisle, and other places, on his route to the north, Dr. Clark proceeded to Scotland, and was much pleased with all that he saw in the country of Scott and Burns, of Knox and Chalmers. His descriptions of Scottish scenery and manners are in general correct, although he allowed himself but little time to make himself fully acquainted with either. The same remark applies to his “ glimpses' of Ireland and North Wales, both of which he visited previous to his departure from England on his homeward passage. Dr. Clark left the Bristol Channel, on board the Great Western, on Saturday evening, July 21st, 1838, and arrived at New York on Sunday morning, August 5. Among his fellow-passengers on this occasion were Tyrone Power, Charles Mathews, and Madame Vestris. Altoto many persons it will prove peculiarly interesting, from gether, his book is an agreeable and instructive one, and the number of notices of ministers and of religious matters which it contains.

Recollections of England. By the Rev. Stephen H.
Tyng, D.D. London: S. Bagster and Sons, 1847.
ANOTHER publication by an American clergyman, of a
similar nature to Dr. Clark's
World," but not so interesting.

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'Glimpses of the Old The author is Rector of St. George's, New-York, and his voyage to England, was undertaken with the view of becoming acquainted with some of those who take the lead in the religious societies of this country, and of studying the institutions of religion, rather than the buildings connected with them. The remarks and descriptions are often of a cursory character, and the volume has few of those animated sketches of

places and scenery, which are found in the larger work of his friend, the late Dr. Clark, in whose footsteps he followed during his stay in England. The volume, however, is written in a pleasing style, and, to the people of the United States, will furnish some information of men and manners in this country, which, to the class for whom the author writes, will not be without its value. Dr. Tyng made and some of his remarks on Scottish matters are rather a hasty excursion to Scotland, and to "the land of Burns;" amusing. Every object was viewed with the eye of an American, and comparisons are sometimes made by no means favourable to our notions of things. He was disappointed, on the whole, with Edinburgh, but this may partly be accounted for by the fact that it rained almost continually during the few days he was there. With Glasgow he was better pleased; and on the afternoon of the only Sunday which he spent in that city, he attended the Tron Church, on account, we suppose, of its having been Dr. Chalmers's former place of ministry. The sermon he heard he thought very indifferent, "with very little evangelical point or power." Who was the preacher on the occasion he does not inform us, but he seems to imply that he found the whole service cold and uninteresting, from the

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