Waverley's more immediate guard, were near the top of the ascent, and the remainder straggled after them at a considerable interval.

Such was the situation of matters, when the pedlar, missing, as he said, a little doggie which belonged to him, began to halt and whistle for the animal. This signal, repeated more than once, gave offence to the rigour of his companion, who signified gruffly that he could not waste his time in waiting for a useless cur.

"Very likely," answered the pedlar, with great composure; "but, ne'ertheless, I shall take leave to whistle again."

This last signal was answered in an unexpected manner; for five or six stout Highlanders, who lurked among the copse and brushwood, sprung into the hollow way, and began to lay about them with their claymores. Gilfillan, unappalled at this undesirable apparition, cried out manfully, "The sword of the Lord and of Gideon!" and, drawing his broadsword, would probably have done as much credit to the good old cause as any of its doughty champions at Drumclog, when, behold! the pedlar snatching a musket from the person who was next him, bestowed the butt of it with such emphasis on the head of his late instructor in the Cameronian creed, that he was forthwith levelled to the ground. In the confusion that ensued the horse which bore our hero was shot by one of Gilfillan's party, as he discharged his firelock at random. Waverley fell with, and indeed under, the animal, and sustained some severe contusions. But he was almost instantly extricated from the fallen steed by two Highlanders, who, each seizing him by the arm, hurried him away from the scuffle and from the high

road. They ran with great speed, half supporting and half dragging our hero, who could, however, distinguish a few dropping shots fired about the spot which he had left. -Sir Walter Scott. Abridged from "Waverley."

NARRATION.

Note first, the sentences that serve as introduction to the incident; then observe the details of the incident, and the order (order of time) of their occurrence; notice the few details selected to tell the story, and the many details omitted or merely suggested by general terms, "in the confusion," "a few dropping shots," etc.; observe, further, that the details chosen have a distinct bearing on the result-they are sufficient reasons for the outcome of the action.

....

Introduction: "The rays of the sun a considerable interval." These sentences give the twilight, the broken and difficult path, the straggling order of the march, which all made the rescue possible. Here we have the scene and situation out of which the action grows.

Details of the Narration: "The pedlar, missing,” etc., to end. The pedlar whistling as a signal; appearance of the Highlanders; attack and Gilfillan's defence; pedlar's attack on his companion; confusion in ranks; Waverley's horse shot; Waverley's fall in the scuffle; Highlanders hurry him off.

...

Conclusion: "But he was almost instantly seized, he had left." The rescue effected.

In this examination we see certain principles of effective narration :

I. The Introduction.-The first sentences bring before us the scene and time of the action.

2. Sequence of Details.-Details in narration are presented, point by point, in the order of occurrence,—in order of time.

3. Correlation of Details.-The details of the narration are interdependent, each contributing its part to the main effect of the story. Each incident springs from the incidents that precede, or from the character of the persons of the story.

4. Economy of Details.-The story is told with few details; many actions are altogether omitted; stress is laid on the significant actions.

5. Sufficiency of Details.-The details presented suffice to make probable the result of the action.

REPRODUCTION I.-Tell the story of the rescue of Waverley, following the outline above.

EXERCISE. Study the episode concerning the rescue of Richard (Scott's "Talisman," ch, xxi., "Fourth Reader," p. 259). Note how far it illustrates the foregoing principles of narration.

REPRODUCTION 2.-Make a plan and tell the story of the rescue of Richard.

the picture above.

LESSON XLII.

MEMORIZATION.--FROM "MARMION."-(Continued).

Burn'd Marmion's swarthy cheek like fire,

And shook his very frame for ire,
And "This for me!" he said,-
"An, 'twere not for thy hoary beard,
Such hand as Marmion's had not spared
To cleave the Douglas' head!

And Douglas, more I tell thee here,
Even in thy pitch of pride,
Here in thy hold, thy vassals near,
(Nay, never look upon your lord,

And lay your hands upon your sword,)
I tell thee thou'rt defied!

And if thou said'st, I am not peer
To any lord in Scotland here,
Lowland or Highland, far or near,

Lord Angus, thou hast lied!"—
On the Earl's cheek the flush of rage
O'ercame the ashen hue of age:

Fierce he broke forth, "And darest thou then

To beard the lion in his den,

The Douglas in his hall?

And hopest thou hence unscathed to go?—

No, by Saint Bride of Bothwell, no !

Up drawbridge, grooms,-what, Warder, ho!
Let the portcullis fall."-

Lord Marmion turn'd-well was his need,
And dash'd the rowels in his steed,
Like arrow through the archway sprung,
The ponderous grate behind him rung :
Το pass there was such scanty room,
The bars, descending, razed his plume.

-Sir Walter Scott.

THEME: THE TEMPLAR'S DETECTION.

During the crusade of Richard Cœur de Lion the royal standard of England, while under the charge of Sir Kenneth and his stag hound, Roswal, is stolen. Sir Kenneth is condemned to death, but his life is granted as a boon to a Saracen physician who has cured the King of fever. The physician, really Saladin, the Moslem king, sends Sir Kenneth back to King Richard, disguised as an Ethiopian slave, and accompanied by the hound. The slave offers to detect the criminal if all the crusaders are passed in review before him and his dog.

Cœur de Lion stood on Saint George's Mount with the banner of England by his side. Meanwhile, the powers of the various Crusading princes, arrayed under their royal and princely leaders, swept in long order around the base of the little mound, and as those of each different country passed by, their commanders made a step or two up the hill, and made a signal of courtesy to Richard and to the Standard of England, “in sign of regard and amity," as the protocol of the ceremony heedfully expressed it, "not of subjection and vassalage."

The good King was seated on horseback about half way up the Mount, a morion on his head, surmounted by a crown, which left his manly features exposed to public view, as, with cool and considerate eye, he perused each rank as it passed him and returned the salutation of the leaders. By his side stood the seeming Ethiopian slave, holding the noble dog in a leash. Over the King's head streamed the large folds of the banner, and as he looked at it from time to time, he seemed to regard a ceremony, indifferent to himself personally, as important, when considered as atoning an indignity offered to the kingdom which he ruled. Ever and anon his eyes were turned on the Nubian and the dog, and only when such leaders approached, as, from circumstances of previous ill-will, he suspected of being accessary to the theft of