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exhaust. The above money was then repaid, and the translation neglected.

The latter part of his life cannot be remembered but with pity and sadness. He languished some years under that depression of mind which enchains the faculties without destroying them, and leaves reason the knowledge of right without the power of pursuing it. Those clouds which he perceived gathering on his intellects he endeavoured to disperse by travel, and passed into France; but found himself constrained to yield to his malady, and returned. He was for some time confined in a house of lunatics, and afterwards retired to the care of his sister in Chichester, where death in 1756 came to his relief.

It is remarkable, that Johnson in his criticism on this writer never mentions the celebrated " Ode on the Passions." He concludes what he says thus:

"His diction was often harsh, unskilfully laboured, and injudiciously selected. He affected the obsolete when it was not worthy of revival; and he puts his words out of the common order, seeming to think, with some later candidates for fame, that not to write prose is certainly to write poetry. His lines commonly are of slow motion, clogged and impeded with clusters of consonants. As men are often esteemed who cannot be loved, so the poetry of Collins may sometimes extort praise when it gives little pleasure. "

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Mr. Hayley differed greatly in opinion with Dr. Johnson as to Collins's poetical talents as will be seen in

YOUNG.

EDWARD YOUNG was born at Upham near Winchester in June 1681. He was the son of Edward Young, at that time Fellow of Winchester College and Rector of Upham. In September 1682 the poet's father was collated to the Prebend of Gillingham Minor, in the Church of Sarum, by Bishop Ward. On the childishness of Ward, his duties were necessarily performed by others. In consequence of the prebendary's merit and reputation, he was appointed Chaplain to King William

the following excellent epitaph on a monument erected to his memory at Chichester in 1795:

Ye who the merits of the dead revere,

Who hold misfortune sacred, genius dear,

Regard this tomb, where COLLINS' hapless name
Solicits kindness with a double claim.

Tho' nature gave him, and though science taught,
The fire of fancy, and the reach of thought,
Severely doom'd to penury's extreme,

He pass'd in madd'ning pain life's fev'rish dream
While rays of genius only serv'd to show
The thick'ning horror and exalt his woe.
Ye walls, that echoed to his frantic moan,
Guard the due records of this grateful stone;
Strangers to him, enamour'd of his lays,
This fond memorial to his talents praise :
For this the ashes of a bard require,

Who touch'd the tend'rest notes of Pity's lyre;
Who join'd pure faith to strong poetic pow'rs,
Who in reviving reason's lucid hours

Sought on one book his troubled mind to rest,
And rightly deem'd the Book of God the best.

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and Queen Mary, and preferred to the Deanery of Sarum. Jacob, who wrote in 1720, says he was chaplain and clerk of the closet to the late Queen, who honoured him by standing godmother to the poet. The dean died at Sarum, after a short illness (1705) in the sixty-third year of his age.

He had placed his son upon the foundation at Winchester College, where he had himself been educated. At this school Edward Young remained till the election after his eighteenth birth-day, the period at which those upon the foundation are superannuated.

On the thirteenth of October 1703 he was entered an independent member of New College, Oxford, and in the same year he was nominated to a low fellowship at All Souls.

On the twenty-third of April 1714 he took his degree of Bachelor of Civil Laws, and his Doctor's degree on the tenth of June 1719. It is certain that his college was proud of him no less as a scholar than as a poet, for in 1716, when the foundation of Codrington Library was laid, he was appointed to speak the Latin Oration. Of this oration there is no appearance in his own edition of his works. It is said that in the early part of his life he was not the ornament to reli-. gion and morality which he afterwards became. It is certain that he was not ashamed to be patronized by the infamous Wharton.

His first poetical flight was when Queen Anne added in one day so many to the number of peers. In order to reconcile the people to one at

least of the new lords, he published in 1712 " An Epistle to the Right Honourable George Lord Lansdowne," in which he pours out his panegyric with the extravagance of a young man who thinks his present stock of wealth will never be exhausted, and in which he endeavours to reconcile the public to the late peace.

When Addison published " Cato," in 1713, Young had the honour of prefixing to it a recommendatory copy of verses. On the appearance of his" Poem on the Last Day," Addison did not return Young's compliment. It was inscribed to the Queen in a dedication replete with encomiums, but she was soon called away from this lower world to a place where human praise or human flattery are of little consequence. Before her death" The Force of Religion, or Vanquished Love," was sent into the world; and after it Young published a poem on the occasion of his Majesty's accession to the throne.

Thomas Wharton, Esq. afterwards Marquis of Wharton, when he became enobled, did not drop the poet, as he had been intimate with his father. In him, during the short time he lived, Young found a patron, and in his dissolute descendant a friend and a companion. The Marquis died in April 1715. The beginning of the next year the young Marquis set out upon his travels, from which

See a curious law case between the Dr. and the Marquis's executors, stated at length in the Modern Reports, vol. IX, page 412. Mr. Leach's edition, 8vo. 1796.

The be

he returned in about a twelvemonth. ginning of 1717 carried him to Ireland; and Young having paid that country a visit, it is supposed that he went at this time, when he had an opportunity of going thither with his avowed friend and patron.

The tragedy of " Busiris" was brought out at Drury Lane in 1719, dedicated to the Duke of Newcastle. This was followed in the year 1721 by "The Revenge," which was inscribed to the Duke of Wharton, who, though abandoned, and highly profligate, still proved himself on many occasions the liberal friend and patron of Young. His Grace discovered in our poet talents for oratory, as well as poetry, and supported him in an attempt to get into Parliament for Cirencester. This opinion of his powers was well founded; for, when he afterwards took orders, he became a very popular preacher, and was much followed for the grace and animation of his delivery.

In 1719 appeared a "Paraphrase on Part of the Book of Job."

His "Satires" were the next, and the best information to be had respecting their dates points out the appearance of the first to have been about 1725. The last was certainly finished in the beginning of the year 1726, although the fifth, "On Women," was not published till 1727, and the sixth not till 1728. When he gathered them into one publication, he gave them the title of "The Universal Passion," and it is said this poem procured him no less a sum than three thousand

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