The Metaphysics of DeathJohn Martin Fischer Stanford University Press, 1993 - 423 psl. This collection of seventeen essays deals with the metaphysical, as opposed to the moral issues pertaining to death. For example, the authors investigate (among other things) the issue of what makes death a bad thing for an individual, if indeed death is a bad thing. This issue is more basic and abstract than such moral questions as the particular conditions under which euthanasia is justified, if it is ever justified. Though there are important connections between the more abstract questions addressed in this book and many contemporary moral issues, such as euthanasia, suicide, and abortion, the primary focus of this book is on metaphysical issues concerning the nature of death: What is the nature of the harm or bad involved in death? (If it is not pain, wha is it, and how can it be bad?) Who is the subject of the harm or bad? (if the person is no longer alive, how can he be the subject of the bad? An if he is not the subject, who is? Can one have harm with no subject?) When does the harm take place? (Can a harm take place after its subject ceases to exist? If death harms a person, can the harm take place before the death occurs?) If death can be a bad thing, would immorality be a desirable alternative? This family of questions helps to fram ethe puzzle of why--and how--death is bad. Other subjects addressed include the Epicurean view othat death is not a misfortune (for the person who dies); the nature of misfortune and benefit; the meaningulness and value of life; and the distinction between the life of a person and the life of a living creature who is not a person. There is an extensive bibiography that includes science-fiction treatments of death and immorality. |
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Turinys
Death Metaphysics | 3 |
Death Knocks | 31 |
Rationality and the Fear of Death | 51 |
Thomas Nagel | 61 |
Reflections on | 73 |
The Evil of Death | 95 |
A Defense | 119 |
The Misfortunes of the Dead | 141 |
Why Is Death Bad? | 221 |
Death and the Value of Life | 233 |
Annihilation | 279 |
Steven LuperFoy 267 | 293 |
Some Puzzles About the Evil of Death | 307 |
WellBeing and Time | 335 |
Notes | 363 |
The Dead | 377 |
George Pitcher | 159 |
Harm to Others | 171 |
Reasons and Persons | 193 |
403 | |
415 | |
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Pagrindiniai terminai ir frazės
A-series affairs alive ante-mortem person argue argument Aristotle assumption asymmetric attitudes asymmetry axiology bad thing badness of death believe benefits better bias Bishop Berkeley Bolivia Brain Death causally cause claim concept concern condition consider course dead death is bad deprivation Derek Parfit desires died discussion dying earlier egg roll Epicurean view Epicurus Epicurus's evaluation evil of death example experience fact fear of death feel fetus fulfilling future happen hedonism imagine important indifferent interests intuitions irrational Joel Feinberg living loss Lucretius Luper-Foy Menoeceus ment metaphysical misfortune momentary well-being moral nearest world never object occurs one's death pain Parfit past suffering perhaps person's death philosophers plausible pleasure possible world posthumous harms prefer problem question rational reason regard relevant Robert Nozick S-Theorist seems sense simply Slote Socrates someone sort Special Relativity suggest Suppose temporal theory Thomas Nagel thwarted tion true welfare level Woody Allen worse wrong