Puslapio vaizdai
PDF
„ePub“

DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIONS

IN PART X

BUSY STREET AT THE NIJNI NOVGOROD FAIR.

Nijni means lower, and this place is called Lower Novgorod to distinguish it from Novgorod, the much larger town.

In Nijni Novgorod is held each year a great Russian Fair which lasts for two months. It is conveniently situated on the Volga-"Mother Volga," the Russians affectionately call this valuable stream-and the Volga leads directly to the Caspian Sea. The prices obtaining here control the prices for the whole Russian Empire, and every merchant of considerable wealth keeps a branch shop here. During the busy summer season there are sometimes as many as 200,000 people on these grounds in one day, and during the two months the Fair lasts, $200,000,000 changes hands. In Mediaeval times there were many of these fairs. This is one of the few continuing to our day and it is an experience never to be forgotten to visit the various quarters of the nationalities convened here and to examine the wares exhibited.

FOUR THOUSAND SHEEP IN AUSTRALIA.

The resources of Australia are only now becoming well understood. The interior of the country is a desert inhabited by primitive tribes. It may be noted in passing that men are studying these tribes of Central Australia today for the purpose of gaining a better understanding of primitive humanity in whatever age or clime.

Great herds of cattle and vast flocks of sheep are raised on the large ranches. Here four thousand sheep are being changed from one pasture to another.

INDIAN GIRLS WEAVING BASKETS HOPI RESERVATION.

Year by year the reservations set aside by the government for the use of the Indians have grown smaller and smaller throughout the country. Only a few large reservations are found today-these being for the most part in the west. In Arizona and New Mexico one may see Indians living today much as they lived long ago. They are more peaceable and quiet, having been held in order for years; again, the schools are educating Indian children and the old war-like spirit is dying out. Besides, these southwestern tribes were never actuated with the ferocity of the northern tribes.

With the rapid change from uncivilized to civilized living, mortality is great among these people. For this reason it is likely that in no remote future baskets such as these will no longer be obtainable.

COLUMBUS' FIRST LANDING PLACE-PORTO RICA.

It was while Henry VII. sat upon the English throne that Columbus made his successful voyage across the Atlantic and opened a new world to an astonished world. This is a picture of Aguadilla, his first landing place on the island of Porto Rica as it looks today.

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTE.

Perhaps only comparatively few who visit this national museum stop to inquire into its origin. James Smithson, son of Sir Hugh Smithson, Duke of Northumberland, died in Genoa in 1829. He left his fortune to a nephew, stipulating that should this nephew die leaving no children, the property should be left to the United States "for the purpose of founding an institution at Washington, to be called the Smithsonian Institute, for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men." The nephew died without heirs, in 1835, and over one-half million was paid into the United States treasury for the above mentioned purpose. By 1846 this had increased to $750,000. The government donated the land and with part of this sum a building was erected. It was built to provide for library, museum and art gallery. The National Museum here should be of interest to all citizens of this country, for it contains much that is closely interwoven with our history.

HYDAH INDIANS-ALASKA.

The Indians of the north are wholly different from those of the south. The totem pole before the house records the lineage of the chief who dwells there. Totem poles served three purposes; to mark the burial place of the dead, to give the genealogy of the chiefs, or to commemorate a place of victory. In the National Park in Sitka one may see many totem poles. To be sure, these are now resplendent in new paint and have been gathered here from many places. Nevertheless, this was the site of a battle once waged between Russians and Indians; the Indians were victorious and raised totem poles to publish their triumph.

HELEN HUNT FALLS.

Helen Hunt Jackson endeared herself to the American people as a whole, but particularly_to_the people of the west. Here she lived and wrote her stories, notably Ramona, in which she roused sympathy for the Indians. Many years of her life were spent in Colorado, and in accordance with her wish she was buried high up on a mountain-side. This spot became such a mecca for tourists that the remains were finally brought down again and re-interred. These Falls, a short distance from Colorado Springs, are named for her.

OLD FAITHFUL-YELLOWSTONE.

This is the most famous geyser in the world. Every hour, or sometimes with intervals of one hour and fifteen minutes, it bursts forth with a stream of boiling water. Between its eruptions, which last for about five minutes, one may examine the mound of geyserite, oblong, about 145 by 215 feet in size. This is streaked with rose, saffron, orange, brown and gray-in proportion as the water has carried various minerals in solution. When the stream bursts forth it rises in a nearly perpendicular height, while the breeze blows the cloud of steam above in the air-a "pillar of cloud by day." It is estimated that 33,000,000 gallons of water are thrown out every twenty-four hours.

ROTUNDA GALLERY-CONGRESSIONAL LIBRARY.

This wonderful library was begun in 1889 and completed in 1897, costing $6,000,000. The exterior of the building is built of New Hampshire marble; the interior is finished in marbles brought from all parts of the world, and is dazzling in brilliancy.

514

DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

The Library of Congress has had several backsets. In 1814 the British burned the library that had already been accumulated. Congress soon after bought Jefferson's private library of 7,000 volumes and made that a nucleus around which to collect their books. In 1851 the library was again destroyed by fire, only 20,000 out of 55,000 volumes being saved. The final home of the Congressional library is planned to withstand the storm and stress of centuries.

LOOKING DOWN FROM INSPIRATION POINT.

This view down the Grand Cañon is one of the most inspiring in the world. No river has ever cut down a more remarkable channel than the Colorado, the cañon of which defies description. The rocks reflect the light of the sun and produce a sight seldom seen anywhere. Every year this section of our country is visited by many foreigners, as well as by large numbers of Americans.

A MEXICAN CATHEDRAL.

Soon after the discovery of a new world, Spanish explorers reached out in every direction to ascertain the nature of recently discovered lands. They were accompanied almost from the first by brave-hearted men who wished to carry the Christian religion to the furthermost parts of the earth. Jesuits were later followed by Franciscan monks, who from Mexico came up into California and the Coast regions to teach and preach. The Catholic Church has always found it useful to teach by symbol and painting, and especially where the masses are ignorant, all means of illustrating religious stories are eagerly embraced.

[blocks in formation]

Greek, iii. 341.

Roman, iv. 380.

Antiquities-

Egyptian ix. 184.
Classical, ix. 184.

Apollo Belvedere, ix. 128.
Art-

Beginnings, i. 225.
Of Ancients, i. 15.
Hebrew, ii. 9.

Art Galleries, American—
Metropolitan, x. 225.

Pennsylvania Academy, x. 227.
Boston Museum, x. 230.
Corcoran, x. 231.

Chicago, x. 234.

Art Galleries, European-

Florence-

Academy, ix. 110.
Uffizi, ix. 112.

Pitti Palace, ix. 117.
Rome-

Vatican, ix. 120.

Venice-

Academy, ix. 129.

Milan-

Brera, ix. 136.

Belgium-

Bruges Academy, ix. 138.
Antwerp Gallery, ix. 139.
Netherlands-

The Hague Royal Museum, ix.
142.

Rotterdam, ix. 144.

Amsterdam, ix. 145.

Spain-

Prado, ix. 147.
Seville, ix. 150.
Germany-

Dresden, ix. 151.
Berlin, ix. 154.
Munich, ix. 156.

France-

Louvre, ix. 158.
London-

National, ix. 169.
Tate, ix. 173.

Assumption of the Virgin, ix. 45.
Aurora, ii. 84, 126.

Bachelier, ix. 82.

Barbizon School, ix. 85.

Basilica, ix. 16.

Bellini, ix. 129.

Biblical Pictures, ix. 12, 23, 122.

Blashfield, x. 240.

Bol, Ferdinand, ix. 143.
Bonheur, Rosa, ix. 92.
Book-

Of Kells, ix. 104.
Of Durrow, ix. 104.
Of Hours, ix. 107.
Boecklin, ix. 154, 156.
Bordone, ix. 133.
Botticelli, ix. 29, 113.
Boucher, ix. 161.

Bruges, Art of, ix. 46.

Brussels, Art of, ix. 48.

Burne-Jones, ix. 174; x. 219.

Byzantine Art, ix. 15.

Calumny, Botticelli, ix. 30.
Capanna, Puccio, ix. 24.

[ocr errors][merged small]

INDEX OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE.

516

Carnegie Institute, x. 241.

Carrara Marble, ix. 34.
Carpaccio, ix. 130.
Castilian Art, ix. 72.
Catacomb Pictures, ix. 10.
Cathedral of Ghent, ix. 48.
Celtic Illumination, ix. 104.
Chardin, ix. 82, 162.
Chase, William M., x. 224.
Chiaroscuro, ix. 39.
Churches, Early, ix. 16.
Church-

Of Assisi, ix. 23.

Of St. Apollinare Nuove, ix. 19.
Of St. Bavon, ix. 48.

Of Santa Croce, ix. 119.

Of Santa Marie Novella, ix. 119.
Of the Sepulcher, ii. 61.
Of the Nativity, ii. 65.
Christian Art, ix. 9.
Christian Symbols, ix. 10.
Cimabue, ix. 22.

Claude (Lorrain), ix. 80.
Classical Art, ix. 81.
Clouet, Jean, ix. 80.

[blocks in formation]

Gaddi, Taddeo, ix. 24.
Gainsborough, ix. 96, 171.
Genre Painting, ix. 59.
German Art, ix. 64, 153.
Ghirlandajo, ix. 3.
Giotto, ix. 22.
Giottoesques, ix. 24.
Giottino, ix. 24.
Giorgione, ix. 118.
Gleaners, The, ix. 90.
Goya, ix. 77, 150.

Hals Frans, ix. 55, 145.
Harley, Robert, ix. 179.
Heene, David de, ix. 63.

Hermes, Praxiteles, iii. 357, 368.
Herrera, ix. 72.

Hide Pictures, i. 27.

History of Art-

Pleasure of Art Study, ix. 1.
Early Christian, ix. 9.
Byzantine, ix. 15.
Mosaics, ix. 17.

Early Italian Painting, ix. 22.
Angelico, ix. 25.

Filippo Lippi, ix. 27.
Realistic, ix. 29.
Botticelli, ix. 29.
Angelo, ix. 33.
Correggio, ix. 39.
Titian, ix. 41.
Flemish, ix. 46.
Dutch, ix. 53.
German, ix. 64.
Spanish, ix. 70.
French, ix. 79.
English, ix. 94.
Illumination, ix. 101.
American, x. 207.
Hobbema, ix. 62, 144.
Hogarth, ix. 94, 169.
Holbein, ix. 64, 94.

Homer Winslow, x. 216.
Horse Fair, The, ix. 93.
Houses-see General.

Hudson River School, x. 211.

Iconoclastic Movement, ix. 18.
Illumination, ix. 46, 101.
Ingres, ix. 163.

Inness, x. 212.
Interior Decoration-
Babylonian, i. 302.
Assyrian, i. 321.
Ionic Column, iii. 342.
Italian Art, ix. 22.
Israels, Joseph, ix. 63, 146.

Kells, Book of, ix. 104.

« AnkstesnisTęsti »