A

Adobe huts in Mexico not much worse than sweat-shops of New York, 517 American laborers, very different in habits of thought and mode of life to Mexican, are educated, have many wants, and are large consumers of tropical fruits, the most intelligent of the world's toilers, 506; work of, as compared with Mexican, 522

B

Books on Labor and Wages, list of, 499

C

Carlisle, John G., Secretary of the Treasury, extract from annual report of, on the amount of commodities produced, the main factor of the rate of wages, 555-558

Carter, Thomas H., speech in House of Representatives favoring high duties on Mexican lead ore because Mexico had peon labor, 497

Chicago Trade and Labor Assembly, report of, why incorrect, 538, 539; extract from, 538; some mistakes, 539 Committee of Ways and Means, minority report of, extract on skilled labor in United States, 558

Competition of United States in agricultural products with low-wages countries, 504

Competition of the United States in manufactured products, can compete with any country in the world in production of, machinery cheapens production, Thompson factory at Pittsburgh, Pa.,

504

Cost of living in Mexico, prices of wear

ing apparel in 1896, 532; prices of commodities in Mexico and United States in 1891, 533: prices of food products in City of Mexico, 533, 534; cheaper than in United States, and why, 536; has not increased in ten or fifteen years, while wages have, 537

Crittenden, Thomas T., United States Consul-General in the City of Mexico, extract from report on Mexican wages in and about Mexico in 1896, 515, 516; extract from report of, on prices and condition of labor in Mexico, 528, 529; extract from report of, on relative rise and fall in price of silver in relation to price of commodities, 529, 530; wholesale and retail prices of commodities in Mexico, prices of Mexican manufactures, 535; wholesale prices in City of Mexico in 1886 and 1896, extract from report of, on cost of living in Mexico, 536

D

Davidson, John, his work, The Bargain Theory of Wages, 501

Depreciation of silver in relation to wages, idea prevailing in the United States in regard to, 528; M. Romero's views in regard to, 529

Difference in amount of work accomplished by Mexican and American workmen, 521, 522

Discussion in United States on silver standard in Mexico, fallacious and real facts, 537, 538

Dollars, value of the Mexican, 536

E

Enright, Patrick, sent to Mexico by Labor Association to obtain information on labor, 538 Exportation of Mexico during fiscal year ending June 30, 1896, amount of, 532

F

Factors, principal, in difference of wages in Mexico and United States, amount of commodities produced and cost of living, effect, illustrations of miners in United States, 523; cotton culture, sugar and tobacco, 524; other articles, houses, fewer hands less cost, smaller houses less cost, 525

Fear of United States of cheap labor, Mexico used for that purpose more so than now, England most to be feared, pauper labor of Europe feared, pauper labor of Mexico and Asia now feared, 502; study fails to discern any evidence of competition, gain of United States in exports and imports, 503 Feast days in Mexico, why objectionable, reduced, 542

Foster, John W., United States Minister to Mexico, report of, in which he asserted that Mexicans were generally opposed to use of agricultural implements, 526

G

George, Henry, extract from his book, Progress and Poverty, 539, 540 Goluchowski, Count, called on Europe to unite in commercial league against United States and Japan, 503, 504 Gunton, Mr., article on what workingmen really need, 540, 541

H

I

K

L

M

749

Maas, Paul J., sent to Mexico by Labor
Assembly to obtain information on
Labor, report of, 538

Machinery in Mexico, use of, why not
used heretofore, number of cotton and
woolen mills run by machinery, not
usually suited to soil of Mexico, 527;
not everywhere shops to repair, diffi-
culties of, cannot be appreciated by
tourists or United States representatives
living in cities, 528

Manning, Daniel, Secretary of the Treasury, estimate of number of persons engaged in gainful occupations in United States submitted to, 555

Manufacturers of the United States, argument urged by, for levying heavy import duties, 502, 505

Mason, Carlisle, President of Manufac-
turers' Association of Chicago, asked
information about Mexico of Mr. Fos-
ter, and received a report from him,
526
Mexican labor, why cheap, wants few
in isolated districts, 519, 520; climate,
520, 521; difference of transportation,
531
Mexican laborers, some think are happier
than American, and why, 507; in
somewhat similar condition as South-
ern negroes, 517, 518; can buy more
with money than United States laborer,
518; descendants of slaves, until re-
cently have been living under feudal
conditions, not educated, are now free,
506; wages rising, 506, 507; work of, as
compared with United States, 521, 522
Mexican peonage, what it is, M. Ro-
mero's experience of, 509, 510; when
liable to abuse, 510, 511; why not
legal, Article V. of Mexican Constitu-
tion and amendment, abuses are disap-
pearing, 511; does not mean now what
it did under Spanish rule, 505; mean-
ing of, in Spanish labor consisted in,
why no better in United States, 507;
why abused, 508, 509

Mexican products, had to pay Alcabala
tax, tax abolished in 1895, 526
Mexican wages go farther than in United
States, 537

R

Railroads, destroying centuries-old state
of serfdom, 506; wages improving
since construction of, number of miles
in operation on October 31, 1897, 531
Ransom, Matt. W., United States Minis-
ter to Mexico, extract from report of,
on prices and wages, 512; report on
wages per day of agricultural labor, 514;
prices of food products consumed in
Mexico and exported in 1896, 534; ex-
tract of report on Money and Prices in
Mexico," giving wages paid in City of
Mexico in 1896, 544; wages paid in
Republic of Mexico in 1896, wages
paid per day to Mexican cotton-factory
operatives in 1896, 546; wages of rail-
way employees in 1896, 546, 547; wages
per day to miners in different States,
547, 548; wages of street-car employees
in City of Mexico in 1896, 548; prices
of agricultural and pastoral products
exported in 1896, products consumed
in country, 549; current prices of man-
ufactures and merchandise in 1886 and
1895, wholesale prices of goods manu-
factured in Mexico, wholesale prices per
pound in Mexico, 550; prices of com-
modities in certain cities, 551; prices
at various points in Mexico, 551-554
Reduction of prices in Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and
Maine mills, and explanation of, 505
Richard, John, his work, The Law of
Wages, the Rate and Amount, and some
of the facts laid down, 525, 526

S

Savings-bank system, evils of, 541; banks
of City of Mexico, 541, 542; universal,
needed in Mexico, Scotch bank used in
Europe, 542

Skilled labor in Mexico, receives higher
wages than same in United States, 518,
519; sometimes paid as high or higher
than in United States, produces less
than same labor in United States, 521
Skilled labor in United States, highest

paid in world, produces more in given
time than any other country, 521
Standard of money little to do with con-
dition of labor, comparison with Spain,
Italy, Germany, and Turkey, United
States under gold standard, 530; com-
parison of some gold-standard coun-
tries, showing that silver is not the
cause of low wages in Mexico, 531

T

Tariff of March 3, 1883, protection against
European labor, 503

Theories, of wages, subsistence inaugu-
rated by, and definition of, productivity-
of-labor, is a forward step, bargain,
wages-fund, and definition of, mobility-
of-labor, eclectic system combining all
would be a sound one, 501

Trade unionism in England, evils intol-
erable, 541

Transportation in Mexico makes differ-
ence in prices of some articles, differ-
ence of increased cost and reduced
consumption affects wages, 531

W

Wages in United States, always those of
Western and Northern States spoken
of, not Southern, 517; sometimes quite
low, 518

'Wages of Farm Labor in the United
States," Division of Statistics of Agri-
cultural Department, report on, 513.
514
Wages of field laborers, different in dif-
ferent localities of Mexico, and why,
511, 512; why difficult to present data
on, of Department of Public Works of
Mexican Government, 512; statutes on,
of 1891, diversity of the country, 513
Wages regulated by amount of work they
produce, 501, 502

Wages, tendency to reduce, in big shops
of large towns of United States, 518
Workmen, amount of work of Mexican
and American, 522

A

Adoption of common silver coin, one of the objects not obtained at the International American Conference of 1889, 574; extract from M. Romero's remarks in regard to, 575

Advantage of silver standard to Mexico, encourages exports, 596, 597; stimulates the development of home manufactures, 597. 598; purchasing power of the silver dollar has not decreased in Mexico, 600, 601; gold price of foreign commodities making them so high, equivalent to protection, 601; exchange in gold countries encourages investment in Mexico, 602; low price of silver makes it unprofitable to export it, 604 Agents sent to Mexico to study silver question, unfamiliar with the language, history, and conditions of the country, 568; many already prejudiced against Mexico, 569

Agricultural products, have not suffered in Mexico from fallen prices, 609 Allen, Senator William V., letter to M. Romero on March 11, 1896, asking for information on silver standard in Mexico, 564, 565; answer of M. Romero to letter of, 565

American International Monetary Commission, address delivered at, by M. Romero, 576, 613, 614; difficulties it had to contend with, 575, 576

B

Brussels Monetary Conference, why necessary, report of the United States Commissioners, 576

Bryan, William J., extract from letter of, to New York World of January 23, 1898, saying that some Mexicans desire that the United States do not go under the silver standard, but that on the whole they desire restoration of bimetalism in the United States, 585 Bryce, Lloyd, request for a paper on sil

ver standard in Mexico for the North

American Review made of M. Romero and answer, 563 Business failures, few in Mexico, 608, 609 C

Carden, Lionel E. G., British ConsulGeneral in Mexico, thinks silver will in the end be beneficial to Mexico, 577; his views from his report on silver in Mexico, 577, 578; extract from report of, on trade of Mexico in 1895, 578 Chevalier, Michel, headed movement in France to demonetize gold, 581 Clark, Justice Walter, article in Arena, of Boston, of March, 1896, presenting Mexico as an example of the favorable results of the silver standard, 564, 565 Cleveland, President, stand on silver question of, 563

Coal, scarce now in Mexico but large deposits being found, 597

Coins of different American countries, 576

Conditions in Mexico, satisfactory notwithstanding the silver standard, 610,

611

Cotton industry in Mexico, Lionel E. G. Carden's report on, 584

Courcel, Baron de, French Ambassador in London, on injuries world has suffered by depreciation of silver, 592 Currency of Mexico, free coinage of silver, why silver was adopted, why cannot be changed, no paper money used, 594; system used by banks 594, 595

D

Depreciation of silver, 579; its effect on England, 583, 584; extracts from Cotton Factory Times on, 583; Mexico satisfied with silver standard, 586 Diaz, President, his views on silver, 566; interview published in New York Journal on effect of silver coinage in Mexico, 566, 567; on growth of commercial interests in Mexico, wages, labor, 567; letter from, to M. Romero,

Diaz, President-Continued.

October 6, 1896, giving a report of his interview with W. E. Lewis, 567, 568; letter from, to M. Romero of August 11, 1897, stating that silver standard will continue for the present in Mexico, 568 Difficulties of Mexico in adopting gold

standard, 586, 588, 589 Disadvantages Mexico had to contend with retarding her progress, 571, 572 Disadvantage of silver standard to Mexico, importations reduced, 604; fluctuations in price of silver, 605, 606; reduction of import duties, national expenses increased makes taxation necessary to meet obligations, effects on railroads, 607

Discredit of silver, what has been its main cause, 581, 582; its production as compared with gold, 582 Drawbacks to Mexico for adopting the gold standard, 590

F

Factors of Mexican progress, not alone the silver standard but railways, peace, investment of foreign capital, and development of natural resources; effect of silver standard as one of the, 570 Fletcher, Arthur E., letter from M. Romero to, relating to payment of interest of Mexican debt, 574 Fluctuations of gold, 582 Forbes, Francis B., table of statistics on world's production of gold and silver, 580, 581

G

Gold, production as compared with silver, 579; total amount mined, 580 Gold standard, when good basis of currency and when silver, 582 Gold standard in Chili, why it may be beneficial, 586; according to some newspapers does not seem satisfactory, 587, 588

Gold standard in India, is yet to be tried, 587; many bankers and merchants favorable to silver, extract from Indian Spectator in which it disapproves of gold standard, 588; extract from London Times giving opinion of Anglo-Indian Press as unfavorable to, 588, 589; rate of interest high, 589 Gold standard in Japan, is adopted, 586; extract from Japanese papers ascribing bad times to, 587

Gold standard in Mexico, difficulties of accepting it, when will be acceptable, 587, 588

Gresham Law, as applied in Mexico, 594 Gresham, Walter Q., Secretary of State, advice about Senator Morgan's letter, 562, 563; died before M. Romero's article on silver standard appeared, 563

H

Hamilton, Lord George, British Secretary for India, statement as to closing of Indian mints, 589

Harcourt, Sir William Vernon, statement against opening Indian mints, 589 Haupt, Ottoman, letter to, from Señor Limantour in answer to suggestion of method of adopting gold standard in Mexico, 590

Hearst, William R., communication to from President Diaz on silver question, 566, 567 Huntington, C. P., built International Railroad, report on earnings of International Railway, 605, 610

I

Investments in Mexico, pessimists' views of, M. Romero's views of, 572

J

Jamieson, Mr., British Consul at Shanghai, China, his statement of the growth of cotton manufacture in China and Japan, 605; on the results of fluctuations of silver, 605-607; remarks of, on China, apply also to Mexico, 607 Japanese Government Commission study of the silver and gold standard, 595; and effects on exchange, 595, 596

K

Kennedy, James H., his misstatement in regard to the Mexican dollars and Mexican debt, 573; extract from Minneapolis Times containing affidavit of, 573, 574

L

Lewis, W. E., his interview with President Diaz, 566

Limantour, José Yves, Secretary of the Treasury of Mexico, letter from, to Ottoman Haupt, stating views on monetary question in Mexico, 590-592 Losses suffered by depreciation of silver, on gold bonds, 607; by railroads, 607, 608

Low Mexican wages, why not due to silver standard, 572

M

Maitland, Mr., remarks before China Mutual Steamship Co., on labor and currency in China, 601, 602

Malabari, B. M., discusses what famine results from in India, 589

Manufacturing in Mexico, pays well, increases, 597; compared with China, Japan, and India, 598