OF

THE INSTITUTION

OF

CIVIL ENGINEERS;

WITH OTЛIER

SELECTED AND ABSTRACTED PAPERS.

VOL. XXXIX.

SESSION 1874-75.-PART I.

EDITED BY

JAMES FORREST, Assoc. INST. C.E., SECRETARY.

INDEX, PAGE 439.

LONDON:

Published by the Enstitution,

25, GREAT GEORGE STREET, WESTMINSTER, S.W.

1875.

[The right of Publication and of Translation is reserved.]

THE Institution is not, as a body, responsible for the facts and
opinions advanced in the following pages.

LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS.

CONTENTS.

SECT. I.-MINUTES OF PROCEEDINGS.

November 10 and 17, 1874.

"The Nágpúr Waterworks; with Observations on the Rainfall, the Flow
from the Ground, and Evaporation at Nágpúr; and on the Fluctuation
of Rainfall in India and in other places." A. R. BINNIE. (3 plates)
Appendix: Tables referred to in ditto
Discussion on ditto (2 woodcuts).

November 24 and December 1 and 8, 1874.

"The Pennsylvania Railroad; with Remarks on American Railway Con-

struction and Management." C. D. Fox and F. Fox. (4 plates).

Appendix: Tables referred to in ditto

Discussion on ditto.

"The New South Breakwater at Aberdeen." W. DYCE CAY. (3 plates)

"The Extension of the South Jetty at Kustendjie, Turkey." G. L. ROFF.

126

(1 plate)

142

Discussion on Aberdeen Breakwater and on Kustendjie Jetty (2 woodcuts). 147

Premiums awarded: Session 1873-74:-Subjects for Papers: Session 1874-75 178

List of Original Communications, and of Donors to the Library, 1873-74 .

List of Officers

185

190

PAGE

SECT. II.-OTHER SELECTED PAPERS.

Engineering in Sweden." C. P. SANDBERG. (1 Woodcut)

"The Implements employed, and the Stone Protection adopted, in the

Reconstruction of the Bridges on the Delhi Railway." C. STONE. (2 plates)

"Notes on the Consolidation of Earthworks." J. GAUDARD. (44 woodcuts)

Memoirs of Deceased Members

Joseph Cubitt, 248; Sir William Fairbairn, Bart., 251; Sir Charles Fox,

264; John Grantham, 266; Thomas Marr Johnson, 268; Thomas Login,

269; William Richard Morris, 271; Sir John Rennie, 273; James Raine

Rushton, 278; James Samuel, 280; Thomas Alfred Yarrow, 282; James

Allan, 283; Lieutenant Gordon Bigsby, R.E., 285; Thomas Gaul Brown-

ing, 286; Cornelius Willes Eborall, 287; Thomas Grissell, 289; James

Archibald Hamilton Holmes, 290; James Innes Hopkins, 291; Sampson

Lloyd, 292; Sir Harry Stephen Meysey-Thompson, Bart., 293; John Roe,

297; General Sir John Mark Frederic Smith, K.H., R.E., 298; William

Woodcock, 299; Charles Favell Forth Wordsworth, Q.C., 300.

191

212

218

248

SECT. III. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS IN FOREIGN TRANS-

ACTIONS AND PERIODICALS.

Distribution of Loads over Superstructure of Bridges. M. LAVOINNE

Graphic Method of Calculating the Stresses on Roof Trusses. OTTO SPIESZ

Graphical Determination of Weights, for a given Span and Strain, which a

double T-iron can support. M. DE BLONAY

Joining of Inclined Lines by Parabolic Arcs

301

302

303

301

Small Oscillations of a Material System in Stable Equilibrium. F. Lucas.

Drainage of Clay Mountains. G. GERSTEL.

308

309

Andernach Trass

313

Koad-making in the Basses-Pyrenées. M. CONTE-GRANDCHAMPS.

Striking the Centres of Arches-Slack-blocks and Sand-boxes

316

319

Upright Arched Bridges. J. B. EADS

320

Bridge over the Elbe at Aussig, Austrian N.W. Ry. W. HELLWAG

322

Removal of Earth by Machinery from Zizka Tunnel, Prague. FR. RZIHA

St. Gothard Tunnel.

323

325

Elasticity of Permanent Way. M. CAILLÉ

328

Experiences in the Working of Mountain Railways. M. STEINSBERG

335

Description of some Narrow-gauge Railways. CH. LEDOUX

338

Locomotive Engines on Inclined Planes. M. LE CHATELIER.

342

Common Error in ascertaining Locomotive Adhesion available for the trac-

tion of Trains. J. MOSCHELL

346

Locomotive without Fire. M. S. PICHAULT.

347

Tendency of Reversing Lever of Locomotives to "return suddenly" when

being pulled over. A. BALGUERIE .

Breakage of Tires on the Moscow-Nishni Railway, during winter 1871-72.

Measures for protecting Railways from Snow. E. PONTZEN

Financial Statistics of European Railways, 1855-73. DR. G. STÜRMER.

The Hanoverian Machine Company's Works at Linden. H. RICHARD

Experiments on the Laws of Filtration. P. HAVREZ

351

354

Graphic Determination of the Hydraulic Head, velocity of discharge, and

time of emptying of fluids from vessels of various forms. DR. R. PRÖLL .

Rainfall of the Basin of the Seine. M. BELGRAND .

PAGE

363

364

Hydrology of the Basin of the Seine. M. A. DELAIRE.

365

Flow of the West Branch of the Croton River. J. J. R. CROES

Relation between Water Levels of Main Rivers in Holland. J. P. DELPRAT 368

Observations on Subterranean Water in Dresden. H. MANCK

On the Flow of Atmospheric Air. A. FLIEGNER

Researches on the Discharge of Air under Great Pressures. DR. G. ZEUNER 375

Drainage System of Dantzic. H. VON WINTER.

367

369

370

379

Utilisation of Sewer Water of Paris for Agriculture. A. DURAND-CLAYE

380

Submerged Gas and Water Mains. H. JANSSEN

Mosel-Saar Canal. H. KNOBLOCH

Gravelle Lock on the St. Maurice Canal. M. DARDART

Damming of the Cheliff. M. LAMAIRESSE

383

386

387

388

389

390

Reconstruction of the Château-Gontier Bridge. M. LEGRAS

392

Traversing Bridge between S. Malo and S. Servan. M. F. DE FOURCROY

Harbour of Spezia. M. MALDINI .

Evaporation in Steam Boilers decreasing in Geometrical Progression. P.

HAVREZ

398

Surface Condensers. M. AUDENET

399

Tugboats on the Rhone. M. VILLARET

404

Theory of the Transmission of Power by Ropes. H. RESAL

406

Deep Boring Apparatus in the Haselgebirg. A. AIGNER .

408

Burning Coal Mine at Kidder Slope. M. CORYELL

411

The Combustion of Petroleum. M. BARRET

412

Respective merits of Blast-furnace or Cupola Castings. A. Ledebur

Experimental and Geometrical Investigation of Internal Ballistics. General

MORIN.

Experimental Researches on Explosive Substances. MM. Roux and SARRAU

Electro-coppered Cast-iron Cylinders for printing on Stuffs. TH. SCHLUM-

Freezing by Capillary Attraction and Evaporation. M. C. DECHARME

Mechanical Production of Cold by Expansion of Air. J. ARMENGAUD, JUN. 435

434

INDEX.

439