to represent it. Nevertheless at one time powerful Corean fleets drove the Japanese off the coasts, and the memory of the brave Corean Admiral, who routed the Japanese off Fusan 300 years ago, is fresh in the memory of his courtly successor who now rules the neighbouring naval town of, and is a man of more than Chinese erudition. The military and naval organization of the other seven provinces is very much on the same scale as that already described, with the exception of the officials specially allotted to the or "Five Metropolitan Prefectures:" on the other hand, some of the other provinces have two, and even three, instead of one. Most of the cities in Corea are walled with stone, but, according to the exact measurements of each, given in the Chinese Commissioner's book, they are mostly of a ting description. The fire-signal organization is in full vogue. In times of peace, one fire means "rebels have appeared:" two mean they are near,' and three "they have come;" four mean "there is fighting," and five "continuous fighting." Wolf's dung is mixed with the fuel with which these fires are stacked, so that flame shows by night and smoke by day, and by this means messages can be conveyed from Fusan to Sêul in one night. There are 5 main signal stations, [炬準] one on the峨嵯 Mountain of 楊州 with 119 subordinate and 5 sub-stations with 57 branch ones under them; second, the of, with 42 and 9 branch-stations having 123 fires; third and fourth the 東燦 of 母嶽 and the 西燦 of the same, each with about 100 subordinate fires: lastly, the station at Win II with also about 100 fires. The navy nominally consists of 92 line-of-battle ships [] each manned by 80 men; 48 guard-ships [] each with 30 men; and 132 gunboats [] each carrying 60 men; also 19 armoured [?] ships, 254 coast-guard boats [?], and several score more boats of various nondescript names. Though it is not so stated by the Chinese Commissioners, most if not all of these boats. exist only on paper. Though the tides are high on the south-west coast, they become small towards Fusan and disappear altogether at, a little to the north-east of Fusan. The tides on the west coast are given peculiar names, the first four in the month being the E, A, 九,and十水挨; the next three being the 一, 二, and 大折只; the eighth is the ; the ninth is the or "neap," because 無水 it is the same as the previous day's; from the 10th, to the 15th, are the to the, but to the 15th day's tides are added the words; the 16th is called the , and the 17th to the 23rd, are the ; the 24th, is, and the 30th, (or 29th, if a short moon) is . The character is evidently nothing more than the Corean termination i, which puts the word or "spring" in the nominative case. From the 3rd mouth to the middle of the 8th month, the springs are called the , and the next new moon spring is called the . From the 9th month to the middle of the 2nd month, the springs are called and the next new moon spring is again. The day-tides are higher than the night-tides in spring and summer, and vice versâ in winter. From the to the + (evidently the 24th to the 29th of the moon) the tides increase, and from the 折 to thethey decrease. The army is supposed to number 989,376 men, cavalry and infantry, to wit (using the previously-described alternative names of each province): from which it appears that Tung King and Kwan Peh have no armies. Of the above, Of post horses there are 5,499, of which 725 belong to the first class, 1,686 to the second, and 3,088 to the last. Corean officers always carry with them a royal or government badge, which is never removed from the strap-pocket except when given or returned to the wearer's successor, or to the department on change or suspension from office. The first (about a dozen) is called the, and the second (of which there are 45) the #, these badges both bearing the Royal sign-manual. The P 開門 for opening city gates on exceptional occasions, and the for certain of the Boards and Public offices, have no signmanual. The is in two pieces, the of which is kept at the Palace, and the left with several of the Provincial Authorities; when troops are to be called for, the is sent down, and troops can not be levied until the have each been compared with the : for reviews, however, the troops can be called together without the royal warrant: the local warrant is handed over by each officer to his successor. Then there are the and, which, (unlike all the above, which are round), are quadrangular or oblong. They are also called the A, and must be carried by all except those who are entitled to wear the and the : there are 175 of the former, and 335 of the latter. is round, and bears the royal sign-manual: it is used in urgent matters of state. The is round, bears the sign-manual and the inscription, and is used by the Heir-apparent when the King is away on these occasions the Queen uses the, which is sharp in form, and bears the characters on one side and the sign-manual on the other. When any of the above described badges are in use, and the King wishes to send another message, an arrow * [合箭] is used as the warrant. The 命召and the密符 above described are always delivered up by the recipients in person at the State Department, and under no circumstances are they allowed to live outside the walls of their city with the badge upon them. The quarterly pay of officers is in rice, [* and * and *], wheat, [J] beans, silk, cloth, and paper, with in some cases extra rice for spring, delivered monthly on the 1st of each moon, the quarterly pay varying in quantity according to the season of the year. Without entering into details as to what each rank receives, it will be sufficient to take "1 A" and "9 B," the highest and the lowest ranks, and leave it to the imagination to picture the intervening quantities. 中田 PECULS OF PECULS OF PIECES PIECES SHEETS OF From the above it is evident that for some reason or other Corean officers all get beans in the winter and early spring, and wheat towards the antumn only. The paper [] is perhaps intended for plastering the interior of the houses. Probably the arrow of China and Corea has the same origin as the broad arrow of England, the broad A of the Druids,—which was typical of rank and authority, The gets an extra-extra spring allowance of rice and beans, and royal princesses only get the allowance of their husbands after their marriage and during widowhood. Retired Ministers of state get no allowance, but are supplied monthly by the local official of their district. The sumptuary laws affecting all from the King downwards are very intricate, but as no European cares much what sort of a hat, girdle, breeches &c., are worn by this or that officer on this or that occasion, we content ourselves with referring the curious to the original Chinese. It way be well to state however that the ancient Chinese tablets or are still used at the Corean Court, and that there are rules regulating girdles, stockings, saddles, saddle-cloths, shoes, and boots, besides hats and other articles of clothing. For the information of those who know nothing of Corea, it may here be stated that it is a remarkably well-drained country, especially when it is considered that, as regards houses, Sêul itself is little better than a collection of pig-stys. Every one in the country seems adequately and comfortably dressed, and every one except those engaged in hand labour is (externally) neatly dressed: all whose occupations permit of it are not only neatly but well and fully dressed, and the official classes are not only fully and richly, but even tastefully and finely dressed. Corean ideal civilization seems to have culminated in the hat, which is (at its best) one of the finest and most expensive pieces of workmanship the world can shew; but the whole of the fashionable garments comprising Corean clothing seems to have been calculated to be utterly useless to any persons but Coreans. This fact, combined with the studied poverty of Corean household managements, leads to the suspicion that, since the oft-repeated devastations of their country by Chinese and Japanese, the Corean policy has deliberately been to have absolutely nothing in the country worth taking away in the shape of portable property. Full bellies, warm clothes for use, and impossible clothes for ornament; houses to live in which are pig-stys externally but severely neat internally; huge, fierce, ungelded bulls for the plough, and horses too wicked for strangers to ride-this is Corea for the Coreans with nothing left for the stranger. THE REPORTS OF MEDICAL MISSIONARY LADIES IN CHINA, HE following brief reports from the Medical Missionary Ladies at work in this land, written at the request of the editor of The Recorder, speak for themselves, and need no introduction or explanation. They tell of a comparatively new phase of missionary work, which is destined to have great results. As it was difficult to arrange the reports in any other way, they will be given in geographical order, commencing from the north. KALGAN. Miss V. C. Murdock M.D., of the A. B. C. F. M. Mission at Kalgan, on the borders of Mongolia, writes as follows:-"I arrived at Kalgan May 13th, 1881, and had patients two hours after my arrival. For six months different members of our mission circle acted as interpreter in Chinese, after that I was able to question patients myself. For two years I had a dispensary in the upper city; then it was thought desirable to establish the second in the Lower City;-both places have been patronized, thus making two places, for teaching the Christian doctrine. Besides the city people, I have had patients from every city and town in the vicinity, a few from as great a distance as two hundred miles. Many Mongols have been at the dispensary also. There are a large number of yamens large and small in Kalgan, and I believe I have been called to most of them, and have had some very interesting patients. One gave a sum in silver, and two white horses. The latter were considered a handsome present by the Chinese, but they were not gentle and could not be used, and they threatened to deplete the dispensary treasury, before I could find a purchaser. This is the only instance of large generosity on the part of the Chinese. There has been nothing particularly interesting about the classes of diseases treated. Perhaps the absence of scabies is somewhat remarkable as it is so common elsewhere; I have had but two cases. There have been no epidemics of any kind, except the annual one of smallpox. A large number have applied to be cured of their opium habit, and it is encouraging from time to time to hear of those who have remained cured. There have been four missionary families in Kalgan, and a large community of Russian tea merchants and their families. I have a large obstetrical practice among them, and they are very generous in their fees to the dispensary. Kalgan is a healthy place. It is situated at the foot of mountains by a |