transmitted to the accountable quartermaster, who will invoice the property to the quartermaster of the soldier's new station, filing with said invoice the soldier's receipt.

Should the man be ordered to service in a territorial department beyond the sea under orders which do not specify the particular place that is to be his new station, the invoice, together with the receipt, will be forwarded to the department quartermaster of the over-sea department, who will have the property receipted for by some accountable quartermaster at department headquarters. When the enlisted man has been assigned to station, the property will be reinvoiced to the quartermaster of such station. Similar action will be taken in the case of a man who is ordered from an over-sea station to another over-sea station or to the United States. (G. O. 65, W. D., 1915.)

125. The following instructions in regard to accounting for quartermaster property which an enlisted man takes with him when ordered to temporary duty are published for the information and guidance of all concerned:

1. When an enlisted man is ordered away from his organization on duty which is definitely known to involve only a temporary period of absence, he will sign a receipt for all quartermaster property which he is to take with him. and this receipt will accompany the descriptive list to the place of temporary duty. Regular memorandum receipts to cover the property will then be made up and sent to the commanding officer to whom the descriptive list is sent, and the latter will designate some officer of his command to sign the memorandum receipt and return the same directly to the accountable officer. The foregoing procedure will not be followed when an enlisted man is ordered to temporary duty of an indefinite duration, but in such case accountability for the property will be covered by regular invoices as provided in paragraph I, General Orders, No. 65, War Department, 1915. Regular invoices will also be used to cover accountability for the property in the case of an enlisted man who, while on temporary duty, is transferred to another organization, separated from the service, or transferred to the reserve.

2. Responsibility for property which is lost during travel will, if necessary, be fixed by a surveying officer. 3. A statement of charges, Q. M. C. Form No. 208, for all property charged against the soldier on the pay rolls, and survey reports of all property authorized to be dropped and not charged will be furnished the accountable officer, who will issue a credit memorandum to the responsible officer for such property. (G. O. 21, W. D., 1916.)

126. Equipment furnished to enlisted men of the Quartermaster Corps will be marked by stencil or stamp with the letters "Q. M. C." placed above the letters "U.S.” (G. O. 49, W. D., 1913.)

CIVILIAN EMPLOYEES.

GENERAL PROVISIONS.

127. The employment of civilians in the Quartermaster Corps will be regulated by the Quartermaster General, under the direction of the Secretary of War. Those whose services are engaged with the intention or probability of retaining them in the service are considered as permanent employees. Their appointment, dismissal, promotion, or reduction will be made under the supervision of the Quartermaster General, by the officers employing them, except as controlled by statutes or civil-service rules; but in the selection of such employment preference will be given, as far as practicable, to applicants who have served meritoriously as enlisted men in the Army, and the appointments and promotions of all permanent employees, except laborers, teamsters, and other kindred occupations, will be submitted for the approval or confirmation of the Secretary of War. (A. R. 727, 1913.)

128. Department commanders will confine expenditures for civilian employees within the allotment for the purpose made under the direction of the Secretary of War. (A. R. 729, 1913.)

129. Civilian employees in the service of the Quartermaster Corps continuously since November 1, 1912, who are of good character, and who possess the qualifications required by law and regulations for enlistment in the Army, may be enlisted as privates and immediately recommended for promotion to the grade in which they are competent to serve. Enlistments will be confined to those between the ages of 18 and 45

years.

Promotion will be made as prescribed for enlisted men of the Quartermaster Corps. Vacancies in the classified service may, with the approval of the Quartermaster General, be filled by enlisted men of the Quartermaster Corps as they occur.

Civilian employees in the unclassified service continuously since November 1, 1912, who are over 45 years of age, will not be discharged for the purpose of making vacancies to be filled by enlisted men without the approval of the Quartermaster General.

130. Civil engineers, clerks, inspectors, storekeepers, packers, watchmen, messengers, teamsters, me chanics, and laborers will, as a rule, be engaged by the month, day, or piece, and paid at the end of each calendar month. They will be designated on the rolls in the capacity in which employed and at the rates established. When discharged and not paid, certified statements will be given them. (A. R. 730, 1913.) Paragraph 730, Army Regulations, 1913, has always been construed as permitting a certain amount of discretion to the quartermaster making payment to employees, and the method of paying semimonthly is acceptable to the Treasury Department officials. When depots are located in large cities, where it is customary for employees not in the Government service to be paid semimonthly, it is thought that to adhere strictly to the paragraph of regulations referred to would in most cases work a hardship upon the employees of the Government. (Approved, Acting Sec. War, Nov. 4, 1907.)

The designations of employees as indicated in letters of authority of the Quartermaster General and in the appointments or instruments issued by the War Department will be strictly adhered to.

When a change of designation is desired the matter will be submitted to the Quartermaster General setting forth the reasons therefor. Such changes will be made only upon the approval of the Quartermaster General, and, in the case of the classified employee, the Secretary of War.

131. The loaning of money at usurious rates of interest by clerks and other civilian employees in or under the War Department or the Military Establishment, either as principal or agent, directly or indirectly to others in the Government service, is prohibited, and any such clerk or employee who hereafter engages in the same will be dismissed from the service and no application for his reinstatement therein will be considered. (G. O. 52, W. D., 1911.)

132. The soliciting of pension or other claims against the United States on military reservations or at military posts, camps, or stations, including general hospitals, is prohibited.

Civilian employees who give information with a view to aiding persons in soliciting such claims will be discharged. (G. O. 163, W. D., 1906.)

133. No employee of the Quartermaster Corps while in such employ will act as agent, representative, or salesman for any corporation, joint stock company, or association which is doing business with this corps. A violation of the provisions of this paragraph will be considered sufficient cause for recommending dismissal of employee.

134. A forage master or wagon master shall not be concerned, directly or indirectly, in any means of transport employed by the United States, or in the purchase or sale of any property procured for or belonging to the United States, except as agent for the Government. (A. R. 1093, 1913.)

135. The War Department will take no cognizance of a debt complaint against an employee, so far as the creditor is concerned, beyond acknowledging receipt of his communication. Creditors and collectors will be denied access to employees for the purpose of presenting or collecting claims during the hours set apart for the transaction of public business.

But while the department will not permit itself to be used as a collection agency, it will not consider as a fit employee any one who contracts a debt and then without sufficient excuse neglects to make payments; and upon receipt of a debt complaint it will be referred to the proper chief of bureau for a report in writing from the employee concerned, which, together with a notation of the conclusions reached by the department in the matter, will be made part of the official record in his case.

An employee who contracts indebtedness and then without sufficient excuse or reason neglects or avoids payment thereon will be discharged. (Cir. O, W. D., July 9, 1913.)

136. Civilian employees of the War Department may be armed when necessary for the protection of life or public property, and the same responsibility attaches to the officers accountable for the arms furnished them that attaches to those accountable for the arms in the hands of enlisted men. The sale of ammunition to civilian employees of the War Department may be made for hunting purposes when considered necessary for their subsistence or for the interest of the United States. In the field the sale of meat cans, canteens, knives, forks, and spoons, when they can be spared, to an officer in charge of civilian employees for their use, is authorized, provided they can not be obtained in any other way. (A. R. 1526, 1913.) 137. When ammunition is furnished to civilian employees it is not to be dropped from the returns unless expended in action or in hunting when necessary to obtain subsistence. Ammunition not so expended will be returned to the responsible officer and accounted for by him, or paid for at the price fixed. (A. R. 1531, 1913.)

138. If articles of public property are embezzled or lost or damaged through neglect by a civilian employee the value or damage as ascertained (and by a survey if necessary) shall be charged to him and set against any pay or money due him. (A. R. 688, 1913.)

139. Arms lost, destroyed, or embezzled by civilian employees will be charged in the same manner as stores similarly lost by enlisted men, and the money value thereof accounted for as in case of sales made in accordance with A. R. 1521, 1913. (A. R. 1527, 1913.)

140. Employees in or under the War Department are forbidden to hold membership in the National League of Government Employees while it issues or is connected with any publication for which advertisements are procured from contractors or business concerns having contractual relations with any branch of the service under the War Department. (Bull. 2, W. D., 1915.)

141. The question was presented whether Government employees desiring to attend business men's camps of military instruction might be permitted to do so on a pay status without having the time so spent charged against their regular annual leaves. It was pointed out that Government employees belonging to the Organized Militia of the District of Columbia enjoy such a privilege while on duty with the militia. By section 49 of the District of Columbia militia act of 1889 (25 Stat., 779), it was provided that officers and employees of the United States and of the District of Columbia who are members of the National Guard shall be entitled to leave of absence from their respective duties, without loss of pay or time, "on all days of any parade or encampment ordered or authorized under the provisions of this act."

Held, that the provisions of the act of 1889 referred to apply only to Government employees belonging to the National Guard of the District of Columbia, and that, there being no similar statutory provision in respect to other employees, any absence from duty for the purpose referred to would have to be charged against their annual leave or without pay if the annual leave is exhausted. (Opin. J. A. G., Nov. 20, 1915, Bull. 39, W. D., 1915.)

142. All officers and employees of the United States and of the District of Columbia who shall be members of the National Guard shall be entitled to leave of absence from their respective duties, without loss of pay, time, or efficiency rating on all days during which they shall be engaged in field or coast-defense training ordered or authorized under the provisions of this act. (Sec. 80, act June 3, 1916.)

143. In connection with section 80 of the national-defense act approved June 3, 1916, the following questions were submitted:

(1) "Can employees of the department who are members of the National Guard and have been called out by orders of the President, be paid their salaries as employees of the department for such time as they remain in camp and are not drafted into the active military service of the Government?"

(2) "Can any such employees be borne on the rolls of the department in a pay status after they have been drafted into the active military service of the Government?"

Held, in answer to questions (1) and (2), that the leave authorized in favor of officers and employees who are members of the National Guard being only for the time while they are "engaged in field or coast-defense training" ordered or authorized under the provisions of that act, it is not available to such officers and employees. when called into the service of the United States by the President. Advised, however, that while employees referred to are not entitled to military leave under the said provision, there appears to be no reason why they should not be paid their regular salaries as officers or employees for such period prior to their actual muster into the service as would be covered by annual leave granted to them in accordance with law, and that even if actually mustered into the service of the United States, enlisted men may continue to receive pay as officers or employees until the expiration of the leave granted, provided the combined pay of the military and civil positions does not exceed $2,000 per annum. If it does exceed $2,000, payment of any compensation as a civilian officer or employee would be prohibited under the provision of section 6 of the act of May 10, 1916 (Pub., No. 73). This applies to men called forth under the provisions of section 4 of the act of June 21, 1903, as amended, as well as those drafted into the military service under the provisions of section 111 of the act of June 3, 1916. (Comp., June 28, 1916.)

144. On election day for Senators and Representatives in the Congress of the United States all clerks and other employees under the War Department who are qualified voters, when employed in a State and congressional district where such election is being held, shall be granted a reasonable time in which to vote during working hours, without loss of pay or without charge against annual leave, unless for special public reasons such clerks or other employees be excepted therefrom by the highest officer or official having immediate supervision or control of the office or establishment under the War Department to which they are assigned, or where the same would be inconsistent with existing law. (Par. II, Bull. 4, W. D., 1915.) 145. A record will be kept in each office showing the name and address of the nearest relative of each civil employee of the Quartermaster Corps.

146. No person in the classified civil service of the United States shall be removed therefrom except for such cause as will promote the efficiency of said service and for reasons given in writing, and the person whose removal is sought shall have notice of the same and of any charges preferred against him, and be furnished with a copy thereof, and also be allowed a reasonable time for personally answering the same in writing, and affidavits in support thereof; but no examination of witnesses nor any trial or hearing shall be required except in the discretion of the officer making the removal; and copies of charges, notice of hearing, answer, reasons for removal, and of the order of removal shall be made a part of the records of the proper department or office, as shall also the reasons for reduction in rank or compensation; and copies of same shall be furnished to the person affected upon request, and the Civil Service Commission also shall, upon request, be furnished copies of the same: Provided, however, That membership in any society, association, club, or other form of organization of postal employees not affiliated with any outside organization imposing an obligation or duty upon them to engage in any strike, or proposing to assist them in any strike, against the United States, having for its objects, among other things. improvements in the condition of labor of its members, including hours of labor and compensatio therefor and leave of absence, by any person or groups of persons in said postal service, or the presenting by any such person or groups of persons of any grievance or grievances to the Congress or any Member thereof shall not constitute or be cause for reduction in rank or compensation or removal of such person or groups or persons from said service. The right of persons employed in the civil service of the United States, either individually or collectively, to petition Congress, or any Member thereof, or to furnish information to either House of Congress, or to any committee or member thereof, shall not be denied or interfered with. (Bull. 17, W. D., 1912.)

It is hereby ordered that petitions or other communications regarding public business addressed to the Congress or either House or any committee or Member thereof by officers or employees in the civil service of the United States shall be transmitted through the heads of their respective departments or offices, who shall forward them without delay with such comment as they may deem requisite in the public interest. Officers and employees are strictly prohibited, either directly or indirectly, from attempting to secure legislation or to influence pending legislation except in the manner above prescribed. (Ex. order Apr. 8, 1912; G. O. 15, W. D., 1912.)

147. The expenses of interment, or of preparation and transportation to their homes, of the remains of civilian employees of the Army in the employ of the War Department who die abroad, inclusive of Alaska and the Canal Zone, Panama, or on Army transports, or who die while on duty in the field or at military posts within the limits of the United States, are provided for in the annual appropriation acts from year to year.

The following clause appears in "An act making appropriation for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and seventeen, and for other purposes": "Disposition of remains of officers, soldiers, civilian employees, and so forth: * * * interment, or preparation and transportation to their homes, of the remains of civil employees of the Army in the employ of

the War Department who die abroad, in Alaska, in the Canal Zone, or on Army transports, or who die while on duty in the field or at military posts within the limits of the United States; (Bull. 13, W. D., 1915.)

148. The civil service act, rules, and Executive orders, issued in pamphlet form by the Civil Service Commission, will be observed in connection with instructions herein, and quartermasters should obtain a co. 7 of the same, as well as the pamphlet Information for Boards of Examiners and Nominating Officers; and the circulars of information on the subjects of Veteran Preference; Transfer; Reinstatement; Removal, Political Assessments and Partisan Activity of Officeholders; and Classification, Assignment, and Appointment of Laborers. These publications may be obtained by applying to the Civil Service Commission, Washington, D. C., or to one of its secretaries as listed in paragraph 177.

149. Civilians in the employ of the Government summoned as witnesses before military courts. (A. R. 989 and 991, 1913.)

Before civil courts. (A. R. 994, 1913.)

150. In time of war certificate of identity on Q. M. C. Form No. 240 will be given to each civilian employee in accordance with Appendix B, Rules of Land Warfare, 1915.

MEDICAL TREATMENT.

151. Medical officers and contract surgeons on duty will attend civilian employees at stations or in the field where other medical attendance can not be procured. Medicines will be dispensed to all persons entitled to medical attendance at posts or stations where they can not be procured by purchase. (A. R. 1473, 1913.)

152. Civilian employees at military posts, including the employees of post exchanges, may be furnished the medical supplies prescribed for them by a medical officer under such regulations as the Surgeon General may establish in accordance with law. (A. R. 1457, 1913.)

153. A civilian employee on duty at a station where other than Army medical attendance can not be procured is entitled, when necessary, to admission to hospital. (A. R. 1458, 1913.)

154. A civilian employed as teamster in the Quartermaster Corps at Honolulu, Hawaii, at $40 a month and rations, having been injured while in the performance of his duty, was duly admitted to the post hospital for treatment. No provision is made by law for the payment of commutation of rations to civilian employees, and it is expressly prohibited by A. R. 1229, 1913.

Held, that as the employee was entitled to rations under his contract of employment in accordance with A. R. 1203, the hospital should draw his rations in kind and remit the charge of 40 cents a day prescribed by A. R. 1460. (Opin. J. A. G., Feb. 26, 1916; Bull. 8, W. D., 1916.)

155. Hospital charges at the Army and Navy General Hospital, Hot Springs, Ark., and at the general hospital at Fort Bayard, N. Mex., are governed by special regulations. Subsistence charges for civilian employees, on the footing of enlisted men, in other Army hospitals, except field hospitals, will be 40 cents a day; for civilians on the footing of officers $1.25 a day. In field hospitals the subsistence charged for the above classes will be 30 cents and 60 cents a day, respectively. Post commanders in Alaska may prescribe an additional charge for each such patient not to exceed 25 cents a day.

A medicine charge of 25 cents a day will be made for all civilian employees in Army hospitals who are not entitled to medical care and treatment at the cost of Army appropriations.

The surgeon will determine in each case, subject to instructions from higher authority, whether civilian patients shall be on the footing of enlisted men or of officers. (A. R. 1460, 1913.)

156. Members of the Dental Corps will serve free of charge all those entitled to free medical treatment by medical officers. (A. R. 1398, 1913.)

157. Civilian employees of the Army should pay their indebtedness for hospital charges before leaving the hospital, or promptly at the end of every month if they then continue in the hospital.

A civilian employee who is unable to pay his hospital charges at the prescribed time will give a certificate of his indebtedness, in triplicate, on Form 49A, Medical Department (marking one number "original," one "duplicate," and the third "triplicate"), to the commanding officer of the hospital, who will designate by indorsement thereon the officer to whom the amount of the indebtedness should be remitted, and will forward the original and duplicate at once through proper channelsto the officer under whom the employee is serving, retaining the triplicate for his own files. The employing officer will refer the certificate to the quartermaster or disbursing officer who is to pay the employee and such quartermaster or disbursing officer will deduct the amount of the indebtedness from the pay due, and will remit the amount so deducted to the officer designated to receive it. When an employee who is indebted for hospital charges dies before the indebtedness is settled, the commanding officer of the hospital will prepare an account thereof in duplicate, certifying the same to be correct, and will forward one number to the employing officer for his information and guidance, and the second number, through the Surgeon General, to the Auditor for the War Department, retaining a copy for his own filles. Should a certificate of the indebtedness have been given previously, all the numbers thereof will be assembled and forwarded with the account for the auditor. Ordinarily the commanding officer of the hospital where the employee was cared for will be designated as the officer who is to receive the amount of the indebtedness. But when the hospital is about to be or has been closed the department surgeon having jurisdiction over it should be designated to receive the remittance; or if the field army or independent division or the territorial department, under which the charges were incurred, is about to be or has been disbanded or discontinued, then the Surgeon General should be so designated. The Surgeon General should also be designated to receive remittances for hospital service rendered in general hospitals which have been or are about to be closed. (A. R. 1461, 1913.)

158. Civilian employees of the Quartermaster Corps who may become insane during such employ ment are entitled by law to admission to the Government Hospital for the Insane. (A. R. 464, 1913.) 159. Act of Congress granting certain classes of artisans and laborers employed by the United States the right to receive compensation for injuries sustained in the course of their employment and together with regulations and blank forms prescribed thereunder are shown in Appendix No. 12.

Reports of all injuries, termination of same, claims for compensation in connection therewith, etc., will be forwarded by quartermaster through proper channels to the Quartermaster General, to be referred to the Department of Labor.

160. Civilian employees who are subject to fleld service of any kind, including those on transports and in the mine-planter service, will be immunized against typhoid fever as soon as employed. Officers under whom such employees are working will enforce this order. (G. O. 23, W. D., 1915.)

HOURS OF LABOR.

161. Eight hours shall constitute a day's work for all mechanics, laborers, and workmen employed by the Quartermaster Corps. The service of mechanics and laborers employed by contractors in the execution of public works, including the construction of barracks, quarters, or other buildings on military reserval tions, is also limited and restricted to eight hours in each calendar day, and no officer or contractor shall require or permit any such laborer or mechanic to work more than eight hours in any calendar day except in cases of extraordinary emergency. There are excepted from the operations of this rule: (1) The officers and crews of vessels; (2) teamsters, packers, and other employees belonging to wagons and pack trains when engaged in field service or in the prosecution of military operations; (3) persons employed as cooks and cooks' helpers, overseers of labor of prisoners, and others who, owing to the nature of their employment being peculiar, may be decided by the Secretary of War, upon the facts being reported to him, to be neither laborers nor mechanics within the meaning of the eight-hour law. All exceptions on the ground of extraordinary emergency will be promptly reported to the Secretary of War.

All contracts for the execution of public works, including the erection of buildings for the use of the Military Establishment, will contain a stipulation restricting the service of mechanics and laborers to eight hours per day, and officers charged with the supervision and execution of such contracts will report all violations of such stipulation to the head of the bureau charged with the prosecution of the work. (A. R. 731, 1913.)

The employment of laborers and mechanics in making repairs to Government vessels is employment upon a public work of the United States, and is therefore subject to the restrictions of the eight-hour law of August 1, 1892. (29 Op. Atty. Gen., 395, May 10, 1912; Bull. 20, W. D., 1912.)

The law does not apply to farmers and farm hands at remount depots. Horse breakers and the farm gang should be regarded as farm hands and not as laborers or mechanics within the meaning of the eighthour statutes. (Opin. J. A. G., Sept. 27, 1913; p. 4, Bull. 43, W. D., 1914.)

Held, that a chauffeur is not within the purview of the eight-hour law which applies to mechanics and laborers. (Opin. J. A. G., Jan. 23, 1916; Bull. 8, W. D., 1916.)

162. The Secretary of War has interpreted the terms "extraordinary emergency" and "public works" as follows:

"An extraordinary emergency under the act is not one to be foreseen in time to avoid the necessity of exceeding the limit of the fixed daily hours of labor by the employment of more men or more shifts of men. Mere economical considerations do not affect the question at all. It is to be assumed that in making the requirement Congress knew that under many conditions the law would impose great expense upon the. Government."

"I am very clear also that the law only applies to laborers and mechanics directly engaged by the Government and to laborers and mechanics of contractors and subcontractors on contracts for the construction of works on public lands or easements and not to contracts for construction of articles to be furnished to the Government by delivery after completion. The latter are not public works within the statute." 163. The Supreme Court having, in effect, decided that the persons employed in the work of dredging, snagging, and rock excavation in the rivers and harbors of the United States, whether on tugs, scows, or dredges, are not laborers and mechanics employed on public works of the United States within the meaning of the eight-hour act of August 1, 1892 (27 Stat. L., 340), all instructions heretofore issued, having in view the enforcement of said act, by means of provisions in advertisements and contracts and reports as to violations of said act, are hereby rescinded so far as they relate to the work described above. (Order Sec. War, May 23, 1907.)

The employees on the tugs. dredges, and scows mentioned in the decision referred to were masters, mates, engineers, firemen, cranemen, deck hands, and scow men, and this is understood to include all employees on the vessels during such operations.

164. Reports of infractions of the eight-hour law will be rendered in duplicate, and will show whether or not it was impracticable to obtain the services of other men who were not employees of the Government, or to obtain the services of other employees of the Government who had not worked the usual eight hours, 165. The hours of labor for all clerks and other civilian employees constituting the office forces at depots. department headquarters, constructing quartermasters, and other offices of the Quartermaster Corps at large will be from 9 a. m. to 4.30 p. m., with an allowance of one-half hour for luncheon. Whenever the interests of the Government require it, any quartermaster may, in his discretion, by special order, stating the reason, further extend the hours of service of any clerk or civilian employee serving under his direction, but in case of extension it shall be without additional compensation.