14. No officer, clerk, or employee of the Government shall, directly or indirectly, instruct or be concerned in any manner in the instruction of any person or classes of persons, with a view to their special preparation for the examinations of the United States Civil Service Commission. The fact that any officer or employee is found so engaged shall be considered sufficient cause for his removal from the service. (G.O. 183, W. D., 1905.)

15. No officer, clerk, or employee in the United States Government employ shall at any time solicit contributions from other officers, clerks, or employees in the Government service for a gift or present to those in a superior official position; nor shall any such officials or clerical superiors receive any gift or present offered or presented to them as a contribution from persons in Government employ receiving a less salary than themselves; nor shall any officer or clerk make any donation as a gift or present to any official superior. Every person who violates this section shall be summarily discharged from the Government employ. (R. S., 1784.)

The foregoing enactment includes within the statutory prohibition the soliciting of contributions by one officer or employee from other officers or employees of the United States, when such contributions are to constitute gifts or presents, or are to be used for the purchase of gifts or presents to those in superior official position. The receiving of presents by officers as contributions from those under their command or control, in either the military or civil service, also falls within the prohibition of the section, which imposes the penalty of summary dismissal upon all official superiors and those under their command or control who, by soliciting or receiving contributions, or by giving presents, become subject to its penal operation.

The practice of receiving presents from persons not in the Military Establishment or in the employ of the Government in recognition of services rendered, though not expressly forbidden, is opposed to the spirit of the statute and for that reason is not approved by the department.

The requirements of the statute above cited will hereafter be strictly observed in all branches of the Military Establishment. (Cir. 77, W. D., 1909.)

16. All offices of the Government, arsenals, navy yards and stations, and other Government establishments shall, when the first day of January, the twenty-second day of February, the thirtieth day of May, the fourth day of July, and the twenty-fifth day of December fall on the first day of the week, commonly called Sunday, be closed to public business on the following Monday, and all employees in the public service, wherever employed, who would be excused from work on the above-named days be excused on the following Monday when said days fall on the first day of the week, commonly called Sunday, excepting that where a State law fixes for a holiday another day than the Monday following such legal holiday, the Government offices and other Government establishments situated in such States shall close and employees in the public service shall be excused on that day which is in conformity to State law. (Executive order, May 22, 1909.)

17. The tours of duty outside of the continental limits of the United States are as follows: The act of March 4, 1915, provides that on and after October 1, 1915, no officer or enlisted man of the Army shall, except upon his own request, be required to serve in a single tour of duty for more than two years in the Philippine Islands, nor more than three years in the Panama Canal Zone, except in case of insurrection or of actual or threatened hostilities (Bull. 12, W. D., 1915); Alaska two years (357095, Q. M. G. O., Mar. 25, 1912); Hawaiian Department three years (sec. 1, par, I. G. O. 36, W. D., 1915); China tour of duty two years (J. A. G. memo. to C. of S., Mar. 24, 1915); the tour of duty to be counted from the date of arrival in and departure from foreign countries (J. A. G. memo., supra; and par. I, G. O. 40, P. D., 1915).

18. A roster showing the names, stations, and duties of the officers of the Quartermaster Corps is issued on the 1st of each month by the Quartermaster General. Twice a year, in June and December, the names, stations, and duties of all quartermaster sergeants, senior grade, quartermaster sergeants, and superintendents of national cemeteries are also shown in this roster. Distribution is made to each officer of the Quartermaster Corps by the Quartermaster General, and twice a year, in June and December, to each quartermaster sergeant, senior grade, and quartermaster sergeant by The Adjutant General of the Army.

OFFICERS.

19. The officers of the Quartermaster Corps (permanent and detailed) consist of the following:

The total increase shown above will be made in five annual increments, each of which shall be as nearly as practicable one-fifth of the total increase.

20. The Army paymaster's clerks shall be known as pay clerks. (Sec. 3, act of Aug. 24, 1912 (37 Stat., 592); Bull. 15, W. D., 1912.)

Hereafter no further appointments of pay clerks shall be made. (Act of Mar. 21, 1913; Bull. 7, W. D., 1913.)

Pay clerks now in active service who shall hereafter have the rank, pay, and allowances of a second lieutenant, and the President is hereby authorized to appoint and commission them, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, second lieutenants in the Quartermaster Corps, United States Army. (Sec. 9, act of June 3, 1916.) The legislation speaks from the date of the approval of the statute, i. e., June 3, 1916, and that it must be held to automatically give them the rank, pay, and allowances prescribed therein as of that date. They do not, however, actually become commissioned officers of the Quartermaster Corps until acceptance of their commissions after confirmation by the Senate, and it is not thought the legislation contemplates any necessary assignment to different duties from those heretofore performed by these pay clerks; but after becoming commissioned officers they may be charged with additional duties and responsibilities involved in such change of their status. (Opin. J. A. G., June 13, 1916; Bull. 18, W. D., 1916.)

21. When a vacancy, except that of the chief of the department or corps, shall occur, which can not be filled by promotion as provided in this section, it shall be filled by detail from the line of the Army, and no more permanent appointments shall be made in those departments or corps. Such details shall be made from the grade in which the vacancy exists, under such system of examination as the President may from time to time prescribe. (Sec. 26, act of Feb. 2, 1901; 31 Stat., 755.)

22. Regulations respecting details of line officers to the staff, together with such rules as may be prescribed by the President in regard to examinations therefor, will be announced in orders from time to time by the War Department. (A. R. 38, 1913.)

23. Details for duty in the several staff corps. Consideration to be given to long service, efficiency and peculiar fitness for the detail. (A. R. 39, 1913.)

24. Service required with troops before being eligible for detail. (A. R. 40, 1913.)

25. Commissioned officers of the Quartermaster Corps will be designated by the War Department, upon the recommendation of the Quartermaster General, for duty with the technical and administrative staff of divisions and higher units, and of the line of communications; and by the Quartermaster General for duty with division supply trains, with supply columns of the line of communications, and with depots thereof. (A. R. 1009), 1913.)

26. No officer belonging to the Quartermaster's Department (now Quartermaster Corps) or doing the duty of a quartermaster or assistant quartermaster shall be concerned, directly or indirectly, in the purchase or sale of any article intended for or appertaining to said department of service, except on account of the United States; nor shall any such officer take or apply to his own use any gain or emolument for negotiating or transacting any business connected with the duties of his office other than that which may be allowed by law. (Sec. 1138, R. S.)

27. No officer belonging to the Subsistence Department (now Quartermaster Corps) or doing the duty of a subsistence officer (now quartermaster) shall be concerned, directly or indirectly, in the purchase or sale of any article entering into the composition of the ration allowed to troops in the service of the United States, or of any article designated by the inspectors general of the Army and furnished for sale to officers and enlisted men at cost prices, or of tobacco furnished for sale to enlisted men, except on account of the United States, nor shall any such officer take or apply to his own use any gain or emolument for negotiating or transacting any business connected with the duties of his office other than that which may be allowed by law. (R. S., 1150.)

28. Personal reports. (A. R. 59, 62, 64, 1913.)

29. An officer of a staff corps or department, or an officer serving therein by detail, will make report to the head of the corps or department on the last day of every month, giving his address, a statement of the duties on which he has been employed during the month, the date of his assignment thereto, and the authority by which so assigned. He will report to The Adjutant General of the Army, at the time of change, any change of station during the month, giving dates of departure and joining: also the dates of departure from and arrival at foreign stations and of departure from and arrival in the continental limits of the United States when going to or returning from a foreign station. (A. R. 827, 1913.)

30. The report called for in the preceding paragraph to the head of the corps or department will be prepared on Q. M. C. Form 400, or on letter-size paper (Sec. War. A. G. O. Ind., Mar. 25, 1916, No. 2324882), and forwarded on the last day of each month direct to the Quartermaster General.

31. Leaves of absence. (A. R. 49-67, 1913.)

32. Officers traveling on duty. (A. R. 68-75, 1913.)

33. An officer of the Quartermaster Corps, or of the line, detailed to fill a vacancy in the Quartermaster Corps, though eligible to command, according to his rank, shall not assume command of troops unless put on duty under orders which specially so direct, by authority of the President. (A. R. 18, 1913.)

GENERAL DUTIES.

34. It shall be the duty of the officers of the Quartermaster's Department (now Quartermaster Corps), under the direction of the Secretary of War, to purchase and distribute to the Army all military stores and supplies requisite for its use which other corps are not directed by law to provide; to furnish means of

transportation for the Army, its military stores and supplies, and to provide for and pay all incidental expenses of the military service which other corps are not directed to provide for and pay. (Sec. 1133, R. S.) 35. It shall be the duty of the officers of the Subsistence Department (now Quartermaster Corps), under the direction of the Secretary of War, to purchase and issue to the Army such supplies as enter into the composition of the ration. (R. S., 1141.)

36. The officers of the Subsistence Department (now Quartermaster Corps) shall procure and keep for sale to officers and enlisted men at cost prices, for cash or on credit, such articles as may from time to time be designated by the inspectors general of the Army. An account of all sales on credit shall be kept, and the amounts due for the same shall be reported monthly (Q. M. C. Form 43) to the Paymaster General (now Quartermaster General). (R. S., 1144.)

37. Paymasters of the Army (now quartermasters) are financial agents of the Government, and their disbursements, represented by vouchers, are examined and scrutinized by the Second Comptroller (now Auditor for the War Department), whose duty it is finally to determine whether or not any particular disbursement shall be credited to the officer. In charging an officer or in refusing him credit for erroneous disbursements the question of proper care invariably enters into consideration in arriving at a decision. The right to determine that question is a most essential feature of the functions of the comptroller.-Dec. 8, 1888, A. P. D., 2; 469: vol. 56, p. 346.-Butler-(3 Dig. 2d Comp. Dec., par. 8.)

38. Such duty or duties as are now required by law to be performed by any officer or officers of the Quartermaster's, Subsistence, or Pay Departments shall hereafter be performed by such officer or officers of the Quartermaster Corps as the Secretary of War may designate for the purpose. (Sec. 3, act of Aug. 24, 1912; 37 Stat., 591.)

DEPARTMENT QUARTERMASTER.

39. The department quartermaster is a member of the staff of the department commander, and as such is charged, under the department commander, with the proper administration of affairs relating to the Quartermaster corps in the department.

40. The deputy paymasters general (now quartermasters) shall, in addition to paying troops, superintend the payment of armies in the field. (R. S. 1187.) The paymasters and additional paymasters (now quartermasters) shall pay the regular troops, and shall pay all other troops in the service of the United States when required to do so by order of the President. (R. S. 1188.)

41. Department quartermasters are informed of the quantities and condition of subsistence stores at the posts in their department by means of prescribed monthly reports rendered to them.

42. The department quartermaster will keep in his office an inventory book of subsistence stores (Q. M. C. Form No. 233) for each of the posts supervised by him. In these books he will cause to be entered the quantity of stores and the notations as shown by the monthly requisitions for subsistence stores made by quartermasters at posts.

With the aid of these inventory books the requisitions from the various posts are revised by him personally, care being taken not to allow quantities not justified by previous consumption unless satisfactory explanation is furnished by the quartermaster submitting the requisition.

43. Department quartermasters being well informed as to the restrictions which bind the purchasing officers in the matter of advertising before purchasing, are enjoined to use all possible foresight with respect to the wants of their departments, with the aim of avoiding, if possible, the necessity of making any purchases on less than 10 days' advertising by the purchasing officers on whom they call for supplies, their attention in this connection being called to the provisions of Army Regulations that they "will receive from their commanders timely instructions as to all contemplated movements of troops and as to any probable increase or diminution of the garrison at their particular post." They are expected to seck such information whenever they have reason to believe that a movement of troops is contemplated, without waiting the slower and sometimes uncertain processes of routine, and whenever practicable to time their calls on the purchasing officers with special reference to the advertising regulations by which those officers are bound. In short, all proper expedients will be resorted to to diminish the number of purchases being made on less than 10 full days' advertising.

44. A department quartermaster will ordinarily call on depot and purchasing quartermasters for full packages of subsistence stores, but may call for broken packages when, in his opinion, the sending of a full package is liable to overstock a post, or when the full package is not likely to be consumed in the current requisition period and the contents are of a kind that will not keep in good condition for more than one requisition period.

45. Department quartermasters should not call upon depot or purchasing quartermasters for articles of subsistence stores except such as they are informed that the latter have authority to purchase. Exceptions to this rule may be made in emergencies, as when the department quartermaster has been officially informed that supplies required are temporarily not procurable at the usual purchasing station, or in emergencies arising under instructions given by department commanders when there is not time to obtain needed articles of the ration from the usual sources of supply. In such emergencies department quartermasters will call upon depot or purchasing quartermasters who, in their opinion, can most expeditiously furnish the desired stores to the points where needed, stating that it is an emergency call, and depot and purchasing quartermasters will furnish the stores accordingly. Department quartermasters will report to the Quartermaster General each emergency call of the above character made by them, with full explanation as to what constituted the emergency.

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46. A department quartermaster should be able, by carefully revising requisitions for subsistence stores and personally studying the inventory books of subsistence stores kept in his office, to prevent accumulations and consequent loss through deterioration, and at the same time keep the quartermaster well supplied with all desired articles of the authorized list. If, through unforeseen reduction in the strength of a garrison or falling off of consumption, subsistence stores liable to deterioration have accumulated at a post, it is the duty of the department quartermaster to recommend to the department commander the transfer of such stores to some post requiring them, providing such transfer can be effected with ultimate saving to the Government.

47. Department quartermasters should not request any further supply of an article of subsistence stores to be sent to a post when the inventory book of the post shows that a particular variety or size of the article has remained on hand from month to month without material reduction by sales or issues.

48. Department quartermasters will keep a record, by posts and by articles, of subsistence stores lost in their departments as shown by reports of surveying officers received by them. The records should show the date of the survey, the quantity, price, and value of the stores lost, the date and place of purchase and the initials of the purchasing officer, and the action taken by the department quartermaster looking to reclamation for the losses.

49. It is the duty of department quartermasters to call upon depot or purchasing quartermasters to make reclamation for subsistence stores in accordance with the terms of purchase upon the receipt of survey reports. If reclamation has already been requested by the quartermaster at the post, under paragraph 2310 of this manual, a formal confirmatory request will be made by the department quartermaster. Copies of reclamation letters will in all cases be sent to the Quartermaster General.

50. Department quartermasters are authorized to pay vouchers for commutation of rations to soldiers on detached service, and they will make payments of commutation due under the appropriation of the past fiscal year when available funds are not on hand at posts.

51. Department quartermasters will keep themselves informed as to the character and capacity of storehouses at posts and report to their department commanders all cases of insufficient storage, and to this end quartermasters at posts will promptly advise department quartermasters of insufficient or unsatisfactory storage.

52. As soon as practicable after June 30 of each year department quartermasters will send to the Quartermaster General a copy of their annual report to their commanding general, setting forth the operations during the fiscal year of the Quartermaster Corps under their supervision.

53. Upon being relieved from duty at any station a department quartermaster will report to the Quartermaster General, giving summary of any changes effected in his office in regard to methods, administration, or improvements in the service during his incumbency, with suggestion as to what should further be done in the way of improvements.

DEPOT QUARTERMASTER.

54. General depots for the purchase and storage of quartermaster supplies until required for distribution are under the immediate control of the Quartermaster General. They are repositories for reserve quartermaster supplies, but supplies in excess of the current demands upon, or needs of a depot, will not be procured or stored except under instructions of the Quartermaster General.

55. A depot quartermaster of the base section of a line of communications should be located at the point where stores are received by rail or water, and from which stores will be taken to the command in the field. Ample storehouses should be provided, also corrals with shelter for the animals, shops for shoeing animals, repairing wagons, motor vehicles, saddles, harness, and other equipment. If the stores are received by rail the depot quartermaster should receive from the railroad authorities a list of all cars, giving the number of each, the road to which it belongs, date of arrival, and contents.

All cars should be switched at once to the proper storehouses and unloaded, the check clerk carefully checking all packages and noting the condition of the property. All congestion should be prevented by promptness in unloading and switching out the cars.

56. Depot quartermasters may transfer accountability for funds to the commissioned assistant in charge of the finance and accounting division of their respective offices, which officers should submit estimates of funds in their name.

57. Upon being relieved from duty at any station, a depot or purchasing quartermaster will report to the Quartermaster General, giving summary of any changes affected in his office in regard to methods, administration, or improvements in the service during his incumbency, with suggestion as to what could further be done in the way of improvements.

OTHER QUARTERMASTERS.

58. Commanding officers will supervise carefully the duties of quartermasters at their respective posts and will not permit quartermasters to devolve their duties in any degree upon the quartermaster sergeants or other noncommissioned officers of the Quartermaster Corps. (G. O. 46, W. D., 1914.)

59. Every officer accountable for quartermaster supplies will keep himself accurately informed, by personal examination, of the quantities and conditions of the property on hand, and will be held strictly responsible that they are accurately reported on his returns. (A. R. 1094, 1913.)

60. The senior quartermaster of a command, under the direction of its commander, will be responsible for the payment of the troops of the command. (A. R. 1254, 1913.)

61. The attention of all officers receiving supplies or property for the Quartermaster Corps and making issues thereof is invited to paragraphs 668 and 673, Army Regulations, 1913. If an enlisted man or civilian is intrusted to assist in the performance of these duties, such agent must be selected with the greatest care, to the end that the Government sustain no loss. In the transaction of the business of the Quartermaster Corps an officer must sign many papers of which he has a limited personal knowledge, but in certifying vouchers covering payments of money or in certifying to other matters it is his duty to know that his certificate is true and to adopt such means, with the assistance furnished, as may lead to absolute certainty concerning the certificate rendered.

62. Quartermasters will make daily inspections of their storehouses; see that they are kept dry and well ventilated; that the stores are properly cared for; that barrels and buckets of water and other means of extinguishing fires are ready for use; and that all proper precautions are taken to guard against loss.

63. When it is impracticable for an officer to personally superintend his issues-as may be the case with one charged with disbursements or the care of depots-he should choose with great caution the agent to whom he intrusts the duty. (A. R. 673, 1913.)

64. A quartermaster can not be too careful with the property for which he is responsible. If any of it is issued for the official use of an officer, noncommissioned officer, enlisted man, or organization, he should obtain a memorandum receipt for the property at the time of issue. This is necessary for his protection and he will find it easier to obtain a receipt then than afterwards.

65. It is essential to a proper conduct of business that quartermasters give strict personal attention to verifying subsistence sales transactions, which necessarily includes the taking of inventory of stock on hand, and under no circumstances should these duties be delegated to noncommissioned or civilian assistants.

66. Quartermasters will exercise the greatest care in personally supervising the preparation of requisitions before they are submitted to the commanding officer for approval. Should any stores accumulate the quartermaster will at once take steps, either by letter or telegraph, to reduce or cancel shipments due. 67. The quartermaster of a permanent post should have a thorough knowledge of plumbing, the proper ventilation of traps, the arrangement of inlets and outlets for air to secure continual circulation through each system of house plumbing in order to make the water seal effective against sewer gas. He should make frequent inspection of the plumbing fixtures and see that they are kept clean and effective.

68. In order to properly superintend the construction and repair of buildings, roads, walks, wharves, sewers, the installation of power plants, etc., the quartermaster should make a careful study of each class of construction. Standard works thereon may be obtained upon proper application to the Quartermaster General.

69. In order to properly care for water-supply systems, the quartermaster should have a knowledge of hydraulics and of the care and preservation of boilers, pumps, boiler feed pumps, injectors, air compressors, water filters, purification plants, etc. A full description of each piece of apparatus in the water-supply system should be kept in the office of the engineer in charge of the work.

70. Where posts are lighted by electricity, the quartermaster should inform himself as to the apparatus used, especially the care and use of generators, transformers, rheostats, ammeters, and wattmeters.

71. Where the post is supplied with a sewage purification plant, the quartermaster should carefully inform himself as to its working, and see that the attendants in charge have the proper knowledge of all parts thereof, and that they make timely report of any defects, breaks, or failure to operate properly.

Where a sewer system is provided with the Shone or other ejector this should be carefully studied and the quartermaster should see that a proper person is detailed to superintend same.

Where automatic-flushing valves are installed frequent inspection should be made to see that the valves flush as it is intended they should.

72. The quartermaster should inform himself as to what precautions have been taken and are necessary to take in regard to the protection from fire of storehouses, Quartermaster Corps stables, shops, and other buildings for which he is responsible; see that fire buckets are kept filled with water, and that chemical fire extinguishers are placed in places of easy access.

73. At posts where ice machines are installed, the quartermaster should take the same precautions in regard to their operation, care, and preservation as are taken in the case of other power plants.

74. The presence of a quartermaster sergeant or other noncommissioned officer of the Quartermaster Corps at a post does not in any manner relieve the quartermaster from responsibility for the care of stores or property. (G. O. 46, W. D., 1914.)

75. The transportation of a regiment forming part of a larger organization in permanent camp willsubject to the control of the camp commander, be under the orders of the camp quartermaster. Sufficient transportation should always be left with the different units to enable them to properly perform their duties; and where practicable to do so, the transportation of a particular unit should camp with that unit. If, however, it becomes necessary for the camp quartermaster to take any of such transportation for temporary use, he will give a memorandum receipt therefor specifying the particular transportation obtained. When no longer required, he will return to the respective units the identical animals, wagons, and other articles of transportation obtained from them, except, of course, where deaths of animals or destruction of any of the property prevent.

He should have storage facilities for the supplies sent to camp for the command and from which he can make his issues.