The sight of that empty silent hive was positively depressing, for you get a very friendly feeling towards bees; and as your affection is

making everything sticky and awkward to man-wing her solitary, hopeless, purposeless flight ipulate. Still so many bees remained, that there into space? All I know is that the useless was nothing for it but to give them another dose comb contained not her body. of chloroform; and with this, and more tapping, and falling comb, and honey-drowning, the majority were added to their compatriots in the white dish, who were beginning to crawl about for a community, not an individual, you are a little. I now gave the inhabitants of the other only liable to have it severed by accident or hive (the new one) a taste of chloroform, and mismanagement. Perhaps there are some then turning it topsy-turvey, and taking off the superior beings who take the interest in human board, I sprinkled the lot with a little boiled communities that we do in apiarian; and watch beer and sugar; and then giving the bees in the with interest England, or Italy, or Japan, inwhite dish a similar aspersion, I poured them stead of barely distinguishable units. upon the others in the new hive, replaced the You will say that my fiasco tells nothing board, turned the hive over, and set it in its against the uniting of swarms. I reply, that I natural position, and went away with the old never supposed it did; but it tells, with me, hive, an enormous weight of honey, numerous against my doing it. I am too clumsy for such drowned and crushed bees, remorse for my delicate work, and even if the main object were awkwardness, some hope of partial success, and accomplished, should be sure to mangle, drown, considerable joy that the job was over somehow. and stifle dozens of my friends in the operation. It had been part of my plan to discover and put In future, I intend feeding a weak hive through out of the way, for political reasons, the queen the autumn with as much barley-sugar as they of the old hive; but the bees recovered from will stow away, and letting them take their their stupefaction quicker than I bargained for, and I could not find her. However, the book said that did not matter; the bees themselves would undertake that delicate business.

chance. Home-made barley-sugar it must be, mind you. Fill a pipkin with loaf-sugar, add a quarter of a tumbler of water with a dash of vinegar in it, not much, and boil it for some time, till all crystallization is destroyed. Then

Next morning, I went early to see how the union was getting on; not very well. When I am going to impart a great discovery, the two bees met one another, they had a tussle, fell only one I have ever made-do not encumber to the ground together, and then flew off in yourself with feeding-troughs; do not cut your separate directions. There did not seem to be barley-sugar into sticks, and thrust them into any serious fighting, but these little tiffs were the hive, as generally recommended, but follow very general. I thought that perhaps it might my plan. Pour your liquid sugar into saucers be well to provide them with a little wholesome and flower-pot stands, and there let it harden. occupation, so I gave them a couple of pounds Then take the bung out of your hive, and cover of honeycomb on a plate, placed on the top of the hole with one of the saucers, sugar-side the hive, opened the communication, and downwards; place an empty hive over it, balance covered it carefully with another hive. Well, your milk-pan upon that, and leave it. When whether I inadvertently left some crevice be the bees have cleared one saucer out, which they tween this hive and the top of the other, by will do in a couple of days or so, change it for which the bees could get at the honey in the another, and so on till you think they have got plate without passing through the hive, and enough. That is the only original direction in robber-bees from all the country round dis- this paper, which has run on to greater length covered the fact, and joined in a general attack, than I intended; yet I can not dismount from I do not certainly know; but though I was my hobby without a protest against the custom aware of the danger, and took pains to prevent of moralising about bees, and holding them up it, I strongly suspect that this was the real reason as patterns of commercial industry. A more why the air was presently filled with infuriated epicurean set never lived. Fancy spending one's combatants engaged in mortal combat, while the summer in hovering about and sucking sherryhoney dropped from them like spray. You cobblers; storing up what one could not manage never saw such fierce fighting. In an hour's to drink at the time, indeed; but, in revenge, time the whole surface of the garden was covered doing nothing but sleep and sip all the winter! with dead bees, and the hive was so weakened, If you do not work harder than that, reader, that feed and cosset them as we might through you are a lucky fellow.-Chambers' Journal. the winter, they became fewer and fewer in the early spring, and finally died out.

AN Irishman, hearing of a friend who had a stone coffin made for himself, exclaimed, Faith, that's good. Sure an' a stone coffin 'ud last a man a lifetime."

GROWING CLOVER.

a good catch of the seed; while the latter portion of the season, since the rains came, has been such as to promote a heavy growth of weeds of every sort to choke out the weak plants of clover. In cases where there has been a partial take of the clover, something may yet be done-after the grain harvest-to fill up the vacant spaces. The best way is to take a large garden rake and some seed to the field; sow every vacant space, and cover lightly with the rake. This late-sown seed will form plants

There are some matters connected with the growing of clover that are scarcely sufficiently attended to, and need reiterated notice. In the first place, the importance of having only perfectly good, sound seed, can not be too strongly impressed on our farmers. In a case like this, where, from the great expense of the seed, the generality of farmers are only too apt and willing to err on the side of economy, by giving as light a seeding as they think can be made to strong enough to stand the ensuing winter, protake, it is not to be wondered at if many failures arise from a deficiency in the quality of the

seed.

vided all stock are kept off, and the plants allowed to grow so as to make a top that will act as a winter mulch to them.

Again, we find most farmers are in the habit of turning their stock into the newly-seeded clover immediately after the grain which covered

Then, again, farmers usually depend on red clover alone, when, if the matter of growing clover were properly understood, it would be found more advantageous to sow a mixture of the land, and acted as a mulch to protect the different sorts, say one-half of red, one-quarter alsike, and the remainder of white.

young plants from the scorching sun of summer, has been cut and removed. This is one of the In sowing the seed, it is of importance that great causes of failure. The young plants at it should be evenly distributed over the land, a this time want to have every chance given them thing that can only be done where the operation to increase in size and cover the ground, so as of sowing is entrusted to a thoroughly reliable to act as a mulch to their own roots. It is and experienced hand. A patch here and there better to leave such fields entirely shut up from a little thicker than the rest not only looks un- stock until at least the end of September, when, sightly, but also makes the crop a very uneven if there is a good growth of strong plants with one at haying-time. We often see fields of a heavy top, it will do no harm to feed down clover that look as if they had grown in long with stock to only a moderate extent, that is, strips with great gaps between. This is caused just so much as will still leave the plants strong by the want of evenness in sowing the seed; and vigorous to resist the winter frosts. With the sower having nothing but his eye and memory a very weak, thin growth of plants, it would be to guide him, takes too wide a strip at a time, better to keep stock out altogether, and try what and, in throwing the seed, the bulk of it falls can be done to increase the grass crop by seeding directly in front of him, leaving the edges of the Timothy on the land in September, giving a strip he thinks he is covering, with a mere light harrowing immediately after sowing the sprinkling of a few scattered seeds. Timothy, and a dressing of superphosphate, In sowing clover, the better plan is to have which will greatly stimulate the young clover. several small poles, with a rag on the end of The young Timothy can stand the winter well, each, and plant these in a line, one at each end and will commence to tiller out at once after of the field, and one, two, and three in the starting, so that, with a favorable autumn season, centre, according to the size of the field, in the we should expect the following year's grass crop same way as is often done to mark the line of to be a fair one, so far as covering the ground the first furrow in commencing a new bout in goes.-Canada Farmer. ploughing. The sower, when he starts, places a pole exactly the distance from the one standing at the head of the field, as he intends to make his cast of seed extend. As he comes up to TESTING WATER.-To test the organic conthose in the line, in throwing his cast, he tents and condition of water is possible only to removes them exactly the same distance to the a chemist; but there is a simple method of side he is to come back on. In this way there examination which may always be adopted. It will be some regularity of casting ensured. consists in placing a glass of water where the When the land is divided by plough furrows sunlight falls and the temperature is favorable into spaces just wide enough to be covered at to the production of vitality. If the germs of two casts, the furrows may be made the guiding life are there, the vessel may in a few days be line. filled with microscopic forms. If nitrogen This season will doubtless prove a very trying abound, animal life may appear, and decomposione on all newly-seeded grass. The early part tion actively commence. But this will depend of the spring was so dry that there could not be upon the state of the organic impurity. Two

grains of animal matter may in the water of one possesses some extra virtue beyond that of locality give birth to many disagreeable crea-ordinary leaf mould. I have also watered them tures; while a much larger quantity in water with cold tea, and an arbor vitæ which, last from another locality may not contain any such spring was 9in. high, is now 3ft. N.B.-This miniature monsters. The nature or kind of the plant can not have too much water throughout organic matter, therefore, must determine the summer and spring, and should always stand whether the water is fit for drinking, and till in it.-Amateur.

this is done let it be avoided. When putrefaction has commenced there is in hot weather more danger in the goblet than if it were filled with alcohol.

SKELETON LEAVES.

PASTE. To make paste for paper-hanging, have your water boiling in a saucepan, not in a kettle, you can not pour it out so conveniently; mix your flour with cold water quite smooth, pour the boiling water on it, stirring all the time, until it thickens, and a little while after; The leaves, seed-vessels, or other parts of cover it up until cold (this prevents a skin plants which are required to be dissected, should forming on the top); thin it with cold water be steeped in rain-water; and they should be until of the consistency required; some people left exposed to its influence until the whole of put a small piece of alum in the boiling water the soft or pulpy matters are decomposed. The to make the paste stronger. It must be about period required for this operation varies very the thickness of honey for using. New walls much in different leaves, according to their ought to remain for a month or two before they texture; thus, some require but a few weeks, are papered, and then to have a good coat of others as many months. When the pulpy parts size or the paste will not hold. If the walls are completely decomposd, the next operation have been papered before, remove all the old consists in their removal from the fibro-vascular paper you can get off, and well size the walls net-work with which they were originally con- with stiff size. I always make my size with nected. This requires much care and patience. glue, it is much better than the size you buy There are two ways of accomplishing it; one ready prepared. consists in carefully exposing the leaves and other parts to a stream of fresh water, using at the same time a brush; and the other by simply "WAX MILK."-This name was given by the placing them in fresh water, and removing with late Dr. F. F. Rung, of Prussia, discoverer of care the decomposed portions in like manner the aniline colors, to a valuable water-proof with a brush. Some difficulty will be found at compound which is used for imparting a polish first in doing this without at the same time to wooden articles and for coating packingbreaking the fibro-vascular net-work; but a papers. It is made by dissolving twelve parts little practice will soon render it easy of accom- of carbonate of potash in ten times their weight plishment. The adoption of simply fresh water of water; this is heated to the boiling-point, and a stream of the same applied by a syringe and four parts of yellow wax are then gradually will frequently be found desirable. The pulpy stirred into it. When the ensuing effervescence portions having been removed, the network has ceased, 120 parts of water are added, and must be bleached by the application of a weak the liquid is again heated until it assumes the solution of chloride of lime (an ounce of a strong solution to a quart of distilled water will be about the proper strength); and the skeletons should be soaked in it for some hours, generally three or four, but if very thick a longer time will be required. They should afterwards be washed in pure water and dried by exposing them freely to the light and air. These skeletons are beautiful objects for the drawing-room; but they must be placed under glass to preserve them from dust.-Leisure Hour.

position may be further improved for some purappearance and consistency of milk. The composes by first melting common rosin with the wax the compound thus made is more tenacious and flexible than any with either common rosin or wax alone. Wood coated with this mixture will bear washing with cold water, and on being rubbed will assume a fine lustre. The mixture may also be used for protecting statues and architectural decoration.

CEMENT.-India-rubber cut in thin strips will SAVE YOUR TEA-LEAVES.-I have tried dissolve in chloroform, and makes an excellent these for evergreens in pots for some months, cement for glass, &c.; but it is self-evident that and find it wonderfully improves their growth gutta percha would be totally useless for hot and the beauty of their foliage. This manure water as it would soften and yield directly.

Science and Art.

English literature, mathematics, experimental physics, mental philosophy, the testimony is uniform, that not only can women compete with men in the qualities essential for severe and successful study, but that in many respects their average attainments are higher than among the working members of a University. A careful examination of the reports of the various educational associations convinces us that this statement is decidedly within the mark. Among so many testimonies to the same effect, it seems almost invidious to pick out one; but we can not forbear quoting from Professor Fraser's report of his class of logic and mental philosophy at Edinburgh :--"Sixty-five students ITHIN the last few years, the advance enrolled. Forty-eight of these shared more or of public opinion on all subjects less in the examinations and essays of the class. relating to the legal, social, and I found, as the session advanced, that I had at educational position of woman, has the outset underrated the mental power and perindeed been so rapid, that the man sistency of as able and zealous a set of students whose words were only quite recently listened to as I have ever had the good fortune to conduct. by his friends with a condescending smile of In the examination the average of marks gained pity, is now scarcely in advance of his times. was about 55 per cent.; one-twelfth of the class As it is generally believed that the movement gained more than 80 per cent. of the marks, and has yet far from reached its full development, only one had less than 25 per cent." and the course in which it has been so far The Edinburgh Association stands out from directed having been in the main sound and ex- most of its kindred societies in being formed on cellent, we would still wish to suggest to its pro- a decidedly more academical basis. The courses moters whether the curriculum of subjects are longer, averaging about forty lectures each, taught under the auspices of the various associ- and, consequently, deeper and more thorough; ations may not be somewhat widened by a more the teachers are all university professors, and liberal infusion of the scientific element. The the aim of the Association is, as it were, to form ability of women to appreciate instruction by a distinct Faculty of the University. So far as the highest teachers of Natural Science has as we can judge, the success of the Association has yet hardly been tested. The high position occu- justified the views of its founders. Many advanpied by a few women like Miss Martineau and tages no doubt result from immediate connection Mrs. Somerville as writers on Political and Nat- with a great centre of learning like the Univerural Science can not be taken to prove the sity of Edinburgh, a connection which has capacity of the whole sex; but we think that so hitherto been denied to female education. We far as opportunity has yet been offered, the are inclined to think that the "College for evidence is entirely favorable. The programmes Women" may have made a mistake in establishof the Lectures to Women on Physiography, ing itself in a locality "midway between London Physics, and Botany, recently delivered at the and Cambridge." The College will not share South Kensington Museum by Professors Hux- in the life of the University; the Cambridge ley, Guthrie, and Oliver, show at least no want of professors will not feel the Hitchin College a confidence in the capacity of their pupils. The portion of their own system, unless the College first of these courses had already been given is locally associated with the University. substantially to a mixed class of boys and girls We have already alluded to the comparative at the London Institution, and in the results of absence of Natural Science from the [rogrammes the examination of that class, the girls had of the Ladies' Educational Associations; this decidedly the advantage over the boys. In most is not so strikingly the case as it was last year. of the large towns of Great Britain courses of The London Association is making arrangelectures to ladies have now been delivered during ments for some scientific classes next session; the last two or three years by eminent professors at Edinburgh Professor Balfour is trying the of the various branches of literature; in many experiment of a class of botany; classes for of these, rigorous examinations have been held zoology and geology are included in the Manat the close of the courses; and where this has chester curriculum for 1870-71; as well as one been done, there is but one expression of opinion on logic by Professor Jevons; Natural Science as to the quality of the work executed. At has a place both in the entrance examination London, Edinburgh, Manchester, Liverpool; in for the Hitchin College and in the College

course, though it has not yet been taught; while is only what might with confidence have been chemical classes have already been conducted in predicted. The instinct of self-defense is a several localities by Professors Williamson, strong one; and if any evidence is required of Roscoe, and others, with marked success We the extent to which self-interest has entered notice with great pleasure the movement at into the causes of the opposition by the proCambridge for the instruction of women, to fession to the medical training of women, we which we have referred elsewhere. Here a need only refer to the "seven reasons against wide field is opening for the future, and one the admission of ladies to the profession" given which it will surprise us if women do not make in the British Medical Journal for May 7th. especially their own. In the training of boys Into the abstract question of the utility of we have recently awoke to the discovery that a monopolies we need not enter; those who are complete education implies something more excluded from their benefits are perfectly justithan an intimate acquaintance with two dead fied in using every legitimate effort to overthrow languages. There is no danger that we shall them, and in claiming the assistance of those ever underrate the value of a critical acquaint- who believe in the universal adaptation of the ance with Latin and Greek, as requiring a mental principles of free trade. Seldom have greater training which no other studies can give; but persistence and self-denial been shown than by while a classical education imparts the highest those few women who have labored long and culture possible to the intuitive faculties, it hard in this country, America, and France, in scarcely brings into play the powers of observa- attempting to open to their sisters the doors of tion. Now, it is in these very powers of per- the medical profession. Careless of cruel misception, as distinct from conception, which the representation, of public slander, of private perNatural Sciences cultivate, that woman has nat-secution, they have held nobly on their course, urally the advantage over man; and we may and their services to mankind will one day be therefore a priori conclude that their study will recognized. be specially within the range of her powers. Few have yet realized the enormous gain that Another consideration is also worthy of notice will accrue to society from the scientific educaby those who are looking for "new careers for tion of our women. If, as we are constantly women. At a time when we are beginning to being told, the "sphere of woman" is at home, recognize the importance of a scientific training what duty can be more clearly incumbent upon as an essential portion of a liberal education, us than that of giving her the opportunity of we find that our teaching powers fail us. The acquiring a knowledge of the laws which ought number of really competent teachers of science to guide her in the rule of her house? Every has by no means kept pace with the extension of a desire for instruction; the leading men in every branch are overwhelmed with work; and the younger men to whom they can with confidence entrust a portion of their labors are by no means sufficiently numerous. It is thus not women only, but men, the whole human race, that is stunted in its intellectual development at a time when its growth should be the most rapid, by the practical restriction to one half of the race only, of the means of acquiring the ability to help in this development.

woman on whom the management of a household devolves may profit by such knowledge. If the laws of health were better known, how much illness and sorrow might be averted! What insight would a knowledge of chemistry afford into the wholesomeness or unwholesomeness of different articles of food! What added zest would be given to a country walk with the children, or a month by the seaside, if the mother were able to teach the little ones intelligently to observe and revere the laws of Nature! Above all, what untold sufferings, what wasted lives, are the penalty we have paid for the prudish ignorance of the physiology of their bodily frame in which we have kept our daughters! These considerations have had far too little place with us at present.

We must next touch upon a subject of great delicacy; we refer to the instruction of women in medicine and surgery. There is an important distinction between this and all other departments of science. While it is competent to any one to teach chemistry, geology, or botany, and We trust that a new era is dawning upon us; his success as a teacher will depend on his may the higher education of women be pursued competency, the teachers and practicers of in the admirable spirit of the last report of the medicine and surgery form a guild, a professional Edinburgh Ladies' Educational Association:trades' union, protected and licensed by the "So far as we can see, cultivation does for Government. It is in the nature of guilds and women what it does for men-intensifies every monopolies to be exclusive; and when we find moral attribute in proportion to the mental that the medical profession is united almost as growth. Those who must go out into the world one man (with a few honorable exceptions) to go out with a truer courage, founded upon a resist the admission of women into its ranks, it nobler estimate of work; those whose duties