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8. Trace the development of Prussian power and prestige between 1740 and 1790. Account for its sudden downfall at the hands of France.

9. In what sense may one call the American Revolution a "European" event? Estimate its influence on Western Europe.

10. Write a note on " The Constituent Assembly," and discuss the merits of the constitution it conferred on France.

11. "There can be no republic in France; the bona fide Republicans are idiots, the others intriguers." Do events in France between 1792 and 1802 confirm Napoleon's epigram?

12. "As great as a man can be without virtue." Illustrate or refute this estimate of Napoleon from the facts of the Empire.

13. Describe, if possible with an adequate plan, either the Austerlitz campaign, or the battle of Waterloo.

COLONIAL HISTORY.

(Not more than seven questions should be attempted, including questions from both parts.)

A.

1. "The errors of Spanish colonial policy were economic rather than moral". Discuss this statement.

2. What is the importance in English colonial history of the reign of Queen Elizabeth?

3. "Cromwell's colonial policy was that of his predecessors, as it was that of the statesmen who followed him". (Lord Morley.)

"Cromwell was above all a great Imperial ruler, perhaps the only Englishman who has ever understood in its full sense the word Empire". (Professor Egerton.) Discuss these two estimates.

4. Sketch the relations between England and Massachusetts Bay in the reigns of Charles II and James II.

5. "That baleful spirit of Commerce that wished to govern great nations on the maxims of the counter". (Adam Smith). How far is this a fair description of the Mercantile Theory?

6. Draw a map of the British possessions in America in 1713, particularizing those acquired at the Peace of Utrecht.

7. What are the services of the American colonies to the cause of religious toleration?

8. What were the chief causes of the American revolution?

B.

(Question 12 should be answered.)

9. Estimate the political character and wisdom of Lord Dorchester.

10. What were the chief clauses of the Quebec Act? Estimate their wisdom.

11. "Whoever may lay claim to the parentage of Confederation-and upon this momentous question there has been much controversy-its real parent was Deadlock". (Goldwin Smith.)

Explain and discuss this statement.

22. Explain and comment briefly on any four of the following passages from Lord Durham's Report :

(a) "An invading American army might rely on the co-operation of almost the entire French population of Lower Canada".

(b) "It seems also to have been considered the policy of the British Government to govern its colonies by means of division, and to break them down as much as possible into petty isolated communities".

(c) "The last public act of Sir John Colborne, before quitting the government öf the province in 1836, which was the establishment of the 57 rectories, has completely changed the aspect of the question".

(d) "The formation of a railroad from Halifax to Quebec would entirely alter some of the distinguishing characteristics of the Canadas".

(e) "The wisdom of adopting the true principle of representative government, and facilitating the manage

ment of public affairs, by entrusting it to the persons who have the confidence of the representative body, has never been recognized in the government of the North American colonies".

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"There can hardly be conceived a nationality destitute of all that can invigorate and elevate a people, than that which is exhibited by the descendants of the French in Lower Canada".

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