5. (a) What are the obstacles in the path of responsible government in Germany?

(b) Explain the composition and powers of the AustroHungarian delegations.

(c) Describe the committee system in the French parliament, and estimate its influence on the working of cabinet government.

6.

B.

"The investigations of the commission show an oversupply of unskilled labor in basic industries to an extent which indicates an oversupply of unskilled labor in the industries of the country as a whole, and therefore demand legislation which will at the present time restrict the further admission of such unskilled labor.

It is desirable in making restriction that

(a) A sufficient number be debarred to produce a marked effect upon the present supply of unskilled labor.

(b) As far as possible, the aliens excluded should be those who come to this country with no intention to become American citizens or even to maintain a permanent residence here, but merely to save enough, by the adoption, if necessary, of low standards of living, to return permanently to their home country. Such persons are usually men unaccompanied by wives or children.

(c) As far as possible the aliens excluded should also be those who, by reason of their personal qualities or habits, would least readily be assimilated or would make the least desirable citizens. The following methods of restricting immigration have been suggested:

(a) The exclusion of those unable to read or write in some language.

(b) The limitation of the number of each race arriving each year to a certain percentage of the average of that race arriving during a given period of years.

(c) The exclusion of unskilled laborers unaccompanied by wives or families.

(d) The limitation of the number of immigrants arriving annually at any port.

(e) The material increase in the amount of money required to be in the possession of the immigrant at the port of arrival.

(f) The material increase of the head tax.

(g) The levy of the head tax so as to make a marked discrimination in favor of men with families."

-Report of United States Commission on Immigration, 1910. Discuss the applicability of these conclusions to Canada.

7. (a) What do you consider the essential features of the Conservation movement? Outline a programme of conservation for either the forest or the farm.

(b) Discuss the bearing of conservation principles on (i) prohibition of export of pulpwood, (ii) government ownership of water-powers, (iii) division of power between. Federal and Provincial authorities.

8. (a) Has dualism of race been a source of strength or of weakness to Belgium, to Switzerland, to Canada?

(b) Estimate the influence of the presence of the two races in Canada on (i) imperial relations, (ii) relations with the United States, (iii) party system in Canada, (iv) religious development.

9. (a) What are the distinctive features of city planning? (b) To what authority in Canada should city planning be entrusted?

(c) What are the chief housing policies advocated by present-day reformers?

10. (a) Outline a policy to prevent destitution in old age. (b) Would the adoption of the Gothenburg system in Canadian cities be advisable?

(c) Discuss the expediency of employing convicts in manufacturing goods for sale.

FINAL HONOURS.

POLITICAL SCIENCE.

Sociology.

1. (a) State the chief senses in which the term sociology has been applied, and give your own conclusion as to the proper field of the science.

(b) Discuss the relation of sociology to the other social sciences.

2. "The advance of the human mind proceeds in accord with the great philosophical law of the succession of the three states through which the mind has to pass in every kind of speculation. . . Material development as a whole must follow a course not only analogous but perfectly correspondent with that of intellectual development."

states.

(a) Discuss the validity of Comte's theory of the three

(b) What does Comte consider the social service rendered by each of the three methods of interpreting the world? Is their succession inevitable, and why?

(c) What are the material developments corresponding to the intellectual stages? Discuss the causal connection, and compare with Buckle's view as to the primary force in historical progress.

3. "The cause of war is as permanent as hunger itself; since both spring from the same source, the law of decreasing returns. So long as that persists, war must remain, in the last analysis, a national business undertaking, designed to procure or preserve foreign markets, that is, the means of continued growth and prosperity. Chacun doit grandir ou mourir."

Comment.

4. (a) State and estimate Buckle's theory of the influence of the climate, food and soil on the production and distribution of wealth.

(b) What is Buckle's place in the development of social theory?

5. "The interests of the individual and those of the social organism. . . are fundamentally and inherently irreconcilable, and a large proportion of the existing individuals at any time have no personal interest whatever in this progress of the race, or in the social development we are undergoing."-Kidd.

"Hence by the law of the survival of the fittest, altruism, which at this stage means good motherism, is forced upon the world.”— Drummond.

(a) State and comment on the main doctrines advanced by Kidd and Drummond.

(b) What end had the two writers in common? Which means was the surer?

6. (a) Discuss Ammon's law of urban selection.

(b) State and comment on Bagehot's theory regarding government by discussion.

7. Discuss the applicability of the doctrine of natural selection to social questions.