Puslapio vaizdai
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DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY.

FINAL HONOURS I.

(Candidates will attempt not less than 4, and not more than 6

questions).

1." The first traces of our national history must be sought not in Britain but in Germany." (Stubbs).

Within what

limits is this statement true? To what authorities would you appeal for information on this earliest period, and what their relative values?

are

2. To what extent may you call society in "Beowulf" civiConnect its main features with those of Anglo-Saxon after the settlement in England.

lised?

society

3. Discuss Asser's biography of Alfred, with special refer

ence to

book

as

its value as contemporary evidence. Compare the an historical document with any other early English or chronicle with which you are acquainted.

biography

4. Give full notes on the following terms: "book-land", "sac and soc", "heriot", "trinoda necessitas,"

or

Describe St. Columba, from the material furnished by Adamnan; and estimate the extent to which excessive belief

in the

in

Supernatural has vitiated the veracity of his book.

5. Give both sides of the argument concerning clause 3,

The Constitutions of Clarendon." What particular objection did Becket take to these words: "And if the clerk shall have confessed, or been convicted, the church ought not thereafter to protect him"? (Et si clericus convictus vel confessus fuerit, non debet de cetero eum ecclesia tueri).

6. Give the main outlines of the charter of Henry I. May

one regard the Great Charter as simply an expansion of its terms?

or

State succinctly the political theory expressed in "The Song of Lewes"; and relate it to the constitutional career of De Montfort.

7. "Edwardus primus, Scotorum malleus." Comment.

8. Describe the experiments in the form of his national assembly, made by Edward I, between 1272 and 1295.

9. What do you know of villeinage in England in the 13th century? What caused the peasant revolt at the end of the fourteenth century?

10. Criticize the social optimism of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales by reference to contemporary political and social conditions.

DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY.

FINAL HONOURS II.

(Candidates will attempt not less than 4, and not more than 6 questions).

1. Illustrate the defects and merits of Wellington as a domestic statesman from (a) his attitude towards Catholic Emancipation ; ( ẞ) his opposition to Reform; (7) his leadership of the House of Lords.

2. The one great foreign minister produced by England in the nineteenth century "-with what facts would you support that estimate of Canning? Is it fair to Palmerston?

3. “Whatever may be the convention entered into, my experience teaches me that.. governments rarely abide by conventions or treaties longer than it is their interest to do so." In the light of this dictum of Washington, discuss Anglo-Russian diplomacy between 1853 and 1885.

4. Trace the development of "Reform" from Russell's first Bill to that of the third Derby Administration.

5. Do you think Morley right when he says of Gladstone: "What marks him from other chancellors (of the exchequer) is exactly the dominating hold gained by the social question in all its depth and breadth upon his most susceptible imagination"?

6. Is there any fairness in Gladstone's dictum on Beaconsfield: "The great corrupter"? Support your answer by concrete illustrations.

7. Summarize and criticize the Irish section in Gladstone's programme of reforms between 1868 and 1874.

8. Give a careful analysis of the Liberal party during the

1880-85 ministry. Do you believe that, with the Home Rule question eliminated, it could have held together?

9. "One of the sincerest and most important friends Italy had." (Cavour).

"Mr. Gladstone's error of judgment in delaying too long the despatch of the Nile expedition left a stain on the reputation of England which it will be beyond the power of either the impartial historian or the partial apologist to efface." (Cromer).

Enlarge on the two aspects of Gladstone's external policy thus described. Can you reconcile the force and success of the former, with the failure and weakness of the latter, in a general estimate of Gladstone's foreign policy?

10. Contrast the typical mid-Victorian Liberal policy towards the colonies with the Imperialism of Beaconsfield.

DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY.

FINAL HONOURS III.

[Candidates will attempt not less than 4, and not more than 6 questions].

1. What definite doctrines did the Revolution borrow from Rousseau? Can you explain the influence which his teachings had on practical politics?

2. What does Sorel mean by "guerres de magnificence "; and how far may the Revolutionists be blamed for entering on such wars?

3. Comment briefly on these sentences:

i. (concerning Richelieu)—Sa grande supériorité fut de discerner les occasions et d'agia à propos; de ne proposer que l'opportun, de ne tenter que le possible, de n'exécuter que le durable.

ii. le système classique de la diplomatie française.

iii. c'est par l'Angleterre que Pitt gouverna l'Europe.

iv. "Si la Prusse périt, l'art de gouverner retournera vers l'enfance."

v. (concerning Frederick the Great) —

Tout son système de gouvernement sé reduit à cette donneé élémentaire; l'exploitation d'un grand domaine par un maitre intelligent.

vi. (concerning Catherine II) —

Elle agitait dans son esprit cette vaste combinaison, connue sous le nom de projet grec.

vii. (concerning Germany)—

La France, qui peut, avec le temps, la paix, un bon gouvernement, converter en citoyens français les habitants de le rive gauche, ne pourra, sur le rive droite, former que des Allemands plus hostiles à mesure qu'ils se sentiront plus émancipés. Elle ne leur donnera l'idée d'une réforme possible que pour leur suggérer aussitôt le désir de l'accomplir par l'Allemagne, et pour l'Allemagne.

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