CONTAINING RULES OF SYNTAX, AND MODELS FOR ANALYZING AND TRANSPOSING. TOGETHER WITH SELECTIONS OF PROSE AND POETRY FROM WRITERS OF STANDARD AUTHORITY BY ALLEN H. WELD, A. M., AUTHOR OF LATIN LESSONS AND READER, AND AN ENOLISHI GRAMMAR. PORTLAND: PUBLISHED BY SANBORN & CARTER, 1853. Edue T 758,53.866 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1847, by ALLEN H. WELD, m the Clerk's Office of the District Court of Maine. SYNOPSIS SUBJECT. The SUBJECT of a sentence VARD COLLEGE OF GRAMMATICAL RELATIONS. See Gram. §§ 35, 36, 37, 28, 34, or Parsing Book, pages 5,6. MODIFIERS OF THE SUBJECT. The MODIFIERS of the subject may The Subject, whose meaning is modified by one or more words, Ferdinand, PREDICATE. The PREDICATE of a MODIFIERS OF THE PREDICATE The MODIFIERS of the predicate may The Predicate, whose meaning is modified by one or more words, SENTENCES. MODIFIERS OF THE SUBJECT. That you have wronged me by your denial, Evergreens An, The rose, Those, only, among the trees, called an article, so fair and beautiful to-day, who are obliging, NOUN OR PRONOUN. MODIFICATION OF A noun or pronoun may be modified 2. By an adjective; as. A tall mast. 4. By a participle; as, The sun rising. 6. By a relative clause; as, I, who speak 7. Rarely by an adverb; as, Not my feet only. VERB OR PARTICIPLE. A verb or participle may be mod- 1. By a noun in the objective case, 2. By a verb in the infinitive; as, 5. By an adjective; as, The wind blows fresh. WORDS. COMPOUND SENTENCES. A Compound Sentence is made up of two or more NOUNS INDEPENDENT. Nouns which have no grammatical connection with she subject or pr dicate of a sentence, are said to be Independent; as. O virtue! ANALYSIS OF SENTENCES. A Sentence may be analyzed by dividing it into viz: the Subject or Modified Subject, the Predicate 2. Explain the mutual relations, and point out the office of every word which has any modifying influence. PREFACE. THE selections which compose the body of the following work are so arranged as to constitute a gradual course of Exercises in Analyzing and Parsing. The Rules of Syntax are taken from WELD'S ENGLISH GRAMMAR by permission of the Publishers, and to these rules, and also to the Grammar from which they are taken, references are occasionally made, to assist the learner in explaining idiomatic or difficult passages. As the extracts are from some of the most accomplished and approved writers, the Ornaments of style, Figures of Rhetoric and Scanning, may be profitably attended to by advanced classes. The book may be used by learners in almost any stage of attainment after the elementary principles of Grammar are understood. The work is designed to take the place of Pope's Essay, Thomson's Seasons, Young's Night Thoughts, and other entire poems, which are used as parsing books in Schools. A variety in the selections, it is believed, will be more profitable and interesting to the learner, than any single work can be, which exhibits no gradation in style, and the peculiarities of one writer only. A. H. W. RULES OF SYNTAX. 1. Syntax treats of sentences, and teaches the proper construction of words in forming them. CLASSIFICATION OF SENTENCES. Sentences are of four kinds, declaratory, imperative, interrogative and conditional. A declaratory sentence is one in which any thing is simply affirmed or denied of a subject; as, Time flies; he will not understand. An imperative sentence is one in which a command is expressed; as, Buy the truth, and sell it not. An interrogative sentence is one in which a question is asked; as, Who hath believed our report? A conditional sentence is oue in which something contingent or hypothetical is expressed; as, If it rains; though he slay me. Sentences are either simple or compound. A simple sentence consists of but one proposition; a compound sentence consists of two or more simple sentences. The simple propositions which make up a compound sentence, are called clauses or members. The leading clause is one on which the other members depend. A dependent clause is one which makes complete sense only in connection with another clause. SIMPLE SENTENCES. A simple sentence contains only one subject or nominative, and one predicate. |